US500278A - Blind stile mortiser and borer - Google Patents

Description

3 Sheets- Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W H BROWNFIELD BLIND STIL MoRTIsBR AND BORB'.

No. 500,278. Patented June 27, 1893 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. W H BROWNFIBLD BLIND ST-IE MORTISER AND BORER.

Patented June 27, 1893.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. H. BROWNPIELD. 'BLIND STILE MORTISER AND BORER.

No. 500,278-l Patented'Ju'ne 27, 1898.

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UNITED STATl-:s

PATENT OFFICE.

WLLI'AM H. BROWNFIELD, OF DAYTON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LOUIS K. MARTY, OF HIGHLANDS, KENTUCKY.

BLlND-S'TILE MORTISER AND BORER.

SPECIFICATION formng part of Letters Patent No. 500,278, dated June 27, 1893.

ADDHGMDOH filed July 9, 1892. Serial No. 439,478. (No model.)

To all whom it may con/087%:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. BROWN- FIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at- Dayton, in the county of Campbell and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Blind-Stile Mortisers and Borers; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others io skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification;

The subject of Ithis invention is a machine for cutting or boring into the stiles of shutters the mortises or holes for the ends of the slats which enter said stiles. In outside shutters where the slats are generally stationary,

zo mortises are used, while in inside shutters, where the slats are rolling, holes are bored into the shutter-stiles to receive the pivots on which the slatsrevolve. The machine is so arranged, that the two stiles of a shutter, that is its right and left one are mortised or bored at once, whereby a perfect evenness of the work, especially as to the distance between the mortises or holes is attained.

Among the novel features of my invention are the construction which leaves the work (stile) always visible while being acted upon, the means whereby the mortises are being cleared of the chips and the means whereby the length, depth and angle of the mortises 3 5 are regulated.

The construction of this machine is described and pointed out in the following specification and clai'ms and illustrated in the accompanying three sheets of drawings, in

40 which- Figure 1, is a side-elevation of the same, showing the stiles in position while being mortised. Fig. 2, is a view similar to the preceding one, but showing parts more remote from the spectator, the line of view or section being taken near the center of the machine and the lower parts of it, as well as the work have been omitted. Fig. 3, is a view similar to Fig. 2, but taken ata plane still more remote,

respectively back of the center and showing only such parts as are hidden in the preceding figure. Fig. 4, is a front-view of the machine, that is that end where the operator is supposed to stand. In order to show other parts farther back more clearly, some parts nearest the spectator, at the upper right side have been omitted. Fig. 5, is a fear-view of the machine With parts of it near the upper right side omitted for the same reason as in the preceding figure. Fig. 6, is a top-view of the machine, parts on the right side of it (upper side of the figure as it appears in the drawings), omitted for same reasons as given for Figs. 4, and 5. Fig. 7, is a detail top-view of the swinging and sliding frames as they appear below the top of the machine. Parts of the sliding frame are broken away. Fig. 8, is

a perspective view of one of the cutter-heads and its supporting frame. It is shown inclined, which is the position it occupies when in place. Fig. 9, is a perspective view of the frame which vshifts the cutter-head and its frame.

What particular parts have been omitted in some of the tigures, will be more readily understood after the followingspecification has been read.

The position of the parts of the machine as shown, is the one when the feed-mechanism is at rest and the bits of the cutter-heads are about to enter the work.

The machine is comprised in general of a feed-mechanism, to which the work (stile) is temporarily secured and by which it is intermittingly advanced, means which guide the work while so advancing, means which hold it tightly while being acted upon, a cuttingmechanism, means to cause the knives of the latter in a longitudiual or endwise direction to enter and leave the work, means to cause go the knives'of the cutter-heads, after entering to advance and return in a lateral direction through a distance equal to the length of the mortise to be cut and mechanism whereby the position of these means and the extent of their movements are regulated.

a, a, are the stiles to be mortised and held by clamps b, b, to the downwardly projecting ends c, c, of a frame CZ, which is provided with a base e, whereby it is connected to the feed- Ioo rack f. This latter has feathers g, g, which occupy grooves h, h, in the sides of slot passing lengthwise through the top k, of the machine and Whereby the feed-rack is kept in position. Clamps b, b, move in'slots Z, l, and are held in position within frame d, by rods 'm1,m, which pass through the ends c, c', c, c', of frame cl.

