US496991A - Process of imparting drying properties to oils - Google Patents
Process of imparting drying properties to oils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US496991A US496991A US496991DA US496991A US 496991 A US496991 A US 496991A US 496991D A US496991D A US 496991DA US 496991 A US496991 A US 496991A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oils
- carbonic acid
- oil
- drying properties
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical class [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F7/00—Chemical modification of drying oils
Definitions
- the object of this invention is to impart drying properties to those oils, either animal or vegetable, which belong to the so called, fatty, or non-drying -class, as well as to hasten the drying action of those oils which are technically denominated drying oils.
- Animal and vegetable oils are known as oxygenated hydrocarbons, that is they are composed of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon, and have the natural characteristic of taking on more oxygen by absorption when exposed to the air, the drying oils in such case becoming resinous, and the non-drying oils be coming thick and viscous. It is also known that this acidifying element of oxygen can be further increased artificially by exposure of the oils to a continuous current or atmosphere of oxygen, or by heating or boiling on oxygen-carriers, such as the metallic oxides, and oxy-salts, or by adding to them, in their cold state, some of said oxides or salts, as acidifying agents, not-ably inthe form of commercial paint driers.
- oxygen-carriers such as the metallic oxides, and oxy-salts
- the boiling of the oils can be carried on by applying heat directly to the containing vessel, or through the medium of the sand bath, or water bath, and the proportion of oxides used may be from three to five per cent, the boiling requiring two to five hours, the time varying according to the gravity of the oil,
- the oil is ready for the second step of my process, that of imparting to it carbonic acid. ThisI accomplish by'dissolving, grinding or mixing with the oil and.
- agents which have an affinity for, and will absorb carbonic acid such as some of the metallic soaps, as alumina, magnesia, or alum soap, and monometaborate of soda, sulphate of magnesia, sulphate of alumina, borate of magnesia, basic acetate of lead, alum and the like chemical agents.
- agents may be used, as the result desired and practice shall dictate, but the best effects are obtained by using those agents which have the property of making the oil alkaline or basic in addition to their power for absorbing carbonic acid, or which have an affinity for the oil and also for carbonic acid, such' as magnesia, or alumina soap, and basic acetate of lead, and any of the others may be afterward added such as borate of magnesia, and mono-metaborate of soda.
- the quantity of these agents used must be governed also largely by practice, but about five per cent. of metallic soap, ten per cent. of borate of magnesia, and fifteen per cent. of basic acetate of lead will give good results.
- carbonic acid may be charged through the oil, and any of, the commercial oil driers added without departing from In invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES I PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, JR., OF MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.
PROCESS OF llVlPARTlNG DRYING PROPERTIES TO OILS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,991, dated May 9, 1893.
Application filed January 31, 1893. Serial No. 460,190. (No specimens To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that 1, WILLIAM N. BLAKEMAN, J r., of Mount Vernon, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Process of Imparting Drying Properties to Oils, as well as hastening drying action, where it exists in the same, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.
The object of this invention is to impart drying properties to those oils, either animal or vegetable, which belong to the so called, fatty, or non-drying -class, as well as to hasten the drying action of those oils which are technically denominated drying oils.
The invention will first be particularly described and then set forth in general in the claims.
Animal and vegetable oils are known as oxygenated hydrocarbons, that is they are composed of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon, and have the natural characteristic of taking on more oxygen by absorption when exposed to the air, the drying oils in such case becoming resinous, and the non-drying oils be coming thick and viscous. It is also known that this acidifying element of oxygen can be further increased artificially by exposure of the oils to a continuous current or atmosphere of oxygen, or by heating or boiling on oxygen-carriers, such as the metallic oxides, and oxy-salts, or by adding to them, in their cold state, some of said oxides or salts, as acidifying agents, not-ably inthe form of commercial paint driers. But although oxygen is the great acidifying agent, it is not alone in this action, chlorine and other elements being classed, as such agents; and oxygen in its union with oils gives acid reactions with the evolution of carbonic acid. In my process I take advantage of this known characteristic, and, therefore, I first, cause the oils to absorb oxygen by admixture with an oxidizing or acidifying agent, and secondly, I cause them to absorb carbonic acid.
The boiling of the oils can be carried on by applying heat directly to the containing vessel, or through the medium of the sand bath, or water bath, and the proportion of oxides used may be from three to five per cent, the boiling requiring two to five hours, the time varying according to the gravity of the oil,
and the oxygen carrier used. But as the boiling points of oils vary between from about 590 to about 620 Fahrenheit, and as these points of temperature are also very near the decomposing points of the oils, care must be exercised that the body and quality of the oils are not injured in the boiling. This danger of injury can be avoided, however, by the use of a steam jacket or water bath, which, while maintaining a much lower temperature, requires a longer exposure to its heat. The agents generally used for the above purposes, are the oxides and salts of lead, such as litharge, minium, and the acetates of lead, also oxides and salts of manganese. After cooling and settling, the oil is ready for the second step of my process, that of imparting to it carbonic acid. ThisI accomplish by'dissolving, grinding or mixing with the oil and.
by the aid of heat, if necessary, any agent that will absorb carbonic acid from the air,
'or that will give up carbonic acid having held it in combination, and thus impart it to the oil. I prefer to use for this purpose, those agents which have an affinity for, and will absorb carbonic acid, such as some of the metallic soaps, as alumina, magnesia, or alum soap, and monometaborate of soda, sulphate of magnesia, sulphate of alumina, borate of magnesia, basic acetate of lead, alum and the like chemical agents. One or more of these agents may be used, as the result desired and practice shall dictate, but the best effects are obtained by using those agents which have the property of making the oil alkaline or basic in addition to their power for absorbing carbonic acid, or which have an affinity for the oil and also for carbonic acid, such' as magnesia, or alumina soap, and basic acetate of lead, and any of the others may be afterward added such as borate of magnesia, and mono-metaborate of soda. The quantity of these agents used must be governed also largely by practice, but about five per cent. of metallic soap, ten per cent. of borate of magnesia, and fifteen per cent. of basic acetate of lead will give good results. After this treatment carbonic acid may be charged through the oil, and any of, the commercial oil driers added without departing from In invention.
A possible explanation of the apparent paradox, which I effect, that of an acidifying agent giving an acid reaction, and carbonic acid being evolved, and an alkaline or basic agent giving an alkaline or basic reaction and carbonic acid being absorbed, said actions going on apparently interchangeably, seems to be, that the acidifying agent unites progressively with a portion of the oil,evolving and setting free carbonic acid which is immediately seized and absorbed by a portion of the oil rendered alkaline or basic, and this action and reaction continue until mutual exhaustion or until a neutral point is reached.
acid, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The hereinbefore described process of causing oils to absorb carbonic acid, which consists in chemically combining with the oil an acidifying agent and then adding an alkaline agent capable of absorbing carbon-dioxide, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
4. The process of imparting drying properties to oils, or hastening the drying action of the same, consisting in first oxidizing, by boiling the oil in mixture with an oxygen carrier, and then adding a basic agent capable of absorbing carbonic acid, substantially as set forth.
5. The process of imparting drying properties to oils, or hastening the drying action of the same, consisting in first oxidizing, by boiling the oil mixture with an oxygen carrier, and then adding an alkaline agent, substantially as set forth.
WM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR.
WVitnesses:
FRANCIS P. REILLY, THEO. H. FRIEND.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US496991A true US496991A (en) | 1893-05-09 |
Family
ID=2565829
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US496991D Expired - Lifetime US496991A (en) | Process of imparting drying properties to oils |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US496991A (en) |
-
0
- US US496991D patent/US496991A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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