US517361A - pomeroy - Google Patents

Description

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J. U. POMEROY.

LAMP

No. 517,361. Patented Mar. 27, 1894;

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J.U.POMEROY. LAMP.

N0.517;361, I Patented Mar. 27,1894.

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* UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES'U. POMEROY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONEQHALF TO CHARLES s. UPTON, OF SAME PLAoE.

LIAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 517,361, dated March 27, 1894.

I Application filed July 21,1893.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES U. POMEROY, a citizen of the United States, residing .in the city and county of New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates generally, to lamps, and particularly to street lamps or lanterns wherein kerosene or other illuminating oil is used to supply the flame, the lamp being particularly designed for use with a central draft burner of the class represented by the well- 7 known Rochester burner.

The objects of my invention are, first, to produce a street lamp or lantern which shall be adapted for use with a central draft burner; second, to devise a lamp which shall not be affected by wind or drafts; third, to devise a lamp which may be easily and cheaply constructed, and which shall be strong, durable, and not liable to derangement; fourth, to render the lamp easy of access for the purpose of cleaning, filling, and trimming the wick; and fifth, to provide I means for preventing the entrance of insects into the lamp. These'objects are attained in the lamp herein described and illustrated in the drawings which accompany and form a part of this application, in which the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts, and in Which-- Figure 1 is a side elevation of my street lamp. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation of the lamp taken through the center thereof, the elevated position of the globe being shown in dotted lines. I Fig. 3 is a partly sectional elevation of my street lamp, modified slightly to permit of the use of a gas burner, and Fig. 4 is a view of a developed portion of the perforated chimney of the street lamp, showing the variation in size of the perforations of the chimney from top to bottom, as is hereinafter described. For convenience of illustration, this figure shows but one vertical row of perforations, the positions ofthe perforations of other rows being shown by fine crosslines.

1n the figures, 1 is the base of the lamp, and

Serial No. 481,154. (No model.)

vis preferably round. Itis fitted with a cylindrical boss 2 at its top.

3 is the oil tank or reservoir, the sides of which extend downward below the bottom, forming a collar 4, which fits over the boss 2 of the base 1, forming the means for holding the oil reservoir in place. The reservoir is provided with a burner 5, which is preferably of the central draft type, and has a chimney 6. The oil reservoir contains a central draft tube 7, which communicates with the central draft tube of the burner and with an air chamber 8 in the base of the lamp, below the oil reservoir. It is through this tube that air is supplied to the inner portion of the flame. Above the top of the chimney 6 is a cylinder 9, of sheet metal. Two tubes 10, 10, at the sidesof the lamp, connect this cylinder with the air chamber 8 in the base of the lamp. These tubes correspond to the side tubes of the ordinary tubular lantern. They tend to reduce the disturbance of the flame by drafts,

since they equalize the pressure below'and above the burner. These tubes likewise serve assupports for the upper'portion of the lamp. Above the top of the cylinder 9 is a cap, 11, supported therefrom, and depending from this cap, and inclosed within thecylinder 9, is a perforated chimney of sheet metal.

Inclosing the burner 5 and chimney 6, and the end of the perforated chimney 12, is a transparent globe 13. Its top fitssomewhat closely against the chimney 12., Its bottom is inclosed by two perforated rings or collars, 14: and 15, through which air enters into the interior of the globe. The bottom of the globe is provided with a bead, 16, which rests upon the top of the collar 5 and thus supports the I globe. Air to supply the outer portion of the flame is taken from the interior of the globe 13, air passing into this globe through the perforated collars 14 and 15, as just stated. To supply air to the inner part of the flame, openings 18,18, closed with gauze, are provided at the bends in the tubes 10, 10, and the sides of these tubes may be perforated at 19, 19, as shown,to further facilitate the entrance of air into these tubes. The air passes through the tubes 10,10, into the chamber 8, and thence upward through the'tube7 to the flame. r

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The upper end of the perforated chimney 12 is closed. It may be closed by the cap 11, or the chimney may be extended up through this cap, as shown, and may be provided with one or more other caps 11, the height of the chimney being determined by the amount of chimney opening required. The caps 11 and 11, and the cylinder 9, shield the chimney from-the direct action of the wind and from rain drops and the like. It will be noticed that there are no large openings leading to the interior of the lamp, all of the openings being closed by gauze, which divides up the entering current of air into a number of minute currents which unite within the lamp, while the caps 11 and 11 and the cylinder 9 prevent any current of air from acting directly upon any portion of chimney 12. The bottom of the globe 13 likewise serves to protect the opening there, since the air, after passing through collar 15, must pass under the end of the globe and then up through the perforations in collar 14. The effect of this is to render the lamp entirely unaffected by drafts or currents of air, as any current, no matter how strong, is broken up and disseminated by the small openings through which it is obliged to pass, the air being thus distributed uniformly throughout the lamp.

The perforations in the chimney 12 should preferably increase gradually in size from the bottom to the top of the chimney, as the greater portion of the products of combustion will naturally pass out at the top of the chim ney, while the danger of disturbance to the flame by currents of air is less at the top of the chimney than at the bottom. This fea ture is shown in Fig. 4.

For cleaning the burner 5 and chimney 6, and for trimming the wick, as well as for 1i ghting the lamp, it is desirable to gain access to the interior of the lamp. To this end, the

globe 13 is arranged to slide upward upon the perforated chimney 12, which, since it fits closely to the globe, forms a sufficient guide therefor. The globe may be raised far enough to permit of removing the chimney 6 entirely. The oil reservoir 3 may likewise be removed by lifting it from the boss 2 of the base 1.

