US4931094A - Titanium(IV)-chelates and their use in printing inks - Google Patents

Titanium(IV)-chelates and their use in printing inks Download PDF

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US4931094A
US4931094A US07/252,700 US25270088A US4931094A US 4931094 A US4931094 A US 4931094A US 25270088 A US25270088 A US 25270088A US 4931094 A US4931094 A US 4931094A
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titanium
chelates
printing inks
chelate
citrate
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Dieter Barfurth
Claus Lindzus
Heinz Nestler
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EIDP Inc
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Huels Troisdorf AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D11/00—Inks
    • C09D11/02—Printing inks
    • C09D11/14—Printing inks based on carbohydrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F7/003—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table without C-Metal linkages

Definitions

  • This invention relates to titanium(IV)-chelates which are derived from titanic acid esters in that at least one alkoxy group is replaced by a chelate former.
  • Titanium(IV)-chelates in which, for example, acetylacetone is used as the chelate former are known. These titanium acetylacetone-chelates, which are also known as titanium acetylacetonates, are commonly used as additives for flexographic printing inks based on nitrocellulose or cellulose ester derivatives.
  • the cross-linking effects of the titanium component in these chelates is reduced to such an extent that no cross-linking occurs in the printing ink itself; the cross-linking effect occurs only after imprinting of the substrate upon evaporation of the solvent and under the influence of humidity.
  • titanium acetylacetonates exhibit the following disadvantages when they are used in the above-mentioned printing inks:
  • antioxidants are, for example, contained in polyolefin foils or in heat-sealing substrates, so that printing inks containing titanium acetylacetonates cannot be employed for imprinting such materials without discoloration of the substrate.
  • alkoxy-titanium(IV)-chelates which contain citric acid esters as chelate formers.
  • these titanium-chelates are provided in the form of alcoholic solutions, so that these solutions and their employment in printing inks also constitute fulfillment of the above-mentioned objects.
  • the alkoxy groups of the novel titanium-chelates contain preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms; however, for special applications they may also contain up to 8 carbon atoms, inclusive, and they may further be interrupted by oxygen atoms.
  • the citric acid ester component of the novel chelates is derived from citric acid partial esters, preferably from those citric acid dialkyl esters whose alkyl groups contain preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • 1 or 2 of the alkoxy groups of a titanic acid ester may be replaced by the citric acid ester groups previously referred to. Accordingly, the ratio of alkoxy groups bonded with the central titanium atom to citric acid ester groups may range between 1:1 and 3:1. In addition, one or more of the original alkoxy groups may be replaced by other known chelate formers.
  • the novel titanium-chelates may be prepared in simple manner by reacting a titanic acid ester with an amount of citric acid ester corresponding to the desired end product, and subsequently distilling off the alcohol liberated by the reaction.
  • the reaction is advantageously carried out by adding the titanic acid ester to the citric acid ester which has been pre-heated to the reaction temperature.
  • the reaction temperature lies in the range between 20° and 100° C., preferably between 60° and 80° C.
  • the reaction is, in general, complete after a reaction period of 2 to 5 hours if it is carried out in the preferred temperature range.
  • the solutions which may optionally be further diluted with alcohols or other solvents when used in printing inks, exhibit at least the same, mostly, however, better properties with respect to titanium acetyl acetonate (TiACA).
  • TiACA titanium acetyl acetonate
  • the storability of these printing inks is favourable (Example 7) and can be compared such as for an addition of TiACA.
  • When storing for months usual is only a storage for some weeks) only a slight increase of the viscosity is obtained. (Only a viscosity from 2000 would be critical, but by diluting with small quantities of usual solvent it can be overcome).
  • TiACA has the disadvantage to discolor printing inks to become yellowish and white inks (TiO 2 ) becoming visibly and remarkably yellow, and up to now no remedy could be found.
  • the color of the novel chelates is light yellow to yellow. Surporisingly, no discoloration occurs either when these printing inks are applied to substrates which contain phenol-based antioxidants. Printing inks with any addition of the chelates under the invention remain without any odour.
