US517363A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Description

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GENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR. No. 517,363.` Patented Mar. 27, 1894.

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` No. 517,363. Patented Mar. 27, :1894

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CHRISTIAN. H. ASCHARAR, OF SCRATON, PENNSYLVANIA.'

CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR. l

ySPECIEllICfA'lIOlN' forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,363, dated March 27, 1894.

Application filed August 19, 1893- `T0 @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN H. SCHARAR,

a citizen of the United States, residing atI Scranton, inthe county of Laekawanna and- This invention relates to centrifugal sepaf rators; and it has for its object to provide an improved machine of this character especially adapted for the separation of coal,but which is equally as well available for use in effecting the necessary separations of salt, grain, &c. To this end the main and primary object of the invention is to construct a separator machine on the centrifugal principle which will secure perfect separations of the material being operated upon, and which will overcome the difficulties encountered in other devices of a similar character, such as clogging of the screens, incomplete separations, and an excess of power for operating'the machine.'

With these'and other objects in view which will at once suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, the present invention contemplates such improvements as will m aterially increase.

the usefulness of centrifugal separator machines, and these improvements wili be hereinafter fully elucidated in the description, the accompanying drawings'and the appended claims. f

In the drawings-Figure l is a central vertical sectional view of the centrifugal separator constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View on the line 1-1 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a similar View on the line 2-2 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a central vertical sectional view of a modified form of the machine, showing the several parts thereof in an inverted position. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional View on the line 3 3 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is asimilar view on the line 4.-'-4 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a similar view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Arepresents a stationary conical casing, open at the top and bottom and supported at its lower edge on the supporting bed or base B, which, as illustrated, is a suitable frame of strong timbers. The said stationary conical casing A, is provided at suitable points and in different horizontal planes with a series of Serial No. 483,556 (No modeLl tangential discharge spouts C, which are disposed at a tangent to the circumference of the casing, and which may be either arranged in the same vertical plane in a line one above the other, or alternately arranged, as shown in Fig. 5 of the'drawings, and in either event the said tangential discharge spouts provide means for the centrifugal discharge of the several separated portions of the material ejected from the screen devices mounted to revolve inside of said casing, and which I shall now proceed to describe.

Centrally arrangedou the supporting bed or base B, is a step bearing D, which re ceives the lower endof the tubular vertical shaft d. The tubular vertical shaft cl, is j ournaled at its upper end in a suitably supportedbearing d', in a line with the step bearing D, and by reason of the said shaftbeing tubular, the bearing D, in which it moves, maybe readily lubricated. The vertical screen shaft d,is provided at a point intermediate of its ends with the supporting collar d2, at a point above and adjacent to which is located an oil hole dwhich'provides means for lubricating the revolving sleeve E, mounted on the shaft d, for revolution and supported thereon by the collarvd?. The sleeve E, has attached to the upper end thereof the drive pulley e, by means of which motion is communicated to said sleeve in a direction opposite to the rotation of the shaft d, whichis driven by the drive pulley c', secured thereto directly above the upper end of the shaft sleeve E. The revolving screen shaft E, has attached at suitable points thereon the small spider frames F, which are carriedaroundI with the revolution of the sleeve, and have securely bolted to theirouter flanged endsf, the tapered hopper tube G. The tapered hopper tube G, extends inward to a point about in aline with the lower end of the sleeve E, and is of a larger diameter'at its inner open end than the outer or upper receiving end thereof, whereby a non-clogging feed of the material may be insured. The said tapered hopper tube F, not only provides means forfeeding the screen devices with the 'material to be separated, but also provides for connecting said screen devices with the shaft sleeve E, vin order that motion may be communicated to the screen devices which revolve therewith.