n, n, are two levers pivoted to frame d, and' provided with eccentric cams o, o,which when coming in contact with the inner ends of rods m, m, move clamps b, b, against the work and hold the same tightly between them and the ends c,c, of frame d. A part of rods m, which passes through clamps b, is screW-threaded, so that by turning rods m, using their pro` jecting ends p, p, to do so, the position of clamps b, maybe adj usted to the width of the work.

q, q, are springs confined between'the ends c, c, of frame d, and collars r, r, secured to rods m, and serve to throw jaws b, open for the purpose of releasing the work, when levers a, n, have been moved tow'a'rd each other whereby eccentric cams o, o, release the ends of rods m, m.

s, is a pawl pivotally secured to a slide t, its

It advances the feed-rack f, by the reciprocatory motion which is transmitted to slide t, by a connecting' rod 'v,'con-` nected' to its under side and actuated by a cam w,-on shaft x. To lessen the friction, rollers y, y, are provided at the poi-ntswhere cam 10,. comesin contact with'connecting-rod 'v. Slide t, is guided by bearings'z, z, depend-ing from the under side of the top of the machine.

To permit a quick return of the feed-rack to the starting point after a stile has been finished, pawl s is thrown out of contact with the' rack by means of a cam'A, operated by a a rod B, from the side of the machine.

VVhiIe the work is being fed forward it is held in position and guided by Springs O, se"

Power is supplied to the machine by means 'of belt N, and pulley N',-the latter secured to'shaft L. N' is a loose pulley also on shaft L, upon which belt N may be shifted inv case it becomes desirable to stop the machine.

O, O, arev the cutter-heads provided withV bits or'knives O', O', and driven by pulleys P, P, P', P', and belts P' P' the latter pulleys secured upon shaft L. The shafts upon which cutter-heads O, O, and pulleys P,z P, are mounted revolve in frames Q, which are provided with dove-tails Q', Q', which fit into` a correspondingly cut-out frame R.

Sisa yoke which fits' over the tops of frames Q, and is pivotally secured. to them.

These yokes have tails S', S' whichpass into i frame. 'i frame R, are open as shown betweenthe'dove- -tailed parts of it to permit belts P' to pass.

slots T, T, inthe upper arms T', T', of shifting-frames T, T, which iatterare'provided below with sleeves T', T', which sleeves fit onto a rod'U, by which these shifting frames are supported. Rod U passes preferably clear through the machine projecting to either side of it and is' rigid'ly secured to the machine-frame. From sleeves T' there project double-bearings T' T' which carry rollers V, the faces of which are some distance apart, which distance or space is occupied by cams W, W, mounted upon shaft w. Shift- `.ing-frames T' T' are further supported by braokets X, X, into a slot of which arms T' each consisting substantially of two wings which are located'and exlend beyond the machina-frame to either side and which are united to each other by `a connecting branch iforming also a part of each frame and reaching' from wing to Wingr across the machine- The wings of the upper or sliding FrameZ isheld in position on the machineframe by lugs Z, Z-"", on the underside of each one of its wings, through whichlugs bolts 12,

and 13,'pass. The angle of inclination of frame Z, and with' it'frame R, may be varied by the adjustment of bolts 13,.whichv pass through , slots 14, 14, on either side of the machine- ,frame, the' upper bolt 12,-forming the pivot ;on` which frame Z, swings during such adjustment. Frame R, is prevented from sliding off of frame Z, by screws 15,15, secured o in lugs 16, 16, of frame Z. It isheld normally against these screws by Springs 17, 17, pass- =ing from frame R, to .some convenient point at` either side of the. machine-frame. The break vor bend in the connecting branch of :frame R, is merely for the purpose of clearing the sprocket-wheel K'. vside of this branch. of frame R, depend two ``lugs'18, 18, forming bearings for a roller 19,

From the under which at intervals is acted upon by a cam 20,

Ion shaft w, and whereby frame R, is caused to slide upwardly on frame Z, being pulled back again to its normal position by Springs 17, after the cam 20, has passed and clcared froller 19.