  • the surprising improvement of printing inks by addition of the novel type of chelates under the invention can be taken from the Table of Example 8. There is shown the remission in percentage in dependence of the wave length ⁇ (100% remission of all wave lengths gives an optic impression of white).
  • White inks containing the Ti-chelates of the examples in the blue range have a higher remission so that optinally no discoloration can be found.
  • the printing inks for which the titanium chelate solutions are used are the usual printing inks on the basis of resins such as nitrocellulose or other cellulose ester derivatives, crosslinking and hardening by addition of modified titanium acid esters and the adhesion of which on polymer substrate by addition of modified titanates is improved.
  • the novel titanium chelate solutions no longer or only in a neglible extent have the disadvantages of titanium acetyl acetonate solutions indicated at the beginning.
  • the chelate was used with two groups of C 2 H 5 O and two residues of the diethylcitrate per mol of Ti of the formula C 24 H 40 O 16 Ti.
  • the chelate was used with two residues of isopropyl and two residues of teh diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C 26 H 44 O 16 Ti.
  • the chelate was used with two n-butyl-residues and two residues of the diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C 28 H 48 O 16 Ti.
  • the chelate was used with three n-butoxy-residues and one residue of the diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C 22 H 42 O 10 Ti.
  • the thus modified printing ink was applied by means of a film spreading spiral with a wet layer thickness of 12 ⁇ m to a corona-pretreated polypropylene foil, air-dried for 15 minutes, and then dried for 1 minute at 60° C. in a drying chamber with circulating air. Thereafter, the adhesion of the printing ink on the poly-propylene foil was determined by means of the adhesive tape tear-off test:
  • a strip of adhesive tape (for example Scotch tape) was applied to an area of about 4 cm 2 of dried printing ink, and the adhesive tape was pulled off again in one quick motion.
  • BHA butyl hydroxyanisole
  • titanium acetylacetonate solutions Upon admixture of butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) solutions with titanium acetylacetonate solutions a strong discoloration occurs. Since compounds such as BHA are also contained as antioxidants in various foils which are to be imprinted with printing inks, the reaction of solutions of the products according to the invention with a BHA solution, with BHT (2.6-di-tert.butyl-p-cresol), with HY (hydroquinone) and with MP (4-methoxyphenol).
  • BHA butyl hydroxyanisole
  • the disocoloration is substantially less, so that the chances of yellowing in printing of foils with printing inks which contain the products according to the present invention must also be considered as significantly less.
  • Viscosity behavior of a nitrocellulose printing ink after addition of the titanium chelate complexes according to the invention Viscosity behavior of a nitrocellulose printing ink after addition of the titanium chelate complexes according to the invention:
  • the viscosity was determined at intervals with a reaction viscosimeter and the printing ink was stored at 50° C. during the intervals between the viscosity measurements.
  • Remission diagrams of white antioxidants containing printing ink in dependence on the added additive A nitrocellulose printing ink containing 25 wt.-% of nitrocellulose of the norm type 34E, solved in ethanol ethyl-acetate, titanium dioxide as white pigment and additionally 1 wt.-% butyl hydroxyanisol (BHA) as antioxidant, one time without any further addition and one time with an addition of 4 wt.-% TiACA and then with other additives of each 4% titanium chelate according to Examples 1-3 with the foil drawing up spiral is torn in a wet layer thickness of 36 ⁇ m is on polypropylene foils. After drying in a color measuring apparatus Datacolor 3890 tests are made with respect to remission.