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posedin the same horizontal plane as thel as at h2, and to these inner flanges of the said "the drawings, the lower screen section I', is of The lower liner mesh screen section I', which The hopper F, therefore has secured to the outside thereof the screen spiders I-I, having the inner rings 7L, embracing the hopper tube and the radial series of spider arms h', extending outwardly from the rings h, and having securely attached to the outerends thereof the inner iianged ends h2, of the perforated division wings h3. The said screen spider frames II,which form the supportin g frame for the revolving screen, are suitably spaced apart so as to dispose the perforated division rings h3, a distance apart from eachother whereby the necessary-separations may be effected by the machine,and said perforated division rings h3, are disposed in horizontal planes, and nearly register with the diameter of the stationary conical casing A, at the points where theyarelocated,sothattheyinay freely turn inside of said casing, while at the same time preventing any material from Working its Way over their edges to the space below the same." As clearly illustrated in Fig. l, of the draw` ings, the perforated division ringsha, are disbottom of the tangential discharge spouts C,` which communicate with the spaces directly above said rings, thereby providing means for an easy discharge of the material, which works its way onto the rings. As noted, the inner ends of the division rings h3, are flanged rings are-secured the edges of the screen sections I and I. The screen sections I and I',` are arranged in perfect alignment so as to forma conical separating screen adapted to be rotated or revolved inside of the outer stationary casing A, and as clearly illustrated in afiner mesh than the upper section I, and forms a greater part of the separating screen, so that the dirt and other waste material may readily find escape from the machine before the good material is graded by the upper coarser screen I. It is to be understood that the rotaryscreen, formed by the aligned screen sectionsland I', is to consist of the most im, proved form of material such as perforated iron or woven wire screen cloth, and may be screen is constructed in a conical form, it will be apparent that the same results will be secured by having the periphery of the rotary screen polygonal or circular. The number of screen sections which comprise the rotary screen is of course varied according to the' number of separations to be effected, and depends entirely upon the character of the work.

has the upper edge thereof secured to the inner fiauged end of the lower one of the division rings h3, has its lower edge securely bolted to theupwardly extending attaching flange J, projecting integrally from the screen bottom diskj. The screen bottom disks j, loosely embraces the vertical screen shaft d, and nearly registers in the lower open end of the stationary casing A, so as to close in the bottom wcarries with it the dust and thereof, while at the same time freely turning therein with the screen and providing for the centrifugal discharge of thedustand fine waste material out of the lower one of the tangential discharge spouts C, which communicates with the space between the outer ring portion j `of the bottom disk beyond `its flange J, and the intermediate or lower one ofthe perforated division rings h3. While the diskj, serves to inclose the bottom of the rotary screen, the top thereof is closed in by the top canopy K, secured to and supported above the upper division ring h3, by means of the bracket legs `7c, attached thereto and to said division ring. This top canopy closes in the top discharge space of the separator and overlaps the upper edge of the outer stationary casing A, although it will be apparent that s'uch top canopy may remain stationary and be secured to the upper edge of the stationary casino. Tlhe material introduced within the interiorof the rotary screen, is distributed'againstl the i inner sides thereof by meansiof the `bottomldistributing fan and agitator L. rIlhe bottom distributing fan L, comprises the central hu-b l, securely clamped `,on the shaft d, inside of the rotary screen and at the small-end there of, and radial series of. curved spirally 1disposed distributing or fan blades Zv, theouter edges of which travel in reasonably `close proximity to the inner sides of the rotary screen, and this distributingfan Anot; only serves todistribute and throw the material out against the sides of the conical separator screen, butalso maintains an outward draft through the lower one of the tangential discharge spouts, and thereby materially assisting the discharge of dust and tine waste material. 'lhe discharge of the dust andtine waste material is mainly effected by reason of a series of exterior' discharge wings M. The exterior discharge wings M, are secured at their upper edges to the bottom of the intermediate one of the division rings kia-nd at its lower edge to the top of the bottom disk j, outside of the lower screentsection I,\soias to travel in the space between the said lower screen section and the inner sides of the stationary casing A. The said discharge wings M, are outwardly curved and spirally inclined so as to work the separated waste material toward the lower one of the tangential discharge spouts C, and also maintains Aa current or draft downward and outward which serves to keep the meshes of the rotary screen clean.