Brackets F, X, F, X, on each side form bearings'for rods 21, 21, to which Vertically adj ustable and vertically acting clamps 22, 22, are secured1 which' hold the work down to the top ofthe machine, while the `cutting is done. These clamps are closed by cams 23, 23, secured toarms T' T', of shift- -ing frames T, T, which act against springlevers 24, 24, secured to and projecting from rods 21, 21. The clamps are opened by the Vaction of Springs 25, 25, secured to rearward projections 26, 26,011 rods 21, 21, and connecting to the machine-frame.

27, is a clutch operated by a hand-lever 28,

IOO

by which the iotion of all parts of the machine drivenfrom shaft J, may bestopped.

The different parts of the machine operate as follows proceeding in their description from the position they occupy as shown in the draw,- ings. lThe revolving vmotion of the cutterhead O, is constant and it is therefore always ready to cut as soon as it enters the wood which is about to take place now. The knives O', O', of the cutter-heads are caused to enter the work through the action of cams lV, W, which are so shaped as to Shift frames T, T, inwardly which frames then carry with them yokes S, S, and cutter-head frames Q, Q, which are all connected to said frames T",T". Vhile being so shifted, frames T, T" are guided by their sleeves T', T'.

' which slide on the ends of rod U, and by their arms T' which slide in brackets X while cutter-head frame Q, is guided by its dove-tailed portions Q', Q', which slide in correspodingly cut-out portions of the wings of frame R. The knives while so entering in a longitudinal direction are first cutting or boringahole until they have reached the required depth after which they advance laterally and upwardly, being caused to do so by cam 20, on shaft which by actin g against roller 19, on frame R, causes this latter frame with the cutter-head frames to slide up on frame Z. During this movement, frame R, is guided by dove-tails Z', on which latter it moves back again owing to the action of springs 17, after the mortise has been formed and after cam 20 has cleared roller 19. VVhile so returning to its normal position, frame R, carries with it the cutter heads, the knives thereon passing through the same path back and thereby clearing the mortise of the chips. When shiftingframe T moves inwardly just previous to the cutting, cam 23, on arm T', passes under spring-level' 24 and by lifting it causes rod 21, to bring clamp 22, hard down onto lthe work whichlatteris tightly held by said clamp until the mortise is cut. By this time cam W, has come around again and is ready to act' upon rollers V, V, for the purpose of shifting frame T, outwardly which through the intervention of yokes S, carries the cutter-head frames with it, the knives leaving the work again in a longitudinal direction. While frames T, move thus outwardly, cams 23, on arms T', liberate spring levers 24, and enable Springs 25, with the aid of projections 26, and rods 21, to release the work from clamps 22, so as to permit the same ofbeing fed forward. While a mortise is thus 'cut as described, pawl 8,011 slide t, has been moved back by connecting-rod v, one of the rollers 'y on which has been acted upon by a cam w, on shaft w, and is in a position to feed rack f, with the work forward, the moment the .cutters have left the latter, and clamps 22, release the same. The forward movementof pawl 8, and slide t, is accomplished by the same means in substantially the same manner as their move-v ment first' described, only in reverse order.

After the feed-moton is finished, cams W, shift framesT,and the cutter-headsinwardly again, clamps 22, close down once more upon the work and the next mortse is cut in the Same manner as already described. VVhen a pair of stiles has been finished they are released from frame d, which holds them to the feed-rack, by levers n, which are moved toward each other, whereupon rods m, liberate clamps b, which are thrown open by the action of springs q, on said rods which carry the clamps with them. The upper part of the machine is next stopped by `hand-lever 28, and clutch 27, pawl s, is disconnected from the feed-rack by cam A, which is turned up by vrod B, and the now liberated feed-rack is returned to the starting point for the purpose of the insertion of new work. To make this latter more convenient, a pointer 29, is pro- Vided, against which a mark, on the Wood, indicating the place where the first mortise is to be started, may be brought. The width and depth of the mortises is regulated by the size and length of the cutters or bits. Their length is dependent on the extent of the movement of frame R, on frame Z, which may be regulated by screws 15, 15, inlugs 16, 16. It is against these screws that frame R, returns after every action of cam 20, and from this adjustable'position wherever it may be, frame R, is actuated by cam 20. It follows from this also that the starting point of the mortise may be adjusted and if screws 15, 15, are screwed farther out of lugs 16, 16, frame R, with the cutter-heads slides lowerdown on frame Z, when as a consequence the knives start the mortiseinalower position and cause the same to 'be longer. The reverse takes place when screws 15, 15,are screwed farther into lugs 16, 16, whereby frame R, is caused to start its rising movement from a higher position. This adj ustment may be augmented, especially in cases where it is not desirable to change'the starting point of the mortise, by making the eccentricity of cam 20, changeable, for which purpose a hub 30, is provided upon which cam 20, may be adjusted. The degree of inclination of the mortise to the stile is adjusted by adjustingrframe Z, on which frame R, with the cutter heads is supported.- The degree of inclination of this frame, which is pivoted at 12, is adjusted by screws 13, 13, passing through slots 14, let, on

.either side of the machine.