  • BHA butyl hydroxyanisol
  • Examples 1 to 4 were repeated, at which, however 2 mols of monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetraethyl titanate (Example 9), 2 mols monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetrabutyltitanate (Example 10 ) and 1 mol monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetraethyltitanate (Example 11) at 80° C. are used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

Novel alkoxy titanium(IV)-chelates are used to modify printing inks based on nitrocellulose or other cellulose ester derivatives. The novel chelates comprise citric acid alkyl esters as chelate formers. They delay, as other titanium chelates do, the well-known catalytic effect of the titanium component in cross-linking reactions. When used in printing inks, the novel titanium chelates and their alcoholic solutions have the advantage that they have an insignificant color of their own, so that they practically do not discolor the printing inks. A further advantage of the novel chelates resides in that they do not enter into alteration effects with antioxidants based on phenol, so that they can also be used for printing inks which are to be applied to polymeric substrates containing such antioxidants without the occurence of discoloration.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to titanium(IV)-chelates which are derived from titanic acid esters in that at least one alkoxy group is replaced by a chelate former.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Titanium(IV)-chelates in which, for example, acetylacetone is used as the chelate former are known. These titanium acetylacetone-chelates, which are also known as titanium acetylacetonates, are commonly used as additives for flexographic printing inks based on nitrocellulose or cellulose ester derivatives. The cross-linking effects of the titanium component in these chelates is reduced to such an extent that no cross-linking occurs in the printing ink itself; the cross-linking effect occurs only after imprinting of the substrate upon evaporation of the solvent and under the influence of humidity.
However, the titanium acetylacetonates exhibit the following disadvantages when they are used in the above-mentioned printing inks:
Because of their intense reddish brown color, they impart a yellowish tinge to white printing inks. In addition, upon drying on the substrate they often develop an undesirable odor. Furthermore, the above-mentioned discoloration occurs especially in the case of those substrate materials which contain antioxidants based on phenol. Such antioxidants are, for example, contained in polyolefin foils or in heat-sealing substrates, so that printing inks containing titanium acetylacetonates cannot be employed for imprinting such materials without discoloration of the substrate.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a titanium-chelate in which the cross-linking effect of the titanium component is reduced to the same extent as in titanium acetylacetonates, so that cross-linking and adhesion in compositions modified with these chelates do not take place until during or after the evaporation of the solvent.
It is another object of this invention to provide a titanium-chelate which does not produce any or only very minor discoloration when it is used in printing inks based on cellulose esters.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
We have discovered that the above objects are achieved by alkoxy-titanium(IV)-chelates which contain citric acid esters as chelate formers. For use in the above-mentioned printing inks, these titanium-chelates are provided in the form of alcoholic solutions, so that these solutions and their employment in printing inks also constitute fulfillment of the above-mentioned objects.
The alkoxy groups of the novel titanium-chelates contain preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms; however, for special applications they may also contain up to 8 carbon atoms, inclusive, and they may further be interrupted by oxygen atoms.
The citric acid ester component of the novel chelates is derived from citric acid partial esters, preferably from those citric acid dialkyl esters whose alkyl groups contain preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
In the noval chelates pursuant to the present invention, 1 or 2 of the alkoxy groups of a titanic acid ester may be replaced by the citric acid ester groups previously referred to. Accordingly, the ratio of alkoxy groups bonded with the central titanium atom to citric acid ester groups may range between 1:1 and 3:1. In addition, one or more of the original alkoxy groups may be replaced by other known chelate formers.
The novel titanium-chelates may be prepared in simple manner by reacting a titanic acid ester with an amount of citric acid ester corresponding to the desired end product, and subsequently distilling off the alcohol liberated by the reaction. The reaction is advantageously carried out by adding the titanic acid ester to the citric acid ester which has been pre-heated to the reaction temperature. The reaction temperature lies in the range between 20° and 100° C., preferably between 60° and 80° C. The reaction is, in general, complete after a reaction period of 2 to 5 hours if it is carried out in the preferred temperature range. For the preparation of the pure esters an amount of alcohol is distilled off which corresponds to the amount of citric acid ester provided.
If it is decided to obtain alcoholic solutions of the novel titanium-chelate, it is of course not necessary to distill off the entire amount of alcohol released by the reaction. In that case only so much alcohol is distilled off as is required for the preparation of a ready-to-use chelate. Sometimes no alcohol at all need to be distilled off. The solutions obtained in this manner have a chelate content which is in excess of 80% by weight.