Now it is thought that the constructionand operation of the preferred form of my improved centrifugal separator machine will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Motion is first communicated to the rotary screen and the revolving distributing fan L, so. that the same will revolve in directions opposite to each other, and then the coal, or other material to be separated, is introduced through the hopper G, into the rotary screen. The material falls from the hopper onto the IOO .IIO

"bottom disk N, of the distributingfan L, such Vinto the spaces betweenV the distributing blades of the fan L, so that as the Aparts of thel machine continue to revolve, such mate-V rial will be carried around and thrown outward against the conical sides of the rotary separating screen'. As thematerial is thrown out against the sides of the screen, it is carried upward by centrifugal force, owing t the conical shape of the screen, and by reason of the same force is held against the sides of the screen. The finer or waste portion of the material being separated necessarily finds escape through the lower ner mesh portion I', of the screen,and is carried around by the wingsv M, and discharged at a tangentto the circumference of the casing A, through the ,charge spouts.

lower one of the tangential discharge spouts C. ,'Ihe material continues its ascent up the sidesof the conical screen and undergoes a second separation in the upper portion of the rotary screen, and such separated portion works out onto the lower one of the perforated division rings h3, the perforations in which allow any dirt or-small sized material, carried up to that point, to fall back into the waste space there-below, while the other portions of the material, which will' not pass through the perforatious in the rings,'are discharged tangentially through the discharge spout communicating with the space between the two rings. Finally, the largestr sizes of the material ascend entirely over the upper edge of the screen onto the upper one of the division rings h3, from which it is discharged out of the upper one of the tangential dislt is to be noted that when the y material, such as wet coal is being screened or separated, the fan L and the wings M, have a tendencyto create a current outwardly, thus drying the screen and assisting in keeping the meshes thereof free from clogs, and it is to` be understood that any number of fan blades and wings maybe employed to effectually maintain this operation.

While I have described the preferred form of my apparatus and the incident operation thereof, still it will be obvious that such forms as shown in the modification of Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 maybe observed without in any way affecting the principle ofthe invention. The construction shown in these figures is simply a direct inversion of the several parts of the'separatorherein'described. The outer casing and the inner rotary screen are supported lin inverted positions, so that the operation described for the upright construction is lthe reverse of that incident to the modified construction, in which the separation of the material begins at the upper portion of the rotary screen and works down to the lower flared end thereof, but it will of course be obvious that such material is held Aout against the sides of the screen and discharged by reason of the. same centrifugal force which effects the-separation in the preferred construction.

In view of the detailed description hereinbefore set forth it `is unnecessary to detail y the construction of the apparatus shown in the modification, for it is clearlyshown in the drawings that the ,same detailed construction is observed,1and therefore the several con-l stituent parts of the separator are provided i with the 'same letters as the corresponding parts in the preferred form.

As clearly shownv in Fig. 4 of the drawings thescreen spiders are secured directly to the vertical shaft d, so that the rotary screen may be rotated in an inverted position and the bottom ldisk or plate j, of 'the screen, is also attached tothe shaft d, in the lower open end of the stationary casing so as to revolve'with the screen as hereinbefore described. The reverse position of the several constituent parts of the' apparatus is maintained by attaching the distributing fan L, tothe shaft sleeve E in the small end of the screen, and the bottom disk N, of said fan is disposed at the 'lower edges of the blades so as to catch the material from the top 'hopper G, and thereby hold the material until itis thrown out against the sides of the screen by reason of the disposition of the fan blades and the revolution thereof. The modified construction of apparatus may also include therewith the alternate disposition of the tangentially arranged discharge spouts C, whichvare to be disposed in the most convenient positions for discharging the separated portions which pass therethrough.

Other modifications than those described might vreadily suggest themselves .to those skilled in the art, and I will therefore have it understood that any other changes in the form, proportion and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without delOO IIO

parting from the principle or sacrificing any A of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

-1. In a centrifugal separator, a stationary casing having suitably arranged side discharge spouts in different horizontal planes, and a rotary separating screen mounted to revolve inside of said casing and having a series of separated exterior discharge spaces each communicating with a. separate discharge spout, substantially as set forth.

2. In a centrifugal separator, an outer stationary casing having suitably arranged discharge spouts, a revolving conical separating screen mounted within said casing, and a revolving agitator' and distributer arranged for rotation within said screen, and located at the small end of the screen to create a draft and agitate the material out'to the sides ofl the screen, substantially as set forth.

3. In a centrifugal separator, a stationary casing having separate discharge spouts in different horizontal planes a conical rotary separating screen having separate aligned screen portions and a series ofrseparated exterior discharge spaces communicating `with thespouts, and a reversely rotating distributing fan` arranged within` one endof said screen,substantially as set forth.

