US488470A - Process of reducing franklinite ores - Google Patents
Process of reducing franklinite ores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US488470A US488470A US488470DA US488470A US 488470 A US488470 A US 488470A US 488470D A US488470D A US 488470DA US 488470 A US488470 A US 488470A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- franklinite
- zincite
- willemite
- ores
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052844 willemite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910000635 Spelter Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001301 Spiegeleisen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)silane;manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O ASTZLJPZXLHCSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 rhodonite Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052883 rhodonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052841 tephroite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/021—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes by reduction in solid state, e.g. by segregation processes
Definitions
- the zinc ores ofshire county, New Jersey consist of an intimate mixture of franklinite, willemite, zincite, calcite and other gangue, together with irregular quantities of the silicates of manganese. This mixture is commonly known as franklinite ore.
- the only commercial method for the manufacture of spelter from these ores has been to work for that purpose the oxide produced by the Wetherill furnace or that collected in the manu-- facture ofspiegeleisen; the amount of iron and manganese in the ores as they occur prohibiting their use in a large way in the ordinary spelter furnace.
- the object of my invention is the separation of both the willemite and zincite from the franklinite in such condition that the willemite and zincite can both be used directly for the manufacture of spelter or oxide of zinc while the franklinite mineral after having been separated from the other minerals in the manner below described is greatly improved for the manufacture of the oxide of zinc, and the residuum from said franklinite is lower in silica and higher in manganese and iron, and therefore better adapted to the manufacture of apteisen than the residuum obtained from the original franklinite ores.
- the ores if associated with large quantities of calcite or other gangue and of the silicates of manganese may be first hand-picked for the purpose of separating the lumps of ore containing these minerals from those consisting chiefly of willemite, zincite and franklinite.
- the last mentioned minerals, either pure or associated with some calcite or other gangue and some of the silicates of manganese are then crushed to such a size that the different minerals are broken apart sufitlciently to be separated.
- the calcite or other gangue which may be associated with this crushed ore may then be removed by any gravity jig.
- the remaining portion of the crushed ore is then treated by heating it with reducing materials or in any other known way to render the franklinite magnetic, z'. e.-susceptible to attraction by a magnet, and the then magnetic franklinite is separated from the willemite and zincite by the use of any magnetic separator, adapted for finely ground ores.
- the willemite and zincite are thus left in a state of sufficient purity to be Worked directly in a Belgian or any other suitable furnace for the manufacture of spelter; and after making many tons of spelter from this prepared ore I have found that the life of the retort-s is longer than when used in working the ordinary ores of zinc.
- the willemite and zincite may also be used if desired, for the manufacture of oxide of zinc employing for this purpose the Wetherill or any other suitable furnace.
- the franklinite containing but a small proportion, if any of willemite or zincite, is then treated in the Wetherill or any other suitable furnace for the manufacture of the oxide of zinc and I have found on a practical test after treating many tons of this separated frankiinite that it can be worked in larger charges and can be more closely and profitably worked than the origithe process consisting in treating the franknal ore.
- the residuum from this separated franklinite is then smelted in the usual way for the manufacture of apteisen.
- the process consisting in treating the franklinite to render it magnetic, separating it by magnets from the Willemite and zincite, reducing the Willemite and zincite to spelter by the Belgian or other suitable furnace, and treating the franklinite in the VVetherill or other suitable furnace for the manufacture of oxide of zinc, substantially as set forth.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
UNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGE G. GONVERS, OF SALISBURY, PENNSYLVANIA.
PROCESS OF REDUCING FRANKLINITE ORES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 488,470, dated December 20, 1892.
Application filed February 29, 1892. Serial No. 428,281. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, GEORGE G. Convnuaa citizen of the United States, residingin Salisbury township, Lehigh county, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Processes for Reducing Ores Containing Franklinite, VVillemite, and Zincite, of which invention the following is a specification.
The zinc ores of Sussex county, New Jersey, consist of an intimate mixture of franklinite, willemite, zincite, calcite and other gangue, together with irregular quantities of the silicates of manganese. This mixture is commonly known as franklinite ore. The only commercial method for the manufacture of spelter from these ores has been to work for that purpose the oxide produced by the Wetherill furnace or that collected in the manu-- facture ofspiegeleisen; the amount of iron and manganese in the ores as they occur prohibiting their use in a large way in the ordinary spelter furnace.