The solutions, which may optionally be further diluted with alcohols or other solvents when used in printing inks, exhibit at least the same, mostly, however, better properties with respect to titanium acetyl acetonate (TiACA). Quantities between 1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 4 wt.-%, referred to the weight of the printing ink, can be admixed without effecting a gel formation of the printing ink and have, however, the ability, to considerably improve the adhesion of the ink to the substrate. The storability of these printing inks is favourable (Example 7) and can be compared such as for an addition of TiACA. When storing for months (usual is only a storage for some weeks) only a slight increase of the viscosity is obtained. (Only a viscosity from 2000 would be critical, but by diluting with small quantities of usual solvent it can be overcome).
The novel titanium chelates of the citric acid are decisively superior compared with TiACA, based on the fact that no discoloration of the printing inks--even not for white printing inks--is effected. TiACA has the disadvantage to discolor printing inks to become yellowish and white inks (TiO2) becoming visibly and remarkably yellow, and up to now no remedy could be found.
The color of the novel chelates is light yellow to yellow. Surporisingly, no discoloration occurs either when these printing inks are applied to substrates which contain phenol-based antioxidants. Printing inks with any addition of the chelates under the invention remain without any odour.
The surprising improvement of printing inks by addition of the novel type of chelates under the invention can be taken from the Table of Example 8. There is shown the remission in percentage in dependence of the wave length λ (100% remission of all wave lengths gives an optic impression of white). TiACA containing white ink has a low remission in the blue range (λ=400-45 nm) and high remission in the red range compared with the samples of comparison. This corresponds to a visible yellow discoloration. White inks containing the Ti-chelates of the examples in the blue range have a higher remission so that optinally no discoloration can be found.
The avoidance of discoloration for printing inks by titanium chelates under the invention makes possible the addition of chelates also in such cases and bigger quantities where the users of printing inks could not tolerate TiACA hitherto.
The printing inks for which the titanium chelate solutions are used, are the usual printing inks on the basis of resins such as nitrocellulose or other cellulose ester derivatives, crosslinking and hardening by addition of modified titanium acid esters and the adhesion of which on polymer substrate by addition of modified titanates is improved. The novel titanium chelate solutions no longer or only in a neglible extent have the disadvantages of titanium acetyl acetonate solutions indicated at the beginning.
The substances according to Examples 1 to 4 and 9 to 11 have the following formula:
Ti(OR).sub.4-n (citrate).sub.n,
in which means R=--C2 H5,--C3 H7 or i-resp. n--C4 H9, n=1or 2 and citrate the radicals of dialkylcitrate or monoalkylcitrate with alkyl=R.
EXAMPLE 1
Preparation of diethylcitrate-(2:1)-titanium chelate from ethyl titanate:
446.4 gm (1.8 mols) of diethylcitrate were placed into a 1000-ml round-bottom flask which was provided with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a condenser, and heated to 80° C.
Thereafter, 205.2 gm (0.9 mol) of ethyl titanate were added dropwise over a period of about 5 hours. After all of the titanate had been added, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes more at 80° C.
A light yellow liquid with the following characteristic values was obtained:
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction   about 1.46                                          
Density (20° C.)                                                   
                      about 1.1 gm/ml                                     
Viscosity             about 100 mPa.s                                     
Titanium dioxide content                                                  
                      about 11.0% TiO.sub.2                               
Solubility                                                                
water                 <0.5%                                               
in isopropanol                                                            
in ethyl acetate      10% solutions are stable                            
in methyl ethyl ketone                                                    
                      without changes over a                              
in toluene            period of more than 4 weeks                         
in methylene chloride                                                     
in heptane            10% insoluble (forms a                              
                      bottom deposit)                                     
______________________________________
Fro the above mixture 2 mol ethanol per mol titanium chelate (at 30° C. and diminished pressure) were removed.
Analysis found: 45,6% C. 6,6% H 12,3% Ti.
Calculated: 45,6% C. 6,3% H 12,6% Ti.
For the calculation the chelate was used with two groups of C2 H5 O and two residues of the diethylcitrate per mol of Ti of the formula C24 H40 O16 Ti.