4. In a separator machine, a stationary casing having a series of side discharge spouts in `diderent horizontal planes a rotating conical separating screen comprising `aligned screen sections of different mesh,and having aseries of separated exterior dischargespaces communicating with the spouts` and a reversely rotating .distributing fanmounted within :oneend of saidscreen and having-an imperforate bottom disk in the plane of` one of said discharge spouts, substantially as set forth.

5. In Lawseparator machine, a stationar i casing having a series ofrside discharge spouts in differenthorizontal planes, arrotatingconical separating `screen comprising naligned screen sections of diiferent meshfand having aseries of separated exterior discharge spaces communicatingwith the spouts, anda reversely rotating distributing fan mounted within one end of said screen and comprising a radial series of curved spirally disposed distributing blades and arranged in a plane with one of the dischargespouts, and an imperforate bottom disk connecting the lower edges of said blades, substantially-as set forth.

6. In a separator machine,a stationarycast in gI having suitably arranged side discharge spouts, a rotating separating screen mounted inside of the casing and having exterior division rings forming separate discharge spaces, a reversely rotating distributing fan mounted Within the line mesh portion of the screen, and an exterior series of discharge wings secured exteriorly to the fine meshl portion of the screen, substantially as set forth.

7. In a separator machine, astationary conical casing, atop and bottom inclosed rotating separating screen mounted inside of the casing and having exterior division rings, certain of which are perforated, a reversely rotating distributieer fan mounted within one end of the screen, an exterior series of discharge wings outwardly curved and spirally inclined, `and suitably arranged tangential discharge spouts communicating with the spaces between said division rings, substantially as set forth.

8. In a centrifugal separator, a stationary conical casing having suitably arranged tangential discharge spouts, a rotary separating screen mounted within said casing and having exterior discharge spaces each communieating with one of said discharge spouts, a hopper tube arranged centrally within and at the top of said screenl a reversely rotating distributing fan mounted within the screen below the hopper, and an exterior series of stationary conical casing spil-ally inclined discharging "wings secured exteriorly to theiine `mesh `portiorrof the screen, substantially as set forth.

9. In a centrifugal separator, a stationary `conicalcasing havingrsuitablyarranged tanspouts, a tapered hopper tube-supported centrally within the top portion of the screen and rotating therewith, an independent reversely rotating distributing fan mounted within the lower portion of the screen below said hopper tubeand -an exteriorseries of "curved and spirally inclined discharge wings-arranged between thetwo lower-division rings, substantially asset forth.

10. In a centrifugal separatona stationary conical casing open ati both ends and having suitably arranged .sidegdischarge spouts, a vertical screen kshaftihavinga supporting collar intermediate .of its tends, a` shaftsleeve turning `loosely on theshaftand restingat its lower end on thesupporting col1ar,iatapered hopper tube attached to said sleeve and turning therewith, a rotary separating screen supported in position within thecasing `and attached to `saidvhoppcr tube,a separate and independent distributing fan mounted on the shaft inside of the rotatingscreen, and suit- ?blendischarge devices, substantially asset ort 11. In a separator machine, a stationary conical casing having tangential discharge spouts, a suitablyarranged step bearing, a tubular vertical shaftstepped `at its lower end in said bearing and having `an interme diate supporting collar and an oil hole adjacent to the collar, a reversely rotating shaft sleeve loosely turning on said shaft above its collar, small spider frames attached to said sleeve, a hopper tube secured to said spider frames, a rotating separating screen supported from said hopper tube` and having exterior division rings at the terminals` of each different mesh and a flanged bottom disk having an outer ring portion,l the distributing and discharge devices, and the top canopy supported in position over the upper open end of the screen and said casing, substan tially as set forth.

12. In a centrifugal separator machine, a having tangential discharge spouts, a suitably stepped vertical shaft, a reversely rotating shaft sleeve turning ou said shaft, the hopper tube attached to said shaft sleeve, screen spiders embracing said hopper tube and having a. radial series of spider arms, fianged division rings secured to the outer ends of said spider arms, a bottom disk loosely turning on the Vshaft and having an upwardly extending attaching flange, the aligned conical screen sections of different mesh having their edges secured to the iiange IIO of the bottom disk and those of said division rings, and the discharge devices, substantiallyk as set forth.

13. In a separator machine, a stationary conical casing having a series ot' tangential discharge spouts arranged in different horizontal planes, and a rotary conical screen mounted Within the casing and having a series of separated exterior discharge spaces

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