US487316A

US487316A - andeesson

Info

Publication number: US487316A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 1909-12-06

Description

GBNTRIPUGAL B UTTER EXTRAGTOR.

Patenged D60,v 6

me noms Parana cc., wummuo., wAsHlNmoN. n, c;

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-#Sheet 2.

G. M. MDERSSOBI.4 GENTRIFUGAL BUTTER BXTRAGTOB.

10.487,316. 4 Patentedneo. 6,1892.

UNTTED STATES PATENT EEICE.

GUSTAF M. ANDERSSON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNITED STATES BUTTER EXTRAOTOR COMPANY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

CEN TRIFUGAL BUTTER-EXTRACTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,316, dated December 6, 1892.

Application filed June 30, 1890. Serial No. 357,307. (No model.)

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsTAE M. ANDERssoN, a subject of the King of Sweden and Norway, and a resident of Newark, New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof.

This invention relates generally to centrifugal apparatus for separating substances of different specitic gravities, and in some of its features it is particularly adapted for a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus for carrying out centrifugal butter-makingprocesses, such as are shown in patent to O. A. Johansson, No. 399,61, dated March l2, 1889.

The object of this invention is to improve the construct-ion and increase the efficiency of such machines.

The invention consists in part of new constructions of the feeding device and the devices for guiding, keeping separate, and discharging the separated substances.

It also includes new devices for regulating the temperature and for supplying a lubricating fluid-such as water-fwhen the apparatus is used as a butter-extractor to the portions of the apparatus containing the thick masses of separated butter.

It also includes various other improvements in the construction of the working parts.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical central section, but with the lower portion of the frame broken away, of a centrifugal apparatus embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal section on the line 3 3, l. Figa is a vertical section of the upper part of the apparatus, showing a modification.

The frame consists of a fixed casing b, provided with a removable cover Z2 and supported by a suitable base a of ordinary construction, the upper portion only of which is shown. The operating-shaft c is arranged vertically and rotatively mounted in bearings of usual construction. The upper bearing c is shown in Fig. l. `It is provided witha device for supplying it, with oil and its upper tition g,

partbis covered by a cap secured to the caslng The separating-drum (Z, which forms the major element of the centrifugal apparatus, is securely fixed upon the upper end of' the operating-shaft c. This drum is preferably of the shape and construction shown in the drawings, the lower portion being substantially cylindrical, the middle portion being conical or tapering, so that the drum is considerably smaller in diameter at the top than at the bottom and the extreme upper portion cylindrical. In the operation of the rnachine this drum is revolved at a rate of from six thousand to eight thousand revolutions per minute.

The mixed substances to be separated must be fed into the machine in a substantially-Huid condition and are preferably supplied in a continuous but regulated stream. The vessel e, mounted upon the cover h', receives this mixed Huid through the pipe e. A float-valve e2 is arranged at the end of this pipe e and regulates the supply of duid by closing whenever a predetermined depth is attained in the vessel e. The feed-tubef extends from the bottom of the vessel e downward into the drum d. A spread-cup is arranged in the drum to receive the fluid from the feed-tube and is provided with devices for imparting rotation to the finiti and one or more passages from the cup to the drum. This spread-cup is formed by the downwardly and outwardly inclined or conical partition g and the bottom of the drum. The inclined or conical partition g is supported just abovethe bottoni of the drum, leaving an opening all around the cup for the passage of the fluid outof the spreadcup. This conical partition is, when my entire invention is used, constructed so that its lower edge projects within the wall of lighter uid in the drum,and the opening under the plies the fluid at a point farther fronrthe axis A of revolution than this inner wall of material. The devices for imparting rotation to the Huid in the spread-cup consist of the radial blades or ribs g and the central spreader g2, and 'together t'orm the supporting-frame for the parsuch partition being secured to or IOO formed upon the outer edges of the blades, and this supporting-frame is securelylixed t0 the bottom of the drum d. In Fig. 3 the partition g is partly broken away to more clearly show the ribs and central spreader. The fluid passes down from the mouth of the feed-tube f to the spreader g2 and is then thrown out ward and revolved by the blades g and passes under the partition g and out toward the periphery of the drum d.

