US517822A - George s - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I

G. S; MAYHEW.

ARTIFICIAL LUMBER AND GOMPOS I 'IION MATERIAL.

No.51'7,82 2. Patented Apr.3,1894,

70/14:. Wanda 471.421.

' 1' I hvenjfozi I B %ZQM I wiiorheyof UNITED STATES GEORGE S. MAYHEW,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES AXIL SMITH, OF SAME PLACE.

ARTIFICIAL LUMBER OR COMPOSITION MATERVIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,822,dated April 3,

Application filed May 2, 1893. SerialNo. 472.798- (No model.)

T0 on whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. MAYHEW, o

' Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented a certain new and Improved Artificial Lumber or Gomposition Material, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a material or lumber composed of layers of paper and wood each retainingits identity and secured together in such a manner as to form a smooth surfaced and even board of any desired thickness and of extraordinary strength, solidity and inflexibility and possessing atthe same time qualities which render it durable in nearly all uses and climates.

The object of-my invention is to provide a composition material made up in the form of large boards and which will be strong and durable, and not shrink, swell, or warp, andwhich will above all things possess a smooth even and unbroken surface adapting the same for use in the finest interior finish-of houses as well as adapting it for employment in cabinet work, various lines of manufacture and many of the less, exacting arts. p To this end my invention consists in the combination, with a body or core made up of a series of wide but thin wooden boards or sheets laid edge to edge and the grain thereof having a common direction, of a series of thinner but preferably wider sheets or veneers of wood laid with their grain extending transversely to that of the core sheets, and two thick sheets of paper arranged uponopposite sides of the complete core thus formed, and the whole being firmly secured together by a suitable quick drying adhesive material to form a single homogeneous mass having the form of a thin, wide, and long board.

My invention consists further in carryingwebs for the adhesive material and permanently'arranged between the inner and outer parts or courses of wood. v

My invention consists further in particular construction for the several parts and in various combinations all as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.-

The invention will be more readily under-- stood by reference to-the' acco mpanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a I piece of composition material embodying my invention. Figs. 2, 3, and 4, are enlarged views of several of the many forms of serrated edges which I employ for parts of my material.

' As shown in the drawings, my composition material or composite board is made up of two sheets 3 and 4 of 'thick heavy straw or pulp board, between which are secured, by a suitable adhesive material, a number. of wooden parts composinga strong and inflexible core, which is given smooth surfaces by the thick paper facings. The inner parts 2 of the core consist in a series of wide butthin sheets of wood, the grain of which has a common direction transverseto the length of the long sheets 3 and 4. These parts 2 may extend clear across the wide paper sheets or a portion thereof may be of less length and be pieced out by shorter and smaller parts 2', as shown in Fig. 1. With this construction the long wooden sheets 2 have their ends lapped by one another so that the joints between "the long and the short pieces do not form themselves into a continuous line throughout the length of the large boards. The inner sheets 2 are provided in opposite sides with a series of closely arranged rows of deep indentations 5, which extend nearly through the board but not clear through the same, leav- 1 ing small solid parts between the several strips into which each wide sheet is so nearly separated. These indentations may partake of the form of deep grooves instead of a series of small indentations but I prefer the latter. Either form separates the wide sheet or sheets 2 into alarge number of small parts running lengthwise with the grain and thereby preventing transverse shrinkage or warping, while the solid portions between the several longitudinal parts serve to lock the same to one another and prevent one part swelling or shrinking and moving with respect to the other. The surfaces of this inner core, having the transverse grain, are coveredby thin webs 6 of paper or cloth and of just sufficient strength to carry the Weight caused by a thorough coating of both its sides with a quick setting adhesive material. Byapplying the adhesive material in this way the body thereof is kept too small to permeate the indentations 5 to prevent their performing theproper function. The cracks between the wide sheets 2 are preferably filled with the adhesive material to securesaid parts to-.

serrated being here intended. to mean any form of tongued and notched edge. The serintededgesof the several veneers. fit into one? another respectively and thetonguesof on 9; completely interlock with those of theadj oining-veneeithereby preventing movement: of

either veneer withrespeet to the-,other, which;

movement might result in warping the compositeiboard of which they form apart. The thick sheets2 aresecured upon the smooth surfaces made bythe wide and: thin veneers,

the same. kind. of adhesive material, which; is employed upon the Webs being preferably sed bet een the inners-ides ot the long papen Sheets-3 nd ts-and the veneers.

In, the drawings thezthickness-of thecomposite bQard formed of all the above described} parts is considerably exaggerated, while the length andwidth of the parts thereof are shown very much smaller thaniu practice, asttheipants Zane oftenfromtwelvetoi fifteen inches in. Wid h; and from two to sixf'eetin;

length and. the veneers 7 are preferably at 1 least twelve inches in width'and of' greater length than-width. The serrated edge may havetheform of a V-tongue-and a notch; or anahnuptor square end wit h'inclined sidesias shown in Fig. 2.,

Laplace of the form. shown in Fig, 21 may use-that. shown in Fig; 3-w-here all of the anglee of the tongues and notches-are inclined with respect to the. original streightedge of thevcneer or' widesheet. While in-Fig t cunvedi tongues and. notches are shown as equally desirable The parts of theboard, after being assembled,.and connected by adhesive material, are subjected to a, heavy .pressurewhich disseminates the quick. setting adhesive; material and forces the same into thercraeks extending: through fromzsheet to-sheetof the. enveloping paper as. before iflifid; but. not into the indentations. The serrated ontlines of the thin veneers furnish such. an extendedarea or passage. for the adhesivematerial that the sameis spread over erylarge surface andprevented fro m formingridges, which, when hardenedmightform ridges .beneaththe surfacesheets3 and iand mar thesmooth appearanceof thesame. By the; useof thelpeculiarlyformed veneers, however, in the shape described this difficulty is overcome and a perfectly smooth surface obtained upon each side off thecomposite board.