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction n.sub.D.sup.20                                        
                       1,49                                               
Density 20° C.  1,24 gm/ml                                         
Viscosity (20° C.)                                                 
                       8100 mPa.s                                         
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 2
Preparation of diethyl citrate--(2:1)-titanium-chelate from isopropyl titanate:
421.6 gm (1.7 mol) of diethyl citrate were placed into a 1000-ml round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a condenser, and hold at 20° C.
Thereafter, 241.4 gm (0.85 mol) of isopropyl titanate were added dropwise over a period of about 3.5 hours. After all of the titanate had been added the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes more at 20° C.
A light yellow liquid with the following characteristic values was obtained:
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction n.sub.D.sup.20                                        
                     about 1.47                                           
Density (20° C.)                                                   
                     about 1.1 gm/ml                                      
Viscosity            about 500 mPa.s                                      
Titanium dioxide content                                                  
                     about 10.3% TiO.sub.2                                
Solubility                                                                
in water             <0.5%                                                
in isopropanol                                                            
in ethyl acetate     10% solutions are stable                             
in methyl ethyl ketone                                                    
                     without change for more                              
in toluene           than 4 weeks                                         
in methylene chloride                                                     
in heptane           mixture in ratio 1:9 forms two                       
                     layers.                                              
______________________________________
From the above mixture 2 mol isopropanol per mol of titanium-chelate (at 30° C. and diminished pressure) were removed.
Analysis found: 47,1% C. 6.7% H 12.3% Ti. Calculated: 47.3% C. 6.7% H 12.1% Ti.
For the calculation the chelate was used with two residues of isopropyl and two residues of teh diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C26 H44 O16 Ti.
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction n.sub.D.sup.20                                        
                      1,49                                                
Density 20° C. 1,23 gm/ml                                          
Viscosity (20° C.)                                                 
                      22300 mPa.s                                         
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 3
Preparation of diethyl citrate--(2:1)-titanium-chelate from butyl titanate:
396.8 gm (1.6 mol) of diethyl citrate were placed into a 1000-ml round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, dropping funnel and condenser, and the contents were heated to 80° C.
Thereafter, 272 gm (0.8 mol) of butyl titanate were added dropwise over a period of about 1.5 hours. After all of the titanate had been added the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes more at 80° C.
An orange-yellow liquid with the following characteristic values was obtained:
______________________________________                                    
Refractive index n.sub.D.sup.20                                           
                        about 1.48                                        
Density (20° C.) about 1.1 gm/ml                                   
Viscosity               about 140 mPa.S                                   
Titanium dioxide content                                                  
                        about 9.6% TiO.sub.2                              
Solubility                                                                
in water                <0.5%                                             
in isopropanol                                                            
in ethyl acetate        10% solutions are stable                          
in methyl ethyl ketone  without change for more                           
in toluene              than 4 weeks                                      
in methylene chloride                                                     
in heptane                                                                
______________________________________
From the above mixture 2 mol n-butanol per mol titanium chelate (at 30° C. and diminished pressure) were removed.
Analysis found: 48,9% C. 7,1% H 11,8% Ti.
Calculated 48.8% C. 7.0% H 11.6% Ti.
For the calculation the chelate was used with two n-butyl-residues and two residues of the diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C28 H48 O16 Ti.
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction n.sub.D.sup.20                                        
                       1,50                                               
Density 20° C.  1,19 gm/ml                                         
Viscosity (20° C.)                                                 
                       7050 mPa.s                                         
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 4
Preparation of diethyl citrate--(1:1)-titanium chelate from butyl titanate:
248 gm (1.0 mol) of diethyl citrate were placed into a 1000-ml round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a dropping funnel and a condenser, and the contents were heated to 80° C.
Thereafter, 340 gm (1.0 mol) of butyl titanate were added dropwise over a period of about 1.5 hours. After all of the titanate had been added, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes more at 80° C.
An orange-yellow liquid with the following characteristics values was obtained:
______________________________________                                    
Refractive index n.sub.D.sup.20                                           
                        about 1.48                                        
Density: (20° C.)                                                  
                        about 1.06 gm/ml                                  
Viscosity               about 120 mPa.s                                   
Titanium dioxide content                                                  
                        about 13.6% TiO.sub.2                             
Solubility                                                                
in water                <0.5%                                             
in isopropanol                                                            
in ethyl acetate        10% solutions are stable                          
in methyl ethyl ketone  without change for more                           
in toluene              than 4 weeks                                      
in methyle chloride                                                       
in heptane                                                                
______________________________________
From the above mixture 3 mols n-butanol per mol titanium chelate (at 30° C. and diminished pressure) were removed.