Radial blades h are prov-ided extending from the bottom to the top of the drum d to compel the liquid to part-ake of the revolution of the drum. These blades are preferably constructed, as shown,with openingsat the outer periphery of the drum to permit circulation of the liquid. n

Theintense centrifugal force resulting from the rapid revolution of the drum causes a separation ofthe particles of the duid and a rearrangement of these particles, according to their specific gravities, the heavier particles arranging themselves near the periphery of the drum and the lighter ,particles nearest the center forminga wall, the inner periphery of which will be about in the position indicated by the dotted lines x. The outlet for the heavierparticles is provided bytheinclined tube i, extendingfromapointwithin thedrum,neartheouter wall of the drum, downward and out of the drum.` This tube is shown secured to one of the radial blades h. One such tube is shown in the drawings; but it is obvious that others similarly arranged may be used. A receiver j is formed in the bottom of the casing b, into which the heavier substance passes from the mouth of the tube t', and aspoutj leads from this receiver out ofthe machine.

An inwardly extending .partition is arranged in the upper-part of the drumconcentric with the drum and having its inner edge or `lip arranged to lie in the -wall of the lighter particles. This partition it is preferably formed in one piece with the top of thedrum and inclined downward and inward from the periphery of the drum. arates the interior of the drum into-two chambers, communicating with each other only over the inner edge or lip of the partition k. This inner edge or lip is about in the circle of the inner layer of lighter particles. The lighter particles tlow upward over this partition In and rise upward in the drum and into the npper chamber, this partition then keeping them` separate from the heavier-particles, which re-v main in the lowerchamber. The lighter particles escape from the drum through an out* let leading from the upper chamber.

drum d. One such outlet is shown; but others may be similarly formed in the top of the drum. The lighter particles flow through this `outlet and are thrown from the top of the This partition c sep` This outlet 7c is a hole formed in the top of the circular flange d', projecting out from the top lofthe drum d to insurecatching all the particles. A spout Z' conveys the particles from the receiver out of the machine.

The apparatus thus far described is adapted generally for the centrifugal separation of substances having different specific gravities. Vhen, however, my entire invention is employed, the apparatus is adapted especially for producing butter, and the fluid to be fed into itis cream or milk. I will now describe the parts of my invention peculiar to buttermaking apparatus.

The cream dividing and separating device orcream-distu'rber consists of one or more upright stationary combs arranged to extend within the drum, so that `their teeth will enter the inner layer-orwall of lighter-material, which in a butter-extractor'is the cream-wall.

`This cream-disturber resembles `that 'shown in Patent to Johansson, No. 406,171, and has a similar operation. Two of such combs m fm are shown, and are lmounted so as to be rotatively adjustable in the top or cover b of the casing and clamped in desired positions by nuts at their upper ends. The teeth of the combs may be caused to enter a greateror less depth into the cream-Wall, and thus the desired adjustability secured by slacking the nuts and turning the combs. In the drawings, the teeth are in radial lines and therefore their outer points are in the positions farthest from the axis of the drum.

The lower chamber of the drum, when the apparatus is used as a butter-extractor, is the separatingchamber, in which the initial separation of cream from the milk and the final separation or extraction of the butter takes place, and the upper chamber is the butterchamber,in which the separated butteris collected and from which it flows out of the drum. Two of the teeth of the comb m are shown projecting into the butter-chamber. Their operation is usually to further divide and concentrate the already-separated butter. YThey may in some cases be omitted.