To support the globe 13 in its elevated position I have provided a support 20, one end of. which is looped so as to pass under the lower edge of theglobe and grasp the same. The other end of this support is attached to a block 21 which slides in the grooved guide 22 secured to the inner side of one of the tubes 10. Aspring catch 23 is provided which engages the end of this block 22 when the support is at the extreme upward position, and holds the support in that position. When it is desired to permit the globe to descend the catch 23 is pressed inward, and the globe and support will fall. The lower end of the cylinder 9 is provided with a reflector 2 1 which reflects downward the light which would otherwise pass upward and be lost.

The base of the lamp may be formed so that it may be seeuredto asuitable post, or it may be so formed as to fit over the top of a post. Or the lamp may be arranged to be hung from above, and the smaller sizes may be adapted to be carried in the hand.

It is obvious that while this lamp is particularly. designed for use with an oil burner, it would work equally well, and would give equally good results, if a gas burner of any suitable type be substituted for the oil burner. Such ala mp is shown in Fig. 3. The construction of this lamp is in all respects the same as that of Figs. 1 and 2, except that since the lamp is used for gas, the oil reservoir of the first form of lamp is removed, and the gauze collars 14 and 15 are directly attached to the base 1. The lamp here shown is arranged to be supported upon a post (though it may of course be supported otherwise in any manner common in other forms of gas lamps), and the gas supply pipe passes upward through the base.

From the above description, the operation of my lamp is obvious. Air to supply the flame enters through the collars 1 1 and 15, and through the various perforations in the tubes 10, air being thussupplied both to the outside and inside of the flame. The products of combustion rise through the chimneysfi and 12 and pass outthrough the perforations in the latter.

It will ordinarily be the case that more air than is required by theflame willenter the globe through the perforated collars 14 and 15. This surplus air passesupwardbetween the globe 13 and the chimney 6 into the chimney 12, and so out. In this wayheating of the globe is prevented, and danger of cracking of the globe through contact of a heated surface with water is avoided. Sinceall of the openings in the interior of the lamp are of small size, the entrance of. insects to the interior of the lamp is prevented and the labor required in cleaning the lamp is there by greatly reduced.

Having thus completely described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a lamp, the combination, with a transparent globe inclosing the burner: or other source of illumination, ofa chimney closed at the top and perforated to permitof the es cape of the products of combustion therefrom, and adapted to guide theglobewhen the same is elevated to permit ofaccessto the interior of the lamp, substantially as described.

2. In a lamp, thecombinatiomwith theoil reservoirand burner, anda transparent globe inclosing the burner, of achimney entering the top of said globe and adapted to :guide the globe when the same is elevated to permit of access to the interior of the lamp, and having its topclosed and its sides perforated to permit ofthe escape of the products of combustion therefrom, substantially as described.

3. In a lamp, the combination, with the oil too reservoir and burner, and a transparent globe inclosing the burner, of a chimney closed at the top and perforated to permit of the esof the lamp, and means for protecting saidchimney from the direct action of blasts of air, substantially as described.

4. In a lamp, the combination, with a transparent globe inclosing the burner or other source of illumination, of a chimney, perforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion therefrom, and, adapted to guide the globe when the same is elevated to permit of access to the interior of the lamp,

. and a catch for holding the globe in its elevated position, substantially as described.

. 5. In a lamp, the combination, with the oil reservoir and burner, and a transparent globe inclosing the burner, of two perforated collars, 14 and 15, inclosing the lower end of said globe and adapted to admit air to the interior of said globe, and a chimney, closed at the top and perforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion therefrom, and adapted to guide the globe when the same 1s elevated to permit of access to the intenor of the lamp, substantially as described.

6. In alamp, the combination, with a base having within it an air chamber, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and provided with a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communication with said air chamber, of atransparent globe inclosing said burner, a chimney entering the upper end of said globe, closed at the top, and perforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion therefrom, means for admitting air to the interior of said globe, and side tubes 10 supporting said chimney and communicating with said air chamber, and provided with perforations to permit of the entrance of air into said air chamber, substantially as described.

7. In a lamp, the combination, with a base havingwithin it an air chamber 8, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and provided with a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communication with said air chamber, of a transparent globe inclosing said burner, a cylinder 9 above said globe, side tubes supporting said cylinder and communicating with thespace within said cylinder and with the air chamber 8, and a chimney 12, supported from said cylinder 9 and entering the top of said globe, and having its top closed and its sides perforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion, substantially as described.

8. In a lamp, the combination, with a base having within it an air chamber 8, and an oil reservoir superposed over said base and provided with a central draft burner and a draft tube therefor in communication with said air chamber, of a transparent globe inclosing said burner, a cylinder 9 above said globe, side tubes supporting said cylinder and communicating therewith and with the air chamber 8, a chimney 12 supported from said cylinder 9 and entering the top of the globe, and adapted to serve as a guide therefor when the globe is elevated, and having its top closed and its sides perforated to permit of the escape of the products of combustion therefrom, and means for holding said globe in said elevated position, substantially as described.

9. In a lamp, the combination, with the base 1 having the air chamber 8 and the cylindrical boss 2, and the oil reservoir 3 having a central draft burner and a drafttube 7 therefor, and having a collar 4 adapted to fit over said boss 2, ofthe globe 13 inclosing said burner, a perforated chimney 12 supported from the body of the lamp and entering the top of said globe 13, means for introducing air into the air chamber 8, and the perforated collars 14 and 15, inclosing the lower end of the globe 13, and adapted to admit air to the interior of said globe, substantially as described.

JAMES U. POMEROY.

Witnesses:

. H. M. MARBLE,

CHARLES F. DAVIES.

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