US510341A - Composition and process of producing same for commutator-brushes - Google Patents
Composition and process of producing same for commutator-brushes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US510341A US510341A US510341DA US510341A US 510341 A US510341 A US 510341A US 510341D A US510341D A US 510341DA US 510341 A US510341 A US 510341A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- brushes
- commutator
- sections
- producing same
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010458 rotten stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- Our invention relates particularly to that class of commutator brushes which are composed of one or more sections, bars or strips of the lubricating and scouring composition hereinafter particularly described, and of one or more metallic strips or sections which afford a metallic contact with the commutator and increase the conductivity of the brush.
- the metallic portion of the brush maybe applied to the composition by electro-deposition or otherwise in the form of an enveloping cas1ng or in the form of intermediate strips, bars or plates as specified in an application made and filed by us of even date herewith, Serial No. 159,936.
- Our present invention consists essentially of the lubricating and scouring composition above referred to and of the process of producing the same.
- the bars, strips or sections after being formed of the desired shape and dimensions, are preferably heated until they begin to smoke, thus partially carbonizing the starch contained therein, and are then immersed in hot wax, one pound of the composition to about three ounces of wax, which binds the graphite together and prevents its dissolution or disintegration in the plating bath. They are then placed in a bath and plated with copper or other suitable metal. After they have been plated with metal they are assembled in brushes when the brushes are composed of a plurality of sections, and bound together by a casing or coating of electrically deposited or mechanically applied metal.
- the brushes thus formed are baked or burned to complete the carbonization of the starch contained in the composition, and are then immersed in hot wax and permitted to absorb as much as they will hold.
- the Wax serves as a binder to hold the graphite together and prevent its disintegration and the formation by the abrading action of the commutator of a powder which tends to fill the interstices between the commutator sections and thereby short circuit the machine.
- the composition bars, strips or sections are not to be plated by the electro-deposition of metal, but are to be employed without metal or with metallic conducting parts, the preliminary baking and soaking in Wax for the purpose of putting them in suitable condition for the plating bath are omitted.
- scouring material may be used as an ingredient of the composition, and the proportions thereof to the other ingredients of the composition will be varied according to the quality of the scouring material, more of the finer and less of the coarser and more gritty varieties being used.
- the starch serves mainly, if not entirely, as a binder for holding the pulverized graphite together and preserving the form which is given to it during the subsequent steps of the process, and that being subsequently reconverted by the baking or burning operation into carbon the finished product is composed essentially, if not on- ICO tire1y, of graphite, a small proportion of a more or less gritty scouring substance like or similar to those hereinbefore mentioned, and wax which serves as a permanent binder for holding the other ingredients together in proper form.
- brushes may be made of one or more sect-ions either with or without the metallic portions constructed and arranged as hereinbefore set forth.
- composition for commutator brushes which consists in forming a stifi paste of pulverized graphite, a scouring substance, starch and water; forming the paste thus produced into bars, strips or sections of the desired shape and dimensions, in then baking or burning them until
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OEEicE.
ROBERT HIRSUH AND HERMAN MEMINGER, OF MILlVAUKEE, lVISCONSlN.
COMPOSITION AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING SAME FOR COMMUTATOR-BRUSHES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 510,341, dated December 5, 1893.
Application filed January 28,1893.
10 (0U whom it may concern.-
Be it known that we, ROBERT HIRSCH and HERMAN MEMINGER, of Milwaukee, in the countyof Milwaukee and State of \Visconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compositions and P'rocesses of Producing the Samefor Comm utator-Brushes; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.
Our invention relates particularly to that class of commutator brushes which are composed of one or more sections, bars or strips of the lubricating and scouring composition hereinafter particularly described, and of one or more metallic strips or sections which afford a metallic contact with the commutator and increase the conductivity of the brush. The metallic portion of the brush maybe applied to the composition by electro-deposition or otherwise in the form of an enveloping cas1ng or in the form of intermediate strips, bars or plates as specified in an application made and filed by us of even date herewith, Serial No. 159,936.
Our present invention consists essentially of the lubricating and scouring composition above referred to and of the process of producing the same.
To produce our improved composition we make a paste of starch, taking about two ounces of starch to twelve ounces of water and boiling the same together; into this paste we introduce about one pound of pulverized or powdered graphite containing from two to four ounces of tripoli, pumice stone or other similar scouring material, and mix the same thoroughly into a thick paste, which is then pressed in molds or otherwise formed into bars, strips or sections of the desired shape and dimensions. The bars, strips or sections thus produced are then baked to burn and carbonize the starch, and finally they are immersed in hot beeswax, paraihne or other suitable wax, until they have absorbed as much as they will hold. The sections are now ready for use and may be assembled in a brush with the metallic conducting portions as above stated. When the metal is to be applied to the composition by electro-depo- Scria1Nol59,987. (No specimens.)
sition the bars, strips or sections, after being formed of the desired shape and dimensions, are preferably heated until they begin to smoke, thus partially carbonizing the starch contained therein, and are then immersed in hot wax, one pound of the composition to about three ounces of wax, which binds the graphite together and prevents its dissolution or disintegration in the plating bath. They are then placed in a bath and plated with copper or other suitable metal. After they have been plated with metal they are assembled in brushes when the brushes are composed of a plurality of sections, and bound together by a casing or coating of electrically deposited or mechanically applied metal. The brushes thus formed are baked or burned to complete the carbonization of the starch contained in the composition, and are then immersed in hot wax and permitted to absorb as much as they will hold. The Wax serves as a binder to hold the graphite together and prevent its disintegration and the formation by the abrading action of the commutator of a powder which tends to fill the interstices between the commutator sections and thereby short circuit the machine. When, however, the composition bars, strips or sections are not to be plated by the electro-deposition of metal, but are to be employed without metal or with metallic conducting parts, the preliminary baking and soaking in Wax for the purpose of putting them in suitable condition for the plating bath are omitted.
As above stated dilterent kinds of scouring material may be used as an ingredient of the composition, and the proportions thereof to the other ingredients of the composition will be varied according to the quality of the scouring material, more of the finer and less of the coarser and more gritty varieties being used.
It will be observed from the foregoing explanation of the process of producing the composition that the starch serves mainly, if not entirely, as a binder for holding the pulverized graphite together and preserving the form which is given to it during the subsequent steps of the process, and that being subsequently reconverted by the baking or burning operation into carbon the finished product is composed essentially, if not on- ICO tire1y, of graphite, a small proportion of a more or less gritty scouring substance like or similar to those hereinbefore mentioned, and wax which serves as a permanent binder for holding the other ingredients together in proper form.
It is obvious that brushes may be made of one or more sect-ions either with or without the metallic portions constructed and arranged as hereinbefore set forth.
1. The process of producing a composition for commutator brushes which consists in forming a stifi paste of pulverized graphite, a scouring substance, starch and water; forming the paste thus produced into bars, strips or sections of the desired shape and dimensions, in then baking or burning them until
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US510341A true US510341A (en) | 1893-12-05 |
Family
ID=2579168
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US510341D Expired - Lifetime US510341A (en) | Composition and process of producing same for commutator-brushes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US510341A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030084270A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 2003-05-01 | Transmeta Corp. | System and method for translating non-native instructions to native instructions for processing on a host processor |
-
0
- US US510341D patent/US510341A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030084270A1 (en) * | 1992-03-31 | 2003-05-01 | Transmeta Corp. | System and method for translating non-native instructions to native instructions for processing on a host processor |
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