The device for regulating the temperature and for supplying a lubricating iuid consists of a fluid-supply duct arranged -adjacent to the butter-Outlet, and when my entire invention is used adapted to supply water, brine, milk, or other suitable fluid to the upper or butter chamber of the drum. The fluid thus supplied not only regulates the temperature of the butter and lubricates the chamber and outlets, but also lioats the butter out through the outlet-opening k. The fluid is heavier than the butter, and thus forces the butter toward the axis or floats it until it flows out through the outlet-opening. It is of course evident that a butter scoop or knife, such as is shown in the abovein'entioned Johansson patent, No. 406,171, ina-'y be used to remove the butter, in which case the liuid would similarly lioat and lubricate the butter. In the construction shown in the main views of the IOO IIO

drawings such fluid-supply duct is formed in the cream-separating comb m. The water or other iuid is supplied to this duct from a pipe m3, secured to an upward extension of the comb m', and this upward extension is provided with a cock for controlling the flow. Three nozzles or openings m2 are provided in the comb m', through and out of which the fluid flows. The two lowernozzles m2 direct streams of fluid upon the butter or partly-formed butter in the interior of the drum above the partition 7c. The upper nozzle fm2 directs a stream of fluid upon the top of the drum. The Huid thus supplied iiows out of the machine with the butter into the receiver l. The spout Z" extends up a short distance into the receiver Z, so that some of the fluid is retained in the receiver.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the fluid-supply duet is a separate pipe n, vertically held in the cover b of the casing and open at its lower end, so as to direct a stream downward upon the top of the drum, and the nozzle does not enter the butter-chamber. I have found it advisable in centrifugal butterextractors to regulate and generally to reduce the temperature of the butter-fat particles as they coalesce into palpable masses of butter. This result can bereadily accomplished with the apparatus just described, as fluid can be readily supplied at any desired temperature and acts by direct contact upon the butter particles as well as the adjacent parts of the machine. The Huid also acts efficiently as a lubricant to prevent adherence of the butter to the parts of the machine.

My spread-cu p is highly efficient in combination with a cream-disturber acting upon the cream-wall, as the inclined partition supports the cream-wall while the unseparated milk or cream flows beneath the partition to the periphery of the drum.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a centrifugal apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolving it, of a feed-tube and a spread-cup arranged within the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube, consisting of a conical partition, a central spreader, one or more passages from the lower part of the spread-cup to the drum, and radial blades or ribs within the spread-cup for imparting rotation to the fluid passing through the spread-cup, substantially as set forth.

'2. In a-centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with the drum provided with one or more butter-outlets and means for revolving the drum, of a Huid-supply duct arranged adjacent to the butter-outlets, substantially as set forth.

3. In a butter-extracting apparatus, a centrifugal vessel provided with a separatingchamber and a butter-chamber communicating therewith and having separate outlets from said chambers, in combination with means for introducing milk or cream into the apparatus and means for separately introducing water or similar Huid into such butter-chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In a centrifugal apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolvingit, a feed-tube, a spreadcup arranged within the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feedtube and covered by a conical partition, the lower edge of which projects within the wall of lighter fluid in the drum and having openings at the bottom of such conical partition, and blades within the spread-cup for imparting rotation to the Huid passing through the spread-cup, of an inwardly-extending partition arranged in the upper part of the drum, with its inner edge or lip arranged to lie in the wall of lighter fluid in the drum, one or more outlets above such partition, and one or more outlets below such partition, substantially as set forth.

5. In a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolving it, a feed-tube, a spreadcup arranged within the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube covered. by a conical partition, the lower edge of which projects within the cream -wall and having openings in thebottom of such conical partition, and blades within the spread-cup for imparting rotation to the uid passing through the spread-cup, of a cream-disturber arranged within the drum and arranged to project into the inner layer of the rapidly-revolving cream-wall, and an inwardly-extending partition arranged in the upper part of the drum and having its edge or lip arranged to lie in the cream-wall, one or more outlets above the partition, and one or more outlets below the partition, substantially as set forth.