Analysis found: 51.4% C. 8.2% H 15.8% Ti.
Calculated: 51.4% C. 8.2% H 15.6% Ti.
For the calculation the chelate was used with three n-butoxy-residues and one residue of the diethylcitrate per Ti of the formula C22 H42 O10 Ti.
______________________________________                                    
Index of refraction n.sub.D.sup.20                                        
                       1,50                                               
Density 20° C.  1,13 gm/ml                                         
Viscosity (20° C.)                                                 
                       1300 mPa.s                                         
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 5
Description of the adhesion promoting affect of the products according to examples 1 to 3 in a nitrocellulose printing ink on polypropylene:
A nitrocellulose printing ink which contained 25% nitro cellulose of the Norm-type 34E dissolved in ethanol-ethyl acetate and titanium dioxide as the white pigment, was admixed with 4% by weight of the titanium chelate complexes obtained in accordance with the present invention in Examples 1 to 3 (see table below), and the mixture was stirred for a few minutes. The thus modified printing ink was applied by means of a film spreading spiral with a wet layer thickness of 12 μm to a corona-pretreated polypropylene foil, air-dried for 15 minutes, and then dried for 1 minute at 60° C. in a drying chamber with circulating air. Thereafter, the adhesion of the printing ink on the poly-propylene foil was determined by means of the adhesive tape tear-off test:
A strip of adhesive tape (for example Scotch tape) was applied to an area of about 4 cm2 of dried printing ink, and the adhesive tape was pulled off again in one quick motion.
              TABLE of Results                                            
______________________________________                                    
              Amount of printing                                          
Additive      ink layer torn off in %                                     
______________________________________                                    
According to Example 1                                                    
              (from ethyl titanate)                                       
                               about 5%                                   
According to Example 2                                                    
              (from isopropyltitanate)                                    
                               about 2%                                   
According to Example 3                                                    
              (from butyl titante)                                        
                               about 5%                                   
Titanium acetylacetonate                                                  
              (as a comparison)                                           
                               about 5%                                   
______________________________________
The comparison with the titanium acetylacetonate was performed in the like manner with like amounts.
In comparison with TiACA the same or better quality (Example 2 ) adhesion was performed.
EXAMPLE 6
Test of the reaction of the titanium chelate complexes according to the invention with antioxidants:
Upon admixture of butyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) solutions with titanium acetylacetonate solutions a strong discoloration occurs. Since compounds such as BHA are also contained as antioxidants in various foils which are to be imprinted with printing inks, the reaction of solutions of the products according to the invention with a BHA solution, with BHT (2.6-di-tert.butyl-p-cresol), with HY (hydroquinone) and with MP (4-methoxyphenol).
The disocoloration is substantially less, so that the chances of yellowing in printing of foils with printing inks which contain the products according to the present invention must also be considered as significantly less.
              TABLE of Results                                            
______________________________________                                    
(mixture of 1% solutions in isopropanol)                                  
                 Color number according to                                
                 Gardner                                                  
Additive         BHA    BHT      HY   MP                                  
______________________________________                                    
Titanium acetylacetonate                                                  
                 11     3-4      10   8                                   
Titanium complex                                                          
according to Example 1                                                    
                 3      2        6    4                                   
Titanium complex                                                          
according to Example 2                                                    
                 2      2        6    4                                   
Titanium complex                                                          
according to Example 3                                                    
                 3      2        5    4                                   
______________________________________
By this discoloration caused by antioxidants of the titanium chelates under the invention are considerably less than by TiACA.
