US505547A - gardner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. GARDNER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 26, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN GARDNER, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,547, dated September 26, 1893. Application filed February 3,1893. Serial No. 460,905. (No model.) Patented in England January 13, 1893, No- 787.

To all whom itmay concern: Be it known that I, JOHN GARDNER, a subect of the Quenn of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Manchester, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writ- 1ng Machines, (patented in'Great Britain Jannary 13, 1893, No. 787,) of which the followlng 1s a specification. This invention relates to that type of writ- 1ng machines in which the type for the characters to be written or produced thereby is carried on a cylinder or segment of a cylinder, and these improvements consist in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts and devices whereby (a) the cylinder or segment of a cylinder is restored to absolute zero after each movement in either direction; (1)) the cylinder or segment of a cylinder is locked or stopped in position while the impression is made; and (c) a single driving lever or bar is operated to rotate the cylinder in both directions.

A machine of the type described and that to which my improvements are more especially intended to be applied is described in the specification Letters of Patent granted to me No. 463,860, dated November 24, 1891.

I will describe my present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side view; Fig. 2 an end view; Fig. 3 a plan; and Fig. 4 a transverse section along the line ac-y Fig. 1. Figs. 5, 6,: and 7 are transverse sections showing the stem of an operating key in three successive positions. Fig. 8 is an end view showing the device for restoring the cylinder or segment to zero after each movement. Fig. 9 is a plan of the key plate; and Fig. 10 is an elevation of one of the outer keys.

The rotating type cylinder or segment of a cylinder (hereinafter called the cylinder) is constructed in a similar manner to that described in my former specification or in any other suitable inanner, as are also the remaining parts of the machine not fully illustrated or represented in and by the accompanying drawings. The lower part of the cylinder only is represented atA, Fig. 1.

B is the long pinion through the teeth of which the cylinder A is rotated by the motion bring a stop finger into contact with the keys.

Since the stop finger necessarily moved through the arc of a circle it followed that the keys must also be arranged in the arcs of, concentric circles, an arrangement which, although perfectly convenient and commonly adopted in writing machines, is objectionable to some operators and less advantageous than the linear arrangement of keys which my present invention enables me to employ. In either case, when the cylinder is in the printing position, so long as pressure is applied to the keys, the driving quadrant tends to 1'0- tate the pinion B, while the driven quadrant being stopped, prevents the rotation, and it follows that all backlash between the teeth of the pinion and quadrant is taken up, and the cylinder will be brought into the precise printing position without shake or vibration.

O is the driving quadrant, and O is the driven quadrant. These two quadrants are secured respectively 0 to the driving bar or lever F, and C to the stop bar or lever D. The stop bar D is mounted between the pivots E E so that it may be oscillated freely by the motion of the pinion B, transmitted through the quadrant O. The driving bar F is parallel with and below the bar D, and is carried by the brackets G G which may be supported or suspended on the pivot E, and the bar D respectively, as shown, so that in the absence of any restraint, each of the bars may be oscillated independently. The driving quadrant O is firmly secured to the bracket G so that any motion imparted to the driving bar is directly transmitted to the pinion B.

On each of the bars D, F, I form wings or projections, in such a manner that in plan, the wings H on the driving bar preferably alternate with the wings II on the stop bar. (Figs. 1 and 2.) The construction and opera tion of these wings will be hereinafter fully described with reference to Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

' Upon each side of the bars D, F, there are plate J, Fig. 9. The upper ends of these keys are provided with index tablets denoting the letters which they respectively produce as in my former machine. The keys are each provided with a driving shoulder K and with a stop L, the positions of these driving shoulders and stops being relatively to the axis of the pivots E E, precisely alike onevery key stem, and all of them facing toward the bars D F. As the two outer rows of keys are at a greater distance from the bars than the in ner rows, these rows of keys are made wider as shown in Fig. 10, so as. to bring the parts K L into the required position relatively to the bars. On the back of each key there isa projection or part M the use of which will be described also with reference to Figs. 5, 6, 7.

On each side of the bars D F, and parallel therewith, there is a light rail 0, carried in the brackets P-P freely pivoted at N N. The frame thus composed is normally pulled upward by the springs Q. The under sides 7 of the brackets P P have projections carrying the. small friction rollers R R and at their upper sides other similar projections carryin g the smallfrictionrollers S S. On or forming the stem of the quadrant 0- thereis cam shaped plate T, having the two shoulders T T.