6. In a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with a drum provided with a separating-chamber and with a butterchamber and butter-outlet and means for revolving the drum, of a Huid-supply duct. provided with one or more nozzles adjacent to the butter-outlet, substantially as set forth.

7. In acentrifugal apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolving it, of the feed-tube f and a spread-cup arranged at the bottom of the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube, consisting of the conical partition g, arranged above the bottom of the drum, with an opening around its lower edge, and the central spreader g2 and the radial blades or ribs g', secured to the bottom of the drum and supporting the conical partition g, substantially as set forth.

8. In a centrifugal apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolving it, the feed-tube f, and a spread-cup arranged at the bottom of the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube and consisting of the conical partition g, arranged above the bottom of the drum with an opening around its ,lower edge, and the central spreader g2 and the radial blades or ribs g', secured to the bottom of the drum and supporting the coni- 'means for-revolving it, the feed-tube f, and-a spread-cu p arranged at the bottom of the drum adj acentto the mouth of th'e'feed-tube and consisting of the partition g, arranged'above the vbottom of the dru m,with-an'opening around its 'lower edge, and the 'central 'spreader g2, and

the-radialblades or ribs Q',secured to thefbott'om of thedrum and-supporting the partition g, vof an linwardly-extending partition arranged in the upper part of the drum concentric therewith and having its inner edge orlip arranged to lie in the cream-wall, a

fluid-'supply duct provided with one or 'more nozzles above the inclined partition, a creamdisturber,'one or 'more butter-outlets above the partition,and one or more blue-milk outlets below the partition, substantially as vset forth.

10. In acentrifugal butter-extracting appa- 'rat-us, the combination, with Athe drum and means for revolving it and suitable outlets for the separated bluefxnilk and butter, of an upright stationarj7 cream-disturber arranged to extend within the drum, a fluid-Supply duct formed in `the cream-disturber, and nozzles or openings from the ducts adjacent tothe butter-outlet, substantially as set forth.

1l. In a'centrifugalbutter-separating apparatus, the combination, with the drum provided with a separating chamber and with a butter-chamber and butter-outlet-'and means for vrevolving the drum, of an upright stationary cream-disturber arranged to extend within the drum and a fluid-supply duct formed in such cream-disturber and having one or more nozzles or openings adjacent to the butter-outlet, substantially as set forth.

12. In a centrifugal butter-extractor, the combination, with the drum d, the top of which isvprovided with the flange d', and means for revolving the' drum, of an inwardly-extending partition arranged in the upper part of the drum and having its lower edge or lip arranged to lie in the cream-wall, one or more blue-milk outlets below such partition7` one or more butter-outlets formed through the top ofthe drum, and the butter-receiver Z, substantially as set forth.

13. In a centrifugal butter-separating apparatus, the combination, with the drum provided with a separating-chamber and with a butter-chamber and butter-outlet and means for revolving the drum, of the combined cream-disturber and fluid-supply device consisting of the rotatively-adjustable upright comb m', having teeth adapted to project into the inner layer of the rapidly-revolving cream-wall, a suitable nut Afor adj ustably clamping the comb tothe cover oft'he casing, andthe fluid-supply duct andthe nozzlesor openings m2, formedin the comb m', substantially as set forth. j

14. In a centrifugal'butter-extractingapparatus, the'combination, with the'drum d, having its lower part substantially cylindrical, its middle part conical `or tapering,-and 'its'extreme upper part cylindrical and Smaller than the lower'part, and lmeans for revolvingfthe drum and a'creain-disturber, ofthe inwardly and downwardlyinclined partition k, one or more butteroutlets above the partition la, and one or more blue-milk outlets below the partition 7c, substantially as set forth.

