US501273A

US501273A - Tool for turning tapering surfaces

Info

Publication number: US501273A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 1910-07-11

Description

(No hvodeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. H'ARTNESS. l TOOL FOR TURNING TAPBRING- SURFAGES. No. 501,273. Patented July 11, 1893 I 3 Y L@ lfm/ENTER:

Z Sheets-Shet 2.

J HARTNESS "1300L POR TURNING TAPERING SURFAGES.

Patented July 11, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES HARTNESS, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.A

TOOL FOR TURNING TAPERING'SURFACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,273, dated July 11, 1893. Application filed May 4, 1892. Serial No. 431,800. (No model.)

To all whom t may concerm Be it known that I, JAMES HAETNEss, of Springfield, in the county of Windsor and State of Vermont, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tools or Appliances for Turning TaperingSurfaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has for its object to provide a tool or appliance, adapted to be used in connection with a lathe or screw machine, for the purpose of turning tapering surfaces on rods or bolts, the appliance being intended chiefiy for turning tapering bolts or ,pins used in locomotive construction, the rod or bolt to which atapered surface is to be imparted beingheld and rotated by a chuck during the tapering operation, which operation is performed by the longitudinal movementngof the appliance constituting my improvement upon the rotating bolt; or,if preferred, by the longitudinal movement of the rotating bolt into the appliance.

The invention consists mainly in a taperturning appliance, comprisingin its construction a casing or holder, aback-rest, and a cutter, both the back-rest and cutter being movable laterally in said casing, and means for moving the back-rest and cutter simultaneously in opposite directions in the casing, the back-rest and-cutter, when so moved, co-operating in reducing the surface of a rod which projects into the casing, or upon which the casing projects, the cutter having a series of cutting edges, separated by intermediate spaces, so that the cutter acts simultaneously ata number of points on the rod, and is caused by the longitudinal movement of the casing or rod, as the case may be, to reduce the rod simultaneously at as many points as there are cutting edges on the cutter.

The invention also consists in certain del` tails and combinations of devices incidental to the purposes of my invention, all of which I will now proceed to describe.

Of the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specication: Figure l represents a side elevation ofataper-turning appliance, and a portion of the lathe turret which supi ports the same. gFig. 2 represents a section on line 2 2, Fig. 1.. Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3.3, Fig. 5. Fig. 4 represents a section online Li-4,l3ig. 5. Fig. 5 represents an end elevation of the construction-shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 represents a side View of the cutter-holder, detached from the casing of the device. Fig. 7 represents a perspective view of the former or device which moves the backrest and cutter laterally in the casing. Fig. 8 represents a side elevation of the former. Fig. 9' represents a perspective view of the back-rest. Fig. 10 represents a top view of the construction shown in Fig. 1, showing in addition a portion of the Work-holding and rotating chuck, a portion of the turret being broken away and shown in section.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings: a represents the casing or main body of the device, the same being provided with a shank a ,adapted to b e inserted in a socket b in a lathe turret b. The casing a is provided with a longitudinal cavity or chamber a2, which receives the `rod c, Whose periphery is to be turned to a taper, said rod being held and rotated by a chuck cl. The arrangement of the casing a is such that, when it is secured to the turret and the turret properly adjusted, the chamber a2 will be in line withthe rod c held by the chuck, so that, by a movement of the turret toward the chuck, the rod c may be caused to project into the chamber a2. j

e represents a back-rest, which is located in the casing 0 andis preferably provided with a series of curved ribs e', arranged to bear upon one side of the rod c. The back-rest e isv movable laterally within the casing, for a purpose which will presently be explained.

frepresents the cutter, which is here shown as composed ofa single blade or piece, ex-

tending lengthwise of the casing ct, and provided with a series of cutting edges f', separated by intervening spaces, the cutter, with its isolated cutting edges f', constituting a multiple cutter adapted to operate simultaneously at a number of'points on the rod c. The cutter fis secured to an oscillatory cutterholder f2, which is pivotally connected with the casing a by means of'trunnions f3 f3 (Figs. 5 and 6), projecting from the ends of the cutter-holder into sockets formed in the IOO casing a. The arrangement of the cutterholder issuch that its oscillating movements cause the cutter f to move laterally inthe casing d toward and from the back-rest e, the cutting edges of the cutter being arranged to bear upon the rod c at a point substantially opposite the back-rest, as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 5. The cutter-holder f2 is provided with a longitudinal slot or pocket to receive the cutter, and with adjusting screws f4 to move the cutter forward in compensation for the wear of its cutting edges, and with clamping screws f5 to secure the cutter at any point to which it may be adjusted.

g represents a bar or former, which is movable longitudinally in a way or channel formed in the casing (L for its reception. The bar or former g is provided with a series of preferably two lateral inclines g g at one side, and a corresponding series of downwardly projecting inclines g2 g2 at its lower edge. The back-rest eis provided at its rear with ribs e2 e2, which are arranged to co-operate with the inclines g g in forcing the back-rest inwardly toward the center ot' the rod-receivin g chamber a2 when the relative positions of the casing a and the former g are being changed so as to change the contact of the ribs e2 e2 from the inn er ends of the inclines g g to the outer ends thereof. The former is also provided with inclines g4 g4, adjoining the inclincs g g', and with inclines g5 g5 adjoining the inclines g2 g2, the inclination of g4 g5 being opposite that of g g2, but less abrupt. The inclines g g2 are arranged to force the back-rest and cutter forward or toward the center of the rod at a comparatively rapid rate, thus causing the cutters to enter the work to the required depth, and the inclines g4 g5 are arranged to follow the inclines g g2 and permit the cutter and back-rest to recede at a slower rate from the center of the rod, and form the tapered surface thereon while receding, as will be presently described.