EXAMPLE 7
Viscosity behavior of a nitrocellulose printing ink after addition of the titanium chelate complexes according to the invention:
A white printing ink which contained 25% of an ester-soluble nitrocellulose, to which 4% of the substance to be tested had been added, served as the test medium. The viscosity was determined at intervals with a reaction viscosimeter and the printing ink was stored at 50° C. during the intervals between the viscosity measurements.
              TABLE of Results                                            
______________________________________                                    
          Viscosity in mPa.s after                                        
          storage period at 50° C.                                 
Additive  1 day   1 week  2 weeks                                         
                                 1 month                                  
                                        2 months                          
______________________________________                                    
Titanium acetyl                                                           
acetonate 560     480     480    440    850                               
Titanium chelate                                                          
complex of                                                                
          600     470     460    530    900                               
Example 2                                                                 
______________________________________
EXAMPLE 8
Remission diagrams of white antioxidants containing printing ink in dependence on the added additive: A nitrocellulose printing ink containing 25 wt.-% of nitrocellulose of the norm type 34E, solved in ethanol ethyl-acetate, titanium dioxide as white pigment and additionally 1 wt.-% butyl hydroxyanisol (BHA) as antioxidant, one time without any further addition and one time with an addition of 4 wt.-% TiACA and then with other additives of each 4% titanium chelate according to Examples 1-3 with the foil drawing up spiral is torn in a wet layer thickness of 36μm is on polypropylene foils. After drying in a color measuring apparatus Datacolor 3890 tests are made with respect to remission.
Depending on the wave length λ (nm) of the radiated light the following remission values (in %) are obtained).
__________________________________________________________________________
White ink with                                                            
             Remission bei λ =                                     
1% BHA-addition                                                           
             400 nm                                                       
                 450 nm                                                   
                     500 nm                                               
                         550 nm                                           
                             600 nm                                       
                                 700 nm                                   
__________________________________________________________________________
without additive                                                          
             60  77  78  79  80  79                                       
with 4% TiACA                                                             
             13  17  30  56  73  78                                       
with 4% Titaniumchelate                                                   
             45  58  65  73  74  75                                       
(Ex. 1)                                                                   
with 4% Titaniumchelate                                                   
             44  57  66  74  77  77                                       
(Ex. 2)                                                                   
with 4% Titaniumchelate                                                   
             48  62  70  77  79  79                                       
(Ex. 3)                                                                   
__________________________________________________________________________
While by addition of BHA alone no discoloration is obtained, the additional feed of titanium acetyl acetonate results into a color of deep orange, but by the addition to titanium chelates under the invention only a scarcely discoloration to yellowish is received.
EXAMPLES 9 to 11
Examples 1 to 4 were repeated, at which, however 2 mols of monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetraethyl titanate (Example 9), 2 mols monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetrabutyltitanate (Example 10 ) and 1 mol monoethylcitrate with 1 mol tetraethyltitanate (Example 11) at 80° C. are used.
There obtained bis-(monoethylcitrate)-diethyltitanate (Example 9).
Bis-(monoethylcitrate)-dibutyltitanate (Example 10)
Monoethylcitrate-triethyl-titanate (Example 11) in solution of that alcohol which was released during the reaction. Evaporation of the alcohol as in Examples 1 to 4 and the elementary analysis of the residue confirmed the corresponding formulas and the calculated molecular weights.

Claims (5)

We claim:
1. A titanium chelate of the formula:
Ti(OR).sub.4-n (citrate).sub.n
wherein
R is ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or butyl,
n is 1 or 2, and
citrate is the radical of a monoalkyl or dialkyl citrate, the alkyl moiety of which is ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or butyl.
2. A solution of a titanium chelate of the formula
Ti(OR).sub.4-n (citrate).sub.n:ps
wherein
R is ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or butyl,
n is 1 or 2, and
citrate is the radical of a monoalkyl or dialkyl citrate, the alkyl moiety of which is ethyl, propyl, isobutyl or butyl in an alkanol of the formula
ROH
wherein R has the meanings previously defined and is identical to R in said titanium chelate.
3. The method of preparing a titanium chelate of claim 1, which comprises reacting a tetraalkyl titanate with a citric acid dialkyl ester, and distilling off the alcohol liberated by the reaction.
