US515331A - Blowing engine ob gompeessoe - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 7 e sheets -sheet 1. W. RGOOD. BLOWING ENGINE OR GOMPRESSOR.

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. B. GOOD. BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

No. 515,331. Patented Feb. 27, 1894 nnnnnnnnnnnn HOGRAPHKNG cum-Ami,

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- W. E. GOOD.

BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

llll II III I MHIIH'HI Ill- (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. E. GOOD. BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR. No. 515,331. Patented Feb. 27,1894.

In: NATIONAL umoenpnma commvmswm'rou. c.

(No ModeI.) e Sheets-Sheet 5. W. E. GOOD.

BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

No. 515,331. Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

F1910. F1 G (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.-

W. E. GOOD. BLOWING ENGINE 0R COMPRESSOR.

No. 515,331. Patented Feb. 27, 1894.

i1 Nrrnn STATES Parent \VILLIAM. E. GOOD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SOUTHWARK FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

BLOWING-ENGINE OR COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 515,331, dated February 2'7, 1894. Application filed August 8, 1892. Serial NOJMZABQ. (No model.)

To a whont it nwty concern: between the tub and the steam cylinder, be-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. GOOD, of ing attached to the piston F in the tub, and the city and county of Philadelphia, State of to a similar piston in the steam cylinder. Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new All the above parts being familiar in con- 5 and useful Improvement in BlowingEngines struction I have not thought it necessary to or Compressors, of which the following is a show them in detail, except that in Fig. 2 I true and exact description, reference being show a portion of the cross-head indicated by had to the accompanying drawings, forming the letter F as having a special construction a part of this specification. which I will hereinafter describe. to My invention relates to blowing engines or On each head of the tub is acasing H which compressors, and has for its object to simplify forms a receiver for the compressed air, H H? and improve the construction and mode of indicating the chambers through which the operation of such engines; particularly, with air is admitted to the tub H. reference to the valves through which the air 1 indicates the admission valve which is of I5 is discharged from the main cylinder, or tub, the gridiron type working over a series of as it is generally called. slot-like openings in each end of the tub. J The nature of my improvement will be best indicates the discharge valve which is also a understood as described in connection with gridiron valve of the same general character the drawings in which it is illustrated and in as the valve I, and I will here note that these 20 whichvalves, and especially the delivery valves, Figure 1 is an elevation of a blowing enshould be constructed in accordance with my gine provided with my improvements; Fig. 2 Patent No. 381,876 of April 24., 1888, that is a vertical section through the discharge valve to say, the valves should be given a certain taken on the lineocznof Fig.4; Fig. 2 acrossamount of play between their seats on the 25 section through the valve and its bearings head of the tub, and their back hearings intaken on the line 2 z of Fig. 4.; Fig. 3 a secdicated by. the letter j, so that as described in tion through the admission valve taken on my said patent they will be lifted from their the line y 'y of Fig. 4; Fig. 4a horizontal secseats when the pressure within the tub extion taken on the line o o of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is ceeds that within the receiver. 0 a diagram illustrating the movements of the Referring now to the admission valve, 1 crank of the engine; Figs. 6, 7, S, and 9 views indicates the valve spindle by which it is illustrating the various positions of the disactuated; this spindle is attached at its end charge valve and its connected mechanism to a cross-head Q supported on guide Q, and corresponding with the various points'ofthe provided with an oblique curved slot Q 5 movement of the crank. Fig. 10 is a diagram into which slot extends a pin preferably proagain illustrating various positions of the vided with a roller R attached to the end of crank; Figs. 11, 12, 13 and 14 views illustrata lever B which in turn is secured to a rock ing the different positions of the admission shaft 1. From this rock-shaft extends a levalve corresponding with different positions ver arm R which by means of a rod R is con- 40 of the crank, and Fig. 15 is a view illustratnected with the arm R of a pivoted belling a simple modification of my invention. crank-lever R R", the arm R of which is con- A indicates the foundation of the engine, nected by means of a rod R with a lever R B the frame thereof, on which is suitably supwhich lever is pivotally attached at one end ported the main shaft C, having crank C, to aportion of the connecting rod E, as shown 5 and the fly-wheel or wheels D. Supported on by a projecting toe E of the said connecting u the frame are the steam cylinder G and the rod; and the other end of rod R is suitably main cylinder or tub of the compressor H. supported as shown, for instance, in a .piv- E indicates one of the connecting rods eX- oted guide-block R in which itis free to slide. tending from the crank to pins F secured to The novel features of this construction con- :00 50 a suitably guided cross-head, which in turn sist essentially in dispensing with connections is secured to the piston rod F which extends to an eccentric on the shaft and communicating motion to the admission valve from the end of a connecting rod E. It will be readily seen that the desired motion is obtained by the mechanism I have described, and obviously the simplicity of this arrangement is advantageous not only in diminishing the cost but in eliminating a number of connections with the crank shaft, which are more or less in the way. This feature, however, is claimed in another application filed by me August 15, 1892, Serial No. 443,146, and in this case Will only be claimed in combination with the devices for actuating the discharge valve. Slot Win the cross-head Q is formed of a curved portion q corresponding in curvature with the are described by the pin in the end of lever B, and a portion q of different curvature, or, as shown, having a straight up and down direction.