I make use of the expression when the relative positions of the casing and former are being changed because the apparatus may be operated as hereinafter described by moving either the casing or the former longitudinally; that is to say, the former may be held in a fixed position while the casing is moved in the direction required to carry the back-rest ribs from the inner to the outer ends of the inclines g to force the back-rest inwardly, and from the outer to the inner ends of the inclines g4 to permit the back-rest to move outwardly; or the casing may be held stationiary and the former moved to accomplish the sameresult, namely, the lateral movement of the back-rest alternately toward and from the center of the rod-receiving chamber in the casing d.

The inclines g2g2 ot' the former are arranged to impart an inward or forward motion to the cutter-holder f2, and thus cause the cutter f to swing inwardly toward the center of the rod-receiving chamber; while the back-rest is being moved toward said center, and the inclinesl g5 g5 of the former are arranged to permit the cutter to move outwardly when the back-rest is moving outwardly, the back-rest and cutter being moved simultaneously in opposite directions. l prefer to interpose between the inclines g2 g2 and the cutter-holder, studs g3, which are fitted to move vertically in sockets in the lower portion of the casing a, their lower ends bearing upon adjustable screws or studs f 6 f6, affixed to the cutter-carrier f2. rlhe same relative movement that causes the described movement of the backrest toward and from the center of the rodreceiving chamber, first causes the inclines g2 to depress the lower portion of the cutterholder f2 and thus move the cutter f toward the center of the rod-receiving chamber, and then causes the inclines g5 to permit the opposite movement of the cutter.

The operation of the device is or may be as follows: The rod c being rotated by the chuck without being moved endwise, and inserted suitably in the chamber a2, the body or casing a is moved forward toward the chuck by the movement of the turret b, and at the same time the relative positions of the casing a and the former g are changed, by reason of the fact that the former is arrested by bearing against a fixed surface on the head-stock of the lathe, or elsewhere, so that, as the casing moves forward, the inclines g g g2 g act to move the back-rest e and the cutter f simultaneously inward, and then the inclines g4 g4 and g5 g5 act to permit the back-rest and `cutter to be moved slowly outward by the pressure of the work against them. These motions of the back-rest and cutter, occurring during the longitudinal movement ofthe cutter and `the casing, cause the isolated cutting edges f to act simultaneously in first entering the work to the required depth, and then gradually receding from the center of the work, thus forming the taper. The inclines g4 g5 should be of the correct taper or inclination i to give the desired taper tothe work, but the other inclines may be at any angle desired. The inclines g4 g5 are so slight that, if shown in the drawings as used, they would not be perceptible; hence I have exaggerated them I is only the distance between one cutter or cutting edge f and the next, so that the time consumed in forming the tapering surface is much less than would be required if the cutters were xed, or in other words had no lateral movement, in` which case the casing would have to move the entire length of the tapered surface in forming the latter.

It will be seen that, by dividing up the work among a number of cutters, and moving the t cutters laterally during the operation, a considerable saving of time is eiected in form- IOO IIO

case the rod c and the former g will be moved endwise, the result being the same asY that already described.

In Fig. 3, I show a fixed support s on the head-stock t of a lathe, arranged to prevent movement ofthe former g While the casing@ is approaching said head-stock. The headstock and support may be supposed, however, to move toward the casing a, the latter being fixed. Although this scheme, as shown, is used for operating on slender Work, which requires the use of a back-rest, I do not limit myself to the use of a back-rest, but may use the multiple-cutter Without the back-rest.

The cutter may be made as shown in one piece, or in a number of pieces, Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claimv 1. In a taper-turning appliance, the combination of a casing or holder, a back-rest movable laterally, a cutter-holder pivotally connected to the casing, a cutter held in said cutter-holder, and means for moving said backrest and cutter simultaneously toward the center of the casing, Wherebythe back-rest and cutter are caused to co-operate in reducing a piece of work interposed between them, as set forth.

2. In a taper-turning appliance, the combination of a casing or holder, a back-rest movable laterally, a cutter-holder pivotally connected to the casing, a cutter held in said cutter-holder, a bar or former movable longitudinally and provided with inclines adapted to impart lateral motion to the back-rest and cutter when the relative positions of the casing and former are being changed, as set forth.

3. In a taper-turning appliance, the combination of a casing or holder, a back-rest movable laterally, a cutter-holder pivotally con 'nected to the casing, a cutter'held in said cutter-holder, separate inclines provided for actuating the back-rest and cutter-holder, -as set forth.

4. The combination of a chuck for holding and rotating a rod, a casing or holder having a rod-receiving chamber, a multiple edged cutter and a back-rest arranged to bear simultaneously on opposite' sidesl of a rod in said chamber, means for changing the relative positions of the rod and casing or holder to increase the projection of the rod into the casing, and means for simultaneously moving the back-rest and cutter toward each other during the changein the lateral positions of the rod and casing, as set forth.

n 5. In a taper-turning appliance, the combination of a casing or holder, a series of backrest surfaces and a series of cutting edges both movable laterally in said casing, a bar or former movable longitudinallyvand provided with inclines adapted to impart a lateral motion to the back-rests and cutting edges when the relativeY positions of the casing and the former are being changed, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence'of twosubscribing Witnesses, this 26th day of April, A. D. 1892.

.mintsy HARTNEss.

Witnesses:

W. D. WooLsoN, G. OTIs GRIDLEY.