The wooden parts before being used are preferably dried and particularly the veneers, which are usually heated to sucha high defg-ree astod-cstroythe life of the wood. After the composiitelhoard is pressed'it is dried in a suitable kiln. It is obvious that the crossed grains of theparts of the wooden core and the equal strength thereof at all points absolutely prevent the warping or bulging of the composite board due to shrinking or warping of the parts thereofl The board thus formed afiter bei ng dried is extremely strong and inflexible though capable of being easily worked by ordinary earpenteflstoolsand has sucha quality of denseneseas; to bola; very poor conductor of soiund cxcept; where specially designed and subjected. 12.09am extraordin-arily heawypnessune. Aninfierionquality of material may he. mad-elwith at conecomposed of thin wooden strips arrangcd in thnee courses, tzhe grain of theicuiter courses extendy ingin an oppositedirectiontothatof the-middie; course, oronei course of the thinisthips-(or gone course of the wideveneerslin the board 'descri.b.ed); may be. omitted. The composite board. so: constructed however isfar more apt towarp. than the board first: described and 1 though the-lattercostssomew-hatmoreih much prefer its use.

By the employment of fire or water proof smatenialzon both in the constrnetioniof my hoard, making-- cit-hen the adhesive: material, on thepaper board used fire: or water proctor hoth, theboardl soconstitutedmay be adapted to resist the actionof fircior water.

Having thus. described my invention, I claim as. new and desi re to: secnne Letters Patent--- 1. In an artificial luimben or composition material awooden corelcomposediot threethin i layersof wood each made up of a SBIlBSEOfi thin sheets or stripsandxthe grain of the outerlayershaving acommon direction transversoto that of the middleslayer, in. combinationiwith .thickpaper. or pulpboar-d facings for said ore and an inter-posed adhesive'material or GGIIlBUl? betweenand securing allof saidparts firmly together toform athin hutrinflexible hoard, substantially asdescribed;

2. The combination ina; composition material. of two-thick. sheets of heavy paper or I pulp board-witha core anrangedbetween said sheets of paper and composed of. a layer of 3 wide but thinr sheetstof. wood; andgtwo-layers arrangeduponopposite sidesthereofandcomposedof thin; wideiveneersearranged transversely with respectto said sheets'of woodand-aan interposed adhesivematerialsecuring gallrof said parts firmly togethcr, substantially asdescribed. 1

. 3. The combination, in an artificiullumber or composition material, of series of thin wide a wooden i sheets, with a. thin" cement-carrying-webs arranged upon opposite sides of said series or layer, and thin and wide veneers laid pose specified.

.4. The combination, in an artificial lumber or composition material, of a series or layer of thin wide wooden sheets, with thin cementcarrying-webs arranged upon opposite sides of said series or layer, and thin and wide veneers laid upon opposite sides thereof with their grain running across that of the said wooden sheets, and thick paper orpulp board facings secured upon said veneers by a suitable adhesive material or cement, substantially as described. p

5. The combination,in an artificial lumber or composition material, of a series of thin wide sheets of wood arranged edge to edge and provided in their opposite sides with a series of rows of indentations, with a series of thin wide wood veneers arranged upon opposite sides of said thin sheets and secured thereto by an adhesive material,.said veneers being arranged with their grain crossing that of said sheets, substantially as described.

6. The combination,in an artificial lumber orcomposition material, of a series of thin sheets of wood arranged edge to edge and having their sides provided with a series of rows of indentations, thin wide wood veneers arranged upon opposite sides of said thin sheets of wood, thick sheets of paper or pulp board inclosing said veneers and an adhesive material interposed between said parts to secure the same firmly and inflexibly together, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in an artificial lumber or composition material, of the thin wide sheets of wood arranged edge to edge and having both sides provided with a series of rows of indentations extending with the grain of the wood, with a course of thin woodveneers laid cross-grained to said sheets of wood; with sheets of paper secured upon opposite sides of the wooden core so formed by a suitable adhesive material, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in an artificial lumber or composition material, of the thin wooden sheets arranged in a thin layer with the carrying webs for the adhesive material and whereby the same is applied, thin wood veneers having serrated and interlocking edges and securedby the adhesive material upon saidwebs, the grain of the wood veneers extending in an opposite direction to that of the wooden sheets, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in an artificial lumber or composition material of the, thin wooden sheets arranged in a thin layer with two layers arranged upon opposite sides thereof and each composed of a series of thin wood veneers having serrated and interlocking edges, and the thick paper or pulp board facings secured upon said veneers and all parts being firmly secured together by a suitable adhesive material, substantially as described.

10. The combination, in an artificial lumher or composition material, of V the thin wooden sheets, with the carrying webs forthe adhesive material and whereby the same is applied, thin wood veneers having serrated and interlocking edges and secured by the. adhesive material upon said webs, the grain of the wood veneers extending in an opposite direction to'that of the wooden sheets, and thick facings of artificial material secured upon said veneers by adhesive material, substantially as described.

11. The combination, in an artificial material or composition material, of the thin wooden sheets arranged edge to edge with carrying webs for adhesive material applied to opposite sides of said wooden sheets, thin wooden veneers arranged across grain to and secured upon the same, thick paper sheets secured upon said veneers, said wooden sheets provided with the closely arranged indentations in opposite sides, said veneers having serrated interlocking edges, and the whole secured together by an adhesive material and subjected to a heavy pressure and dried, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof witness my hand this 22d day of April, A. D. 1893.

' GEORGE S. MAYHEW.

In presence of- O. G. HAWLEY, A. R. ROGERS.

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