US510170A - George gerrard - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

G. GERRARD. APPARATUS FOR BURNING HYDROGARBON OR OTHER OILS.

No. 510,170. Patented Dec. 5, 1893.

, "UNITEo STATES-PATENT OF ICE.

. APPARATUS. FOR BU srnorrrcarron forming. part a Letters Patent Application filed December 22, 1890. Serial No. 875,542. lNo

sumo I-IYVDROCARBON on GEORGE eERRARnoFoLAscow, SCOTLAND, ASSIGNOR TO John 0. WILSON a 00., or SAME PLACE.

OT HER OILS.

m.51o,17o, dated December 5, 1893. model.) liatentedln England December 7,21889, No. 19,780.

I To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE GERRAnD,-a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Glasgow, in, the ounty of Lanark, Scotland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for-Bu rnin g Hydrocarbon or other Oils, (for jwhich I' have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 19,730,

dated December 7, 1889,) of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact descfiption, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for burn-' ing hydro-carbon and other oils, and has for its object the improvement of the construction, durability and efliciency of such apparatus. Y

To these ends, it consists in combining a vertically arranged vaporizing coil with an oil reservoir by means of a goose neck or siphon shaped pipe, so that the oil shall enter the coil in an opposite direction from that from which it proceeds from the-reservoir and be vaporized as it gradually descends in the coil; also in the combination with a vaporizing coil whether arranged parallel to or at right angles with the oil 'reservoinof a burner et arranged to discharge centrally through the convolutions of said coil and affixed to the extended end of the lowest convolution, and

-a mixing and burning chamber of appropriate dimensions relatively to the diameter and length of the vaporizing coil and surrounding the same closely, said mixing and burning chamber being open at one end and closed at.

' its other end and provided at the latter with an annular series of air apertures, and a rotating sleeve having a similar annular series of air apertures adapted to register therewith; also in the combination with the oil reservoir and the connecting tube, of a two-way port between ,the same communicating with the air and with the oil respectively, and valves to close either or both of said ports atwill.-

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, inwhich like letters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, Figure 1 is an elevation of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is'a detached view partly in elevation and partly in section, showing the goose neck connecting tube, the mixing and burning chamber and the vaporizing coil and its burner jet. Fig. 3'is a top or plan view of the same on a larger scale. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the oil reservoir and the two-way port between the same and the connecting tube; and, Fig. 5 is a similar vertical section of a modification thereof.

An oil tank or reservoir 0 of any convenient form, is provided for containing hydrocarbon or other oil, which is fed to the vaporizing device by means of a hand pump or in any other well known manner, or it may be suppliedthereto by gravitation or otherwise. The vaporizing retort consistsof a coil of pipe A A (see Fig. 2) the first convolution of which, secured-to the perpendicular connecting pipe B bent round 'at its upper ex I I I tremity, forms a goose neck or.siphon shaped connection with theoil tank or reservoir C.

This arrangement of the parts is an essential feature of my invention,in ordervthat the oil passing through the connecting pipe B .shall enter the vaporizing coil from the reservoir 0 and be vaporized as it gradually descends through the coil; thus the oil is delivered to the vaporizing coil at its first or top convolution, which is the hottest portion thereof, the eifectbeing to cool the pipe at that point to preserve that portion from in-' jury through over-heating, thus obviating the rapid deterioration to which the vaporizing coils as heretofore constructed are subject, owing to the hydro-carbon or other oil being .fed primarily into the lower convolution or coolest portion of the said coil and passing as vapor to the upper convolutions or hottest portions thereof. The said vaporizing coil is preferably arranged vertically so as to be parallel or nearly so to the oil reservoir and the connecting tube. In additionto the advantage mentioned, by this arrangement of the tube and coil in parallel vertical planes 7 the tube B operates in ameasure, owing to its siphon form, to deliver the oil with a less ex- Betweentheconnecting tube B and the oil reservoir 0 is provided a two-way port shown v in section,.Fig, 4, which may be slightly modipenditure of pressure to the vaporizing coil.

pipe B extending downward into the oil in the reservoir 0. A screw plug L governs the port I and another screw plug J governs the port H. By closing the latter, connection be-' tween the vaporizing coil and the upper por- I tion'of'the-reservoir Cis cut off, while the screw plug L governing the passage I opens a or closes connection between the oil in the reservoir 0 and the connecting tube B so cur'ed to the top of the two-way port. casing G. Thus the air and oil, or either, at pleasure, is admitted to the vaporizing coil-through the connecting tube B from the reservoir C. In

lieu of the two screw plugs shown'in Fig. 4, a two-way cock M may be provided as seenin vertical section in Fig.5. But the latter is useful only where either air or oil, but not both at the same time, is intended to be used.

By reference to Fig. 2, it will be observed that the lowest convolution of the vaporizing coil A has an extended end which is provided with an oil burning device having a burner,

nozzle D arranged perpendicularly so as to discharge the flame through the center, or nearly so, of the convolutions of the vaporizing coil. The coil and its burner tube are closely surrounded byand form part of'a mix 1 ing and burning chamber E which is of appropriate dimension relatively to the diameter and length of the vaporizing coil, and is open i bet E to the outer air; and the volume of the current of air within said chamber can thus 'readidly be regulated. The flame proceeds practically from the top of the casing E which is thus its hottest portion. The saidair apertures in the casing E must be in the lower portion thereof on a line with or beneath the burner tube D.

When starting the apparatus, a small quan tity of hydro-carbon or other oil is poured into the casing E and lighted so as to cause the necessary preliminary heating of the vaporizing coil, or waste saturated with oil may be inserted therein and ignited forasimilar purpose.