I am familiar with Patent No. 297,480 dated April 22, 1884, for a process of reducing franklinite ores. In that patent it is specifically stated that the separation between franklinite and willemite is made by gravity jigging, but no provision is therein made for the separation from the franklinite of the zincite which, having almost the same specific gravity as franklinite, cannot be separated from it by jigging or any method depending upon specific gravity. The zincite is therefore lost so far as the manufacture of spelter is concerned.
The object of my invention is the separation of both the willemite and zincite from the franklinite in such condition that the willemite and zincite can both be used directly for the manufacture of spelter or oxide of zinc while the franklinite mineral after having been separated from the other minerals in the manner below described is greatly improved for the manufacture of the oxide of zinc, and the residuum from said franklinite is lower in silica and higher in manganese and iron, and therefore better adapted to the manufacture of spiegeleisen than the residuum obtained from the original franklinite ores.
In carrying out my process the ores if associated with large quantities of calcite or other gangue and of the silicates of manganese, such as rhodonite, fowlerite and tephroite may be first hand-picked for the purpose of separating the lumps of ore containing these minerals from those consisting chiefly of willemite, zincite and franklinite. The last mentioned minerals, either pure or associated with some calcite or other gangue and some of the silicates of manganese are then crushed to such a size that the different minerals are broken apart sufitlciently to be separated. The calcite or other gangue which may be associated with this crushed ore may then be removed by any gravity jig. The remaining portion of the crushed ore is then treated by heating it with reducing materials or in any other known way to render the franklinite magnetic, z'. e.-susceptible to attraction by a magnet, and the then magnetic franklinite is separated from the willemite and zincite by the use of any magnetic separator, adapted for finely ground ores. The willemite and zincite are thus left in a state of sufficient purity to be Worked directly in a Belgian or any other suitable furnace for the manufacture of spelter; and after making many tons of spelter from this prepared ore I have found that the life of the retort-s is longer than when used in working the ordinary ores of zinc. The willemite and zincite may also be used if desired, for the manufacture of oxide of zinc employing for this purpose the Wetherill or any other suitable furnace.
I have above specified the use of the jig for the separation of the calcite and other gangue, before the magnetization and separation of the franklinite, but there is sometimes an economic advantage in deferring the operation of jigging until after the magnetization and separation of the franklinite, since the quantity of ore to be treated by jigging has then been lessened by the quantity of the franklinite separated. The franklinite containing but a small proportion, if any of willemite or zincite, is then treated in the Wetherill or any other suitable furnace for the manufacture of the oxide of zinc and I have found on a practical test after treating many tons of this separated frankiinite that it can be worked in larger charges and can be more closely and profitably worked than the origithe process consisting in treating the franknal ore. The residuum from this separated franklinite is then smelted in the usual way for the manufacture of spiegeleisen.
I claim:
1. The herein described process of treating ores containing franklinite, Willemite and zincite, which consists in treating the franklinite to render it magnetic, separating it by magnets from the Willemite and zincite, reducing the Willemite and zincite to spelter by a Belgian or other suitable furnace, treating the franklinite in the Wetherill or other suitable furnace for the manufacture of oxide of zinc and smelting the residuum from the franklinite for spiegeleisen, substantially as set forth.
2. For the manufacture of spelter from ores containing franklinite, willemite and zincite,
linite to render it magnetic, separating it by magnets from the willemite and zincite, and reducing the Willemite and zincite to spelter by a Belgian or other suitable furnace, substantially as set forth.
3. For the manufacture of the oxide of zinc l from ores containing franklinite, Willemite and zincite,the process consisting in treating the franklinite to render it magnetic, separating it by magnets from the Willemite and zincite, reducing the Willemite and zincite to spelter by the Belgian or other suitable furnace, and treating the franklinite in the VVetherill or other suitable furnace for the manufacture of oxide of zinc, substantially as set forth.
4. For the manufacture of oxide of zinc from ores containing franklinite, willemite and zincite, the process consisting in treating the franklinite to render it magnetic, separating it by magnets from the willemite and zincite, and treatingthe separated franklinite alone and the Willemite and zincite together in the \Vetherill or othersuitable furnace for the manufacture of the oxide of zinc, substantially as set forth.
GEORGE G. CONVERS.
Witnesses:
CHAS. W. OLEWELL, ALLEN FELLENGER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US488470A true US488470A (en) | 1892-12-20 |
Family
ID=2557316
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US488470D Expired - Lifetime US488470A (en) | Process of reducing franklinite ores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US488470A (en) |
-
0
- US US488470D patent/US488470A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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