Referring now to Figs. to 14, Fig. 11 represents the position of the valve and its actuatingdevices when the crank C is in the position represented by win the diagram Fig.

10. As the crank moves downward the lever arm R also moves downward, and acting on the straight part of groove Q pulls the crosshe'ad Q outward opening the admission valve attached to it as indicated in Fig. 12, which represents the position of the valve when the crank is at the. point marked 1) in the diagram. As the crank continues to move do wnward the lever arm R moves gradually upward closing the valve, which, however, is not entirely closed until the crank reaches the position marked 0 in the diagram, with which Fig. 13 corresponds. The further or upward and downward movement of the lever arm R corresponding with the movement of the crank from 0 through d to a effects no change in the position of the valve as it is movingin the circular arc of the slot Q Fig. 14:, repree senting the position of the valve and its parts corresponding to the crank position indicated at d.

Referring now to the discharge valve and the mechanism for actuating it, these valves are attached to valve rods J which extend through suitable stuffing boxes indicated at J and are attached to pistons K, which pistons are situated in cylinders L, the pistons being preferably formed or connected with plunger extensions K which extend through a somewhat contracted end L of the'cylinder L. M is a passage or conduit which leads from the tub to cylinder L. In Figs. 2 aud t it is provided with an opening M leading into the head of the tub, an opening M ,communicatin g with'a passage L leading into the end 'of cylinder L, and an exhaust opening M and a lining N is secured in this conduit or casing, said lining being open at both ends and provided with proper orifices N communicating with the passage M. In the lining N works a valve 0 operated by means of a rod 0 and lever arm 0 connected to a rockshaft P which shaft is operated by means of a lever or levers as indicated at O or 0 vers which actuate the rock-shaft at the top of the tub bya rod 0 and, of course, the levers O and O on the one shaft and the levers O and O on the other shaft are so arranged that their motion is inverted as to each other, because, the motion-of the valves 0 and of other parts to whichIshallhereinafter refer, occuralternately at the top and bottom of-the tub; At the back end of the cylinder L is an escape passage L which may or may not be provided with a regulating cock as shown, and in front of it are other escape passages L P P are wipers secured to the rock-shaft P and arranged to come against the end of the plunger extension K of the piston K.

Referring now to the diagrams Figs. 5 to 9, Fig. 6 represents the position of the valve 0 when the crank O is at the position marked A in the diagram Fig. 5. It will be seen that in this position the wipers are turned back away from the end of the plungerextens'ion K Fig. 7 represents the position of the valve when the crank is at the point marked B in the diagram, and it will be seen considering Figs. 2 and 4 in connection with Fig. 7 that while the crank is moving from Ato B there is a connection through the port 'M,cas"ing N, the port M and the port L between the interior of the tub and the adjoining or front end of cylinder L, and during these movements of the crank, and while the piston is moving from the point indicated in Fig. 6 to the point indicated in Fig. 7, the pressure-of air in the tub is suflicient, acting upon the broad face K of the piston K to force it'ba'ck- IIO ward or away from the tub and open the'discharge valve J. As this motion of the piston and valve is very violent and sudden, and as the parts have very considerable weight, I find it advisable to avoid undue shock to provide restricted orifices L somewhat in advance of the back end of the cylinder -L, so that the air contained in the annular chamber Z at the back of the piston will serve as a cushion to take up and overcome the momentum of the parts, and yet, be free to escape after having served its purpose, so that it will not tend to close the discharge valve, and in addition I have the air cushion in the extreme rear of the'cylind'er with its escape passage L serving the same purpose. As the crank moves from the point B to the point marked C the connection between the tub and cylinder is cut off by the valve 0, which as it moves forward toward the tub opens the connection between the port M and the atmosphere, so that the compressed air in cylinder L is free to escape, but at the same time, it willbe noted that the wipers P have not yet come in contact with the back of the plunger extensions K this contact, however, occurs at or about the position of the crank indicated at C (see Figs. 5 and 8), and as the crank moves from O to D the wipers move gradually forward until at the point D they have pushed the piston K back to the front end of the cylinder and entirely closed the discharge valve, or at least, closed it as far as its gridiron feature is concerned, the play of the valve upon its seat permitting aslight opening even after it is so closed.

The success and efficiency of the construction which I have above described depend largely upon a number of rather obscure conditions. It might be supposed that the discharge valve operated by the mechanism I have described would be opened so early in the movement of the tub piston toward it that the air in the receiver would flow back into the tub; this, however, is not the case; because, in the first place, the compressed air in moving the valve has to overcome the frictional resistance offered by the adhesion of the discharge valve to its seat under the pressure of the air in the receiver; this latter factor,'of course, diminishes as the pressure in the tub increases, but by properly proportioning the area of the piston K it is sufficient to prevent the Opening of the valve too soon; and I have ascertained that though the discharge valve be open while the pressure of the receiver is still greater than that in the tub, there will be no appreciable flow of air back into the tub, because, before the air can get in motion, the rapidly moving tub piston will have compressed the air in the tub to a point equal to or in excess of the pressure in the receiver. I may say that, to a certain extent, my invention is based upon my discovery of the above facts.