When air' pressure is provided atthe in terior of the oil reservoir 0, a portion of the air may be used to create a forced draft in the mixing chamber E whenstartingthe apparatus, thereby greatly expediting oraccelerati ng the preliminary heating of the vaporizing coil A required before the apparatus can be put into automatic operation. For this purpose the port H of the two-way port G may be opened to establish connection between the upper portion of the reservoir 0 and the connecting tube B. Air is thus forced to and through the nozzle or burner D, and ascendin g'through the casingE creates a draft which I causes a violent combustion of the, oil or oily' waste ignited in the chamber E- for the p through the passage H and thence through the connecting tube B and coil A so that the mixture of air and vapor may be had therein to a greater or less extent as may be desired.

I am aware that His not new to use a coil as a vaporizer for the burning of hydro-carbon and other oils, and I do not claim such, but it is new with me to use a coil arranged parallel, or nearly so, to the reservoir, and connecting the two by a goose neck or siphon shaped pipe in order that the burner et shall be below and on a line with the c011, also to arrange said vaporizing coil at rlght angles or nearly so to the reservoir, with a connecting tube between them, in order in both constructions, that the oil shall enter the c011 at facility for the reasons mentioned.

The result of the construction and arrangement shown and described is that the 011 is not vaporized until it enters and passes the first convolution of the coil, and the latter being detachably suspended within and In- .its hottest part and .with greater ease and closed within a casing closed at one end except by adjustable openings and open at the other end, both forming together a murzng and burning chamber (the mixture of the air and vapor being produced at the base of the said combined parts) a powerful induced upward current is produced in such mixing chamber, and the said mixture of air and va-g por will not burst into flame until at or near the open end of said mixing and burn ng chamber, which is the point at which it is most "desired for both heating andlighting pure Poses. y

' In all apparatus of .thischaracter heretofore made, in which the vaporizing coil was supplied with oilto form agas by a flame eni veloping said coil, the dangeris the. rising of the temperature of the coil too high and so disintegrating the gas and causing deposits of carbon on the inside of the coil which quickly choked it up. The leading feature of my invention is to regulate the temperature and l-ioo prevent this deposit of ccarbon by construct: ing and arranging the oiland easing as described and so combining them as set forth to form between them the mixing andburn'in g chamber to which outside cold air is adm tted by adj nstable apertures in the casing or outer walls of the mixing chamber and to the ex,-

ber. Thus not only is air'admitted'tosQP- port combustion, but at the same time to contended end of the vaporizing coil'whieh $01k j stitutes'the inner wall of the mixing chamtrol combustion'th'at it may reach sucl, 9.3%??

only that the temperature will not rise above Y the point to prepare and 'efiiciently vaporize I the oil without depositing carbon in the vaporizing coil or retort.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination in a hydro-carbon burner, with an oil reservoir and a vertical connecting tube, siphon-shaped at its upper end, of a vaporizing coil retort arranged parallel, or nearly so, to said connecting tube, and provided on the extended end of its lowest convolution with a burner nozzle so disposed as to discharge its jet upward through the center of the vaporizing coil, and an inclosing tube or casing surrounding the burner and end of the coil, and forming therebya mixing and burning chamber, with means to adjustably regulate the admission of air thereto; substantially as described.

2. The combination in a hydro-carbon bu rner, with an oil reservoirand a connecting tube leading therefrom, curved at its upper extremity, of a vaporizing coil retort detachably secured to said connecting tube at one of its ends,and provided at its other end with a burner nozzle arranged to discharge a flame through the center of the coil, an inclosing casing surrounding the burner and end of the coil, said parts forming together a mixing and burning chamber; with adjustable apertures in the lower part of said casing operating to regulate the admission of air to said mixing and burning chamber and regulate the temperature therein; substantially as described.

3, The combination in a hydro-carbon burner with an oil reservoir and a connecting tube B leading therefrom, curved at its upper extremity, of a vaporizing coil retort A detachably secured to said connecting tube at one of its ends, and provided at its other end with a burner nozzle D arranged to discharge its -flame through the center of the coil, and an inclosing casing or tube E surrounding the said burner and end of the coil retort, said parts forming together both a mixing and burning chamber, with means to adjustably regulate the admission of air to said chamber and control the temperature therein consisting of an annular series of holes F in the end of said casing near the burner, and a sleeve F surrounding said casing provided with holes registering with those in the casing; substantially as described.

4. The combination,in a hydro-carbon burner, of an oil reservoir and connecting tube leading therefrom to a vaporizing coil retort, and a casing surrounding said coil and forming therewith a mixing and burning chamber,

of a two-way port between the reservoir and the connecting tube composed of the casing G having separate passages H and I and pipe B, adapted to communicate with the oil and the air respectively in said reservoir, and valve mechanism substantially as described operating to wholly or partly close either or both of said passages at pleasure; substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In combinatiomforming a hydro-carbon burner, of a vaporizing coil retort detachably suspended within the casing, of a tube or casing closed at its lower end and open at its top, and having an adj ustably closed bottom whereby the base of the casing may serve as a cup to receive oil fora preliminary heating, said parts beingso arranged relativelythat the flame of the initial heating passes through the mixing chamber; substantially as described.

6. In a hydro-carbon burner, the combination with a casing or tube closed at its lower end and open at its top, with a vaporizing coilhaving a burner on its lowerconvolution, said coil being detachably suspended within the casing and adjustable with relation to the reservoir connections, and said casing having adjustable air apertures at its base, and forming, in connection with the end of the coil retort, a mixing and burning chamber into which the admission of air and the control of the temperature therein may be regulated; substantially as described.

GEORGE GERRARD.

Witnesses:

DAVID FERGUSON MAsoN,

JAMES BATHGATE.

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