15. In a l-centrifugal bu'tterextra'ctor,th`e combination, with the drum and meansforfrevolving'it, of the combined -creain-disturber and fluid-supply device consisting of the rotatively-'ad'jus'table u-prightcomb m', lhaving teeth v'adapted to project into fthe inner layer of the rapidly-revolving cream-Wall, a suitablelnut for adjustablyclampingthe comb to the cover of the casing and the fluid-:supply duct andthe lnozzles or openings m2, formed -in the comb m', an inwardly-extending "partition arranged'in the upper party of the drum and having its inner edge or lip arranged to lie in the cream-wall, one or more butter-outlets above the partition, and one or inorefbluemilk-outlets below the partition, the nozzles or openings m2lin the 'comb 'm"b'eing=forme'd above such partition,substantially as set forth.

16. In a centrifugal butterextracting' apparatus, the combination, with the drum' and means for revolving it, the feed-tube f,fand a spread-cup arranged atthe'bottom ofthe drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-'tube and consisting of the partition g, arranged above the bottom of the vdrum 'with an opening around its lower ed ge,'and'the central spreader g2 and the radial blades or ribs g', secured to the bottom of the drum and 'supporting the partition g, of an inwardly-extending partition arranged inthe upper part Yof the drum concentric therewith and having its inner edge or lip arranged to lie in the Wall o'f the lighter particles in the drum, one or more butter-outlets abovethe partition, and one or more blue-milk outlets below the partition, and the combined cream-distnrber and ffluidsupply device consisting of the rotativelyadjustable upright comb mf, having teeth adapted to project into the innerlayerf the rapidly-revolving cream-wal1,a suitablenut for adjustably clamping the comb to the cover of the casing, and the fluid-supply duct and the nozzles or openings m2, formed in the comb m above the partition inthe upper part of the drum, substantially as set forth.

17. In a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with the drum d, having its lower part substantially cylindrical, its middle part conical or tapering, and its eX- tremelup per part cylindrical-'and smaller than the lower part, and means for revolving the IOO IIO

IZO

drum, of the inwardly and downwardlyinclined partition k, the feed-tube f, and a spread-cup arranged at the bottom of the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube and consisting of the partition g, arranged above the bottom of the drum, with an opening around its lower edge, and the central spreader g2 and the radial blades or ribs g', secured to the bottom of the drum and supporting the partition g, and one or more butter-outlets above the partition 7s and one or more bluemilkoutlets below the partition 7c, substantially as set forth.

18. In a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with the drum d, having its lower part substantially cylindrical, its middle part conical or tapering, and its extreme upper part cylindrical and smaller than the lower part, and means for revolving the drum, of the inwardly and downwardly inclined partition lo, the feed -tube f, and a spread-cup arranged at the bottom of the drum adjacent to the mouth of the feed-tube and consisting of the partition g, arranged above the bottom of the drum, with an opening around its lower edge, andthe central spreader g2 and the radial blades or ribs g', secured to the bottom of the drum and supporting the partition g, and one or more butter-outlets above the partition lo and one or more bluemilk outlets below the partition k, and the combined cream-disturber and fluid-supply device, consisting of the rotatively-adj ustable upright comb m', having teeth to project into the inner layer of the rapidly-revolving creamwall, a suitable nut for adj ustably clamping the comb to the cover of the casing, and the fluid-supply duct, and the nozzles or openings m2, formed in the comb m above the partition 7c, substantially as set forth.

19. In a centrifugal butter-extracting apparatus, the combination, with the drum and means for revolving it, of the cream-disturber consisting of one or more rotatively-adjustable upright stationary combs arranged to eX- tend within the drum and arranged so that their teeth will project into the inner layer of the rapidly-revolving cream-wall, means for adjustably clamping the combs, an :inwardly-extending partition arranged within the drum concentric therewith, having its inner edge or lip arranged to lie in the creamwall, one or more butter-outlets above the partition, and one or more blue-milk outlets below the partition, substantially as set forth.

GUSTAF M. ANDERSSON.

Witnesses:

HENRY D. WILLIAMS, HENNING G. TAUBE.