When the machine is at rest, the friction rollers S S rest against the shoulders T T,

and by their means the cylinder is always brought to the zero or central position after each excursion, and it will be obvious that the cylinder cannot be moved until one of the rollers S has been disengaged from its shoulder T.

I will now describe the operation of the apparatus with reference to Figs. 5, 6, and '7. In Fig. 5 the apparatus is shown as its parts exist in relationship to each other duringrest. The springs U now hold the keys in their highest position. Immediately upon the depression of a key, its projection M comes into contact with the rail 0 and depresses it, thus releasing the cam plate T and permitting the pinion and the cylinder to be turned (Fig. 6). As the motion of the key is continued, its projecting shoulder K comes into contact with its appropriate wing H on the bar F, thereby depressing it and rotating the bar through an angle determined partly by the amount of lost motion in the key before the shoulder comes into contact with the wing, and partly by, the vertical distance of the contact point of the wing from a vertical plane passing through the axis of the bar. The tips of the wings are therefore on aninolined plane and they serve the same purposeas thestepped or diagonal lever of my former construction, the full depression of each wing bringing a particular typeof the cylinder into the printing position. As the two bars D F are geared together through the pinion B and the quadrants 0.0 it follows that an oscillatory motion in the bar F will produce without backlash a corresponding motion of the bar D, in the same direction. In

consequence, when a driving win g is depressed by one of the keys, the stop Wings on the rod D will be moved and the appropriate wing H will ultimately come into contact with the stop L on the depressed key, beyond which-motion of the bars D F is impossible and the cylinder is securely locked in the impression position. During the depression of thekey, the roller R carried on a stud projecting from the frame is brought into contact with and depresses the lever V Fig. 7. This lever communicates motion to the letter spacing dogs which control the motion of the paper carriage, and which are constructed as in my former machine. The rail 0 also communicates motion by the stud Y (Fig. 3) to the leverW which also is of somewhat similar construction to the corresponding-part'of my former machine, and whichreleases the impression hammer. The stop WingsH arearranged in an inclinedplane as is the case with the driving wings, and consequently the driving bar will rotatethe cylinderfo'radifferent distance for each stop wing before it comes into action, this distance being thataat.

which thetype corresponding to the key in action comes into the printing position...

There are asmany wings- II and H respect ively as there are keys, and they are preferably formed as hereinbefore described, upon the two bars D F,butthey may if'desired,be

formed upon a single bar when they will have the appearance represented 'in'plan, by Fig. .3. In this case only one quadrant O Will-be re- .IOO

quired and a detent might beemployed to overcome the backlash between the teeth of the pinion and of the quadrant, this detent certained the nature of my'said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a typewritingmachine the combina tion with a shaft, of a quadrant-gear carried thereby, an inclined series of contact points on both sides of said shaft, and anoscillating bar hung on said shaft and having an inclined series of contact poin-tson both sides of said bar, substantially as described. 1

2. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of a quadrant gear carried thereby, an inclined series of contact points: on both sides of said shaft, an oscillating bar; hung on said shaft, an inclined series of contact points on both sides of said baralternating with those on the shaft, and a quadrant gear carried by saidbar and concentric with the gear on the shaft, substantially asde scribed.

3. In a typewritingmachine the combination with a shaft D having the wingsH proj ecting alternately from each sidethereof, and having their tips in a plane inclined toward clined toward the other end of the shaft, said wings H each lying opposite a wing H, substantially as described.

4. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of the cam plate, T, thereon, having two shoulders upon its periphery, two rocking frames on either side of said cam, an arm on each frame adapted to engage with a shoulder on the cam, and springs for holding said arms normally in contact with the cam to lock the shaft, substantially as described.

5. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of the cam plateT thereon, having two shoulders, two rocking frames on either side of said shaft, an arm on each frame engaging a shoulder on the cam, a stud projecting from each frame, and a lever adapted ary, 1893.

JOHN GARDNER.

Witnesses:

WM. GEO. HEYS, ARTHUR H. PULMAN.

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