4. The method of preparing an alkanolic solution of claim 2, which comprises reacting a tetraalkyl titanate with a citric acid dialkyl ester at a temperature between 20°and 100° C., and evaporating the alcohol in the reaction mixture to the desired alcohol content.
5. A printing ink composition comprising a printing ink and a titanium chelate solution of claim 2.
US07/252,700 1987-10-05 1988-10-03 Titanium(IV)-chelates and their use in printing inks Expired - Lifetime US4931094A (en)

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DE19873733608 DE3733608A1 (en) 1987-10-05 1987-10-05 NEW TITANIUM (IV) CHELESES AND THEIR USE IN PRINTING COLORS

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5021596A (en) * 1988-02-25 1991-06-04 Huels Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft Zirconium chelates, their preparation, and their use in printing inks
US5428103A (en) * 1992-12-17 1995-06-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Titanium(IV) chelates and their use in polysiloxane materials
WO1998030642A1 (en) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 Formulabs Methods for improving the adhesion and/or colorfastness of ink jet inks with respect to substrates applied thereto, and compositions useful therefor
US5859087A (en) * 1995-10-17 1999-01-12 Dsm Nv Radiation-curable primer coating composition and a polyolefin film or molded article coated with the cured primer
USH1967H1 (en) * 1998-07-02 2001-06-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods for improving the adhesion and/or colorfastness of ink jet inks with respect to substrates applied thereto
US10259954B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-04-16 Borica Co., Ltd. Adhesion promoter and ink composition

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE4023851A1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1992-01-30 Huels Chemische Werke Ag NEW COLD-TABLE TITANCHELATES

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US3387994A (en) * 1965-04-09 1968-06-11 Du Pont Process for rendering glass scratch resistant by decomposition of a titanium ester chelate
US3682688A (en) * 1970-06-17 1972-08-08 Du Pont Method of fixing a chelated organic titanate vehicle to a substrate
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US2966505A (en) * 1956-08-24 1960-12-27 Du Pont Preparation of organic titanium compounds
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US3387994A (en) * 1965-04-09 1968-06-11 Du Pont Process for rendering glass scratch resistant by decomposition of a titanium ester chelate
US3682688A (en) * 1970-06-17 1972-08-08 Du Pont Method of fixing a chelated organic titanate vehicle to a substrate
US4113757A (en) * 1976-03-13 1978-09-12 Tioxide Group Limited Titanium compounds
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5021596A (en) * 1988-02-25 1991-06-04 Huels Troisdorf Aktiengesellschaft Zirconium chelates, their preparation, and their use in printing inks
US5428103A (en) * 1992-12-17 1995-06-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Titanium(IV) chelates and their use in polysiloxane materials
US5565595A (en) * 1992-12-17 1996-10-15 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Titanium(IV) chelates and their use in polysiloxane materials
US5859087A (en) * 1995-10-17 1999-01-12 Dsm Nv Radiation-curable primer coating composition and a polyolefin film or molded article coated with the cured primer
WO1998030642A1 (en) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 Formulabs Methods for improving the adhesion and/or colorfastness of ink jet inks with respect to substrates applied thereto, and compositions useful therefor
US5897694A (en) * 1997-01-06 1999-04-27 Formulabs Methods for improving the adhesion and/or colorfastness of ink jet inks with respect to substrates applied thereto, and compositions useful therefor
USH1967H1 (en) * 1998-07-02 2001-06-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Methods for improving the adhesion and/or colorfastness of ink jet inks with respect to substrates applied thereto
US10259954B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-04-16 Borica Co., Ltd. Adhesion promoter and ink composition
US10259953B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-04-16 Borica Co., Ltd. Adhesion promoted and ink composition

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EP0310986B1 (en) 1992-09-23
EP0310986A2 (en) 1989-04-12
EP0310986A3 (en) 1989-09-06
DE3733608C2 (en) 1991-05-16
CA1319934C (en) 1993-07-06
JPH01106892A (en) 1989-04-24
DE3874850D1 (en) 1992-10-29
DE3733608A1 (en) 1989-04-13

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