US501130A

US501130A - John b

Info

Publication number: US501130A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1893-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 1910-07-11

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN B. ARCI-IER, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT COLUMBIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS.

SPECIFICATICN forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,130, dated July 11, 1893.

Application filed June 8, 1892. Serial No. 436,025. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ARCHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gras;`

and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertainsto make and use the same.

My invention consists in placing in a furnace, the interior of which is divided into a combustion chamber and a heating chamber on each side thereof, by means of tiling, a horizontal iixer which is mounted within the said furnace near the top thereof and above the converging upper ends of the tiling, while horizontal steam super heating pipes are placed within the re chamber, and horizontal retorts, into which oil is injected by steam from the said pipes, are contained in the said heating chambers, the said retorts discharging into the said fixer, whereby the vaporized products of the steam and oil which have been decomposed in the retorts will be combined to form a fixed gas, and it also consists in a combination, construction and arrangement of the several parts of which it is composed, as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which corresponding parts are designated by similar letters of reference Figure l is a central vertical transverse section of a gas producer constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on lines fu o of Fig. l.

The furnace structure yconsists of a base A from which spring the elliptical or curved walls A which form the'sides and top of the structure, a suitable longitudinal depression being formed in the center of the base, the said depression being horizontally divided by the grate bars a3 into the ash pit a and the ire or combustion chamber a', the tops of the side walls of the depression being beveled as a6 forming a narrow longitudinal ledge as on top of the base A at the inside of each side wall A. Front and rear walls AZAB, respectively, are provided, inclosing the front and ,wing-walls@14 which are concentric to horizontal fixer, to behereinafter described, the said side walls A and tiling A4 forming on Veach side of the structure a heating chamber cl2, each of the said chambers having its upper end communicating with the fire chamber between them, and its lower end with a suitable stack (not shown) by means of the down take 0.13 formed in the base A.

A series of return pipesB is arranged on each side of the fire chamber inclosed by the said tiling, the rear end of the upper pipe of each series being connected to a suitable steam supply by the pipe E, the forward ends of the lower pipe of each the said series entering suitable injectors F located at the forward end of the lower retort of each of the series of horizontal retorts C, which are contained in the heating chambers, either concentric to the walls thereof or the alternate retorts may be placed near the opposite walls, the upper retort of each series being placed near the outer walls beyond the ends of the wing walls, whereby the heated products of combustion arisingfrom the combustion chamber (where they have heated the steam superheating pipes B) will on their downward passage through the heating chambers cl2 be deiiected from retort to retort imparting all of their h eat thereto.

Any preferred means of connecting the several retorts of each series together may be used, although I prefer to use return boXesL of the character described in Letters Patent No. 433,926, issued to me on the 5th day of August, 1890, which may be built into the end walls of the furnace, and it will be also obvious that similar return boxes maybe used for connecting together the several superheating pipes of each series'.

A horizontal fixer D"is supported above the center of the combustion chamber and between the wing walls upon the upper edges of the tiling, the said fixer having shoulders d formed thereon, which are built into the y-,wf

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walls A of the structure, the said shoulders in-this way serving as a key-stone of the side walls.

The upper retort C of each of the series of retorts is connected with the xer, which, in case, it is desired to make different grades of gas in the same producer, is divided into a plurality of compartments by a transverse diaphragm d4, each of the said series of retorts being connected with one of the said compartments by means of the pipe D2, while the gas is withdrawn from each compartment by a separate service pipe I2 which enters the said compartment, it being connected with the dome cl2, which is provided with themovablecover (Z3, by which access may be had to the interior of the fixer. An oil pipe I is connected with each of the said injectors F. It will thus be seen that the steam in passing through the pipes B will be superheated, and will pass into the injector with a velocity due to its expansion, and will carry with it a portion of the oil from the pipes I', which oil will be atomized, and will, in the heated retort C, become converted into a vapor, which will be mechanically mixed with the superheated steam, together with which it will enter the highly heated fixer D', where the hydrogen of the steam will unite with a portion of the carbon of the oil, forming a hydrocarbon gas, which together with the gas formed by the partial decomposition of the vaporized oil will iiow into the dome d2 from which the fixed gas may be withdrawn for the purpose of combustion.

It will be noted that as the superheating pipes are contained in fire chamber, directly over the fire, that they may be subjected to an intense heat, thoroughly superheating the steam, and that as the retorts C are contained in the heating chambers and are heated solely by the products of combustion which have already imparted a part of their warmth to the fixer that the danger of over-heating the retorts and thus forming a deposit of carbon therein is greatly lessened, and that the fixer itself, situated between the wing walls of the tiling is in a position to be readily raised to a high temperature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is l. The combination with a furnace having curved walls and top, of tiling located within the said furnace on each side thereof and being concentric to the corresponding walls, forming a combustion chamber and a heating chamber on each side of the combustion chamberand communicating therewith at the top; a series of steam superheating pipes located within the said combustion chamber on each side thereof and concentric to the corresponding tiling, a series of horizontal retorts located in each of the said heating chambers, an oil supply pipe connected with each of the said series of retorts, a horizontal fixer contained within the said furnace at the top of the combustion chamber and between the converging upper ends of the tiling; and downtakes communicating with the lower ends of each of the said heating chambers, the said series of retorts having their lower ends communicating with the superheating pipes and their upper ends communicating with the fixer, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a furnace provided with side walls and top, of tiling located within the said structure on each side thereof and concentric to the corresponding side walls, forming a central combustion chamber and a heating chamber on each side thereof, communicating therewith at the top, the tops of the said tiling being bent outwardly, forming wing-walls; a series of steam super-heating pipes located within the said combustion chamber on\each side thereof, concentric to the corresponding tiling; a series of horizontal retorts located in each of the said heating chambers; an oil supply pipe connected with each of the said series of retorts, the alternate retorts of each series being located upon the opposite sides of the chambers containing them, a horizontal fixer contained in the said furnace at the top of the combustion chamber and between the wing-Walls upon the said tiling, and downtakes com lnunicating with the lower ends of the said heating chambers, each of the said series of rctorts having their opposite ends communicating with the said superheating pipes and fixer, respectively, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a furnace, of tiling located within the said structure on each side thereof and having converging upper ends, forming a central combustion chamber and a heating chamber on each side thereof, communicating therewith at the top, the tops of the said tiling being bent outwardly, forming wing walls; a series of steam superheating pipes located within the said combustion chamber on each side thereof, concentric to the corresponding tiling, a series of horizontal retorts located in each of the said combustion chambers; an oil supply pipe connected with the said retorts, a horizontal fixer contained in the said furnace at the top of the combustion chamber and between the wing walls upon the tiling, and downtakes communicating with the lower ends of the said heating chambers, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a furnace having arched side walls and top, of a horizontal fixer having shoulders thereon built into and forming the .key of the said arched walls; steam superheating pipes and retorts contained in the said furnace, the said superheating pipes being connected to one end of the retorts, and the opposite end of the said retorts being connected with the said fixer, and an oil supply pipe connected with the said retorts, substantially as described.

5. The combination in a furnace of two series of superheating pipes and retorts con- IOO IZO

tained therein, each of the said series of superleading from each of the compartments of the Io heating pipes being connected With the corxer, substantially as described.

responding series of retorts, a fixer contained In testimony whereof I affix my signature in in the said furnace and having its interior presence of two Witnesses.

divided into two compartments by a diaphragm, each of 4which compartments is con- 4JOI-IN B. ARCHER. nected with one of said series of retorts, an Witnesses: oil supply pipe connected with each of the H. M. SOHOONMAKER,

said series of retorts, and an eductionpipe H. D. BURGESS.