When this machine is to be used for boring circular Vholes only, the height at which the knives of the cutter-heads should enter the Wood is determined first by adjusting the position of frame R, on frame Z, by means of screws 15, 15, after which cam 20, is shifted sidewise so as not to act upon roller 19, on frame R, whereby this latterremains stationary upon frame Z, and the cutter-heads reoiprocate longitudinally only, their lateral reciprocatory movement with frame R, on frame Z, which produces the mortise, being omitted. In all other respects the operation of the ma- IOO chine isithe same as for cutting mortises. Among the modifications towhich this construction is susceptible is a reversal of the operation of levers n, n, which may be attained by having t-he projecting eccentric cams o, o, on the other side of each lever n. In such case levers n, n, would be moved toward. each other for the purpose of closing clamps b, Z), and thrown apart for the purpose of releasing thework. Themachinecouldbesoconstructed as to have only one cutter-head and do only half the work. Such would, however, be of no advantage.

Having described my invention,I claim as new- 1. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of means to hold, feed and guide the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame Q on which it is mounted, a frame R, on which the cutter-head frame Q is supported, means to reciprocate the cutter-head frame longitudinally, and means to reciprocate frame R, at right angles to the movement of the cutterhead frame, all as substantially shown and described.

2. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the' right angles to the movement of the cutterhead frame, and means to adjust the latter vertically, all as substantially shown and described.

3. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of means to hold, feed and guide the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame on which it is mounted, a frame R, on which the cutter-head frame is supported, means to reciprocate the c'utter head longitudinally, means to reciprocate frame R, at right angles to the movement of the cutter-head and an adjustable frame Z, on which frame R, is supported, all as substantially shown and described.

4. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of mechanism to hold, guide and feed the work while acted upon, a rotating cntter-head, a frame Q within which it is mounted, a yoke S, pivotally connected to the cutter-head frame Q, ashifting frame T' connecting With said yoke, means to guide and support the shifting-frame, acam whereby it is actuated and means whereby the height at which the cutter-head reciprocates and enters the Wood is Vertically adj usted, all as substantially shown and described.

5. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the combination of mechanism' to hold, guide and feed the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame R, on which it is supported, a pivoted frame g feed the work, a rotating cutter-head, a frame R, supporting it, a pivoted frame Z,.support- :ing frame R, means to adjust the position of these frames, a yoke S, and shifting frame ;connected with each other and with the cutter-head, a cam operatively connected With the shifting frame, a cam for actuatin g frame, R, and means Operating the cams, all as sub- `lstantially shown and described.

7. In a blind-stile mortiser and borer, the

ating the latter, means operatively connecting it to this pivot a frame T, which carries ;cam 23, and a cam which shifts this frame, .all as substantially shown and described.

8. In a blind stile mortiser and borer, the combination of a rotating cntter-head, mechanism to feed and' guide the work, a clamp I22, a rod supported in bearings to which said Yclamp is secured, a spring-lever 24, secured to this rod, a cam 23, acting on this springlever, means to counter-act its action upon rod 21, and a reciprocating frame T, which lcarries cam 23 all as substantially shown and described.

9. In a feed-mechanism, the combination of a feed-rack, means to guide it, a frame cl, se-

cured to it, clamps b,'mounted on rods m, and by them secured to frame d, cams o, engaging with rods m, for the purpose of closing Vclamps b, levers n, for actuating cams 0, and

. presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. BROWN FIELD. Witnesses:

ALFRED N. DAVIEs, O. SPENGEL.

f combination of a rotating cutter-head, mechi uanism to feed and guide the work, a clamp v`2.2, supported on a pivot, a cam 23,,for actu-

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