Obviously the device is operative when no exhaust passage leads from the conduit M, the wipers then pushing the valve shut against the resistance of the air in cylinder L and forcing it back into the tub. In this case the opening of conduit M into the tub is conveniently situated as shown in Fig. 15, so that when the piston F is at the end of the stroke the conduit will exhaust into the tub behind it. In this construction no valve 0 is necessary, but such a valve is convenient as a means of regulating the time of admission to cylinder L with respect to the position of the tub piston F in its stroke.

In speaking of the closing of the discharge valve I refer to it as taking place at the end of the stroke of the compressing piston, but do not mean to limit myself to a simultaneous operation. In fact, while the valve begins to close some time before the piston F reaches the end of its stroke I find it convenient not to entirely close it until said piston has moved back about half an inch, in an engine having a five foot stroke.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a blowing engine or compressor the combination with the tub, of a discharge valve, a receiver, a cylinder connected with the tub but not with the receiver, a piston working in said cylinder and connected with the discharge valve, said tub and cylinder, the port connecting them and the piston working in the cylinder being combined as described, and so that the pressure in the tub will act directly against the valve piston in a direction to open the valve and positively actuated mechanism driven by moving parts of the engine arranged to close the discharge valve at the end of the stroke of the compressing piston.

2. In a blowing engine or compressor the combination with the tub, of a discharge valve, a cylinder L, a piston working in said cylinder and connected with the discharge valve, a conduit M connected with the tub and the cylinder L as described, a valve 0 working in said conduit so as to alternately connect and disconnect cylinder L with the tub, means for actuating said valve connected with moving parts of the engine so as to connect the tub and cylinder during the motion of the compressor piston toward the discharge valve, and means adapted to close the dis.- charge valve also connected with the moving parts of the engine and so as to close the valve at the end of the compressing stroke of the piston.

3. In a blowing engine or compressor the combination with the tub, of a discharge valve, a cylinder L, a piston working in said cylinder and connected with the discharge valve, a conduit M connecting with the tub, the cylinder L and the exhaust as described, a valve 0 working in said conduit so as to alternately connect cylinder L with the tub and the exhaust, means for actuating said valve connected with moving parts of the engine so as to connect the tub and cylinder L during the motion of the compressor piston toward the discharge valve, and means adapted to close the discharge valve, also connected with moving parts of the engine and so as to close the valve at the end of the compressing stroke of the piston.

4. In a blo'wing engine or compressor the combination with the tub, of a discharge valve a cylinder L having a plunger piston working in it and connected to the discharge valve, a conduit M connecting with the tub, the end of cylinder L, and the exhaust as described, a valve 0 working in said chamber so as to alternately connect cylinder L with the tub and the exhaust, means for actuating said valve connected with the moving parts of the engine so as to connect the tub and cylinder L during the motion of the com pressor piston toward the discharge valve, means adapted to close the discharge valve also connected with moving parts of the en gine, and so as to. close the valve at the end of the compressing stroke of the piston, and

cylinder and ,connected with the discharge 1 valve, positively actuated mechanism arranged to close the discharge valve and force the piston back in its cylinder, and an air chamber-connected with thecylinder and .provided with a restricted orificefo-r the escape of air, said chamber being arranged as described to check the backward motion of th valve'a-nd piston attached thereto.

6. Ina blowing engine. or compressor the combination the tub,- of adischarge valve, a cylinder L,a piston working in said cylinder and connected with the discharge valve,-;-acond'uit M connecting with the tub, the cylinderLan'd.the exhaustgavalve 0 working-in said casing, a rock shaft P having secured-(to it a lever 0 connected with valve Oan'd-one or more wipers-P arranged to act on piston K as described, and mechanism connecting said rock shaft with'a moving part of the engine to actuate it as described.

7. In a blowing engine or compressor the combination with the tub,of a discharge valve, a cylinder L, a piston K working in said cylinder and connected with the discharge.

valve, a conduit M connected with the tub, the cylinderL and the exhaust, a valve 0 working in said conduit, a rock shaft 1??having secured to it a. lever 0 connected with valve O,and one or more wipers P'arranged toact-on-piston K as described, anda piston rod connected withthe main compressing piston, a pivoted in the tub increases, positively actuated me'ehanisrn arranged to close the discharge valve at proper-times, a connecti'n'g rod E extending from the crank of the engine, a lever B pivot'ally secured to said-rod orextens'ion thereof at one-end, andhavi'ng-its other end supported so as to permit longitudinal motion, a crosshead Q attached to the admission valve, a rock shaft 4" having a lever arm R connected with the cross-head as described, and means substantia'lly as specified forcommunicatingmotion from lever B to rock shaft 4.

I W. E. GOOD. Witnesses:

H. V. TOMLINSON,

LEWIS R. DICK.

Images