US485625A - Joseph c - Google Patents

Description

NrTnDL STATES Enron.. v

PATENT.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 485,625, dated November 8, 1892.

Application filed May 5, 1892. Serial No. 431,883. '(No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH C. GITHENS, of the city and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Mechanical Movements, of which the following is a specification.

This improvement relates to the class of mechanical movements for transmitting a comparatively-slow rate of motion to a toolcarriage or sliding bed during that one of its movements while work is being done and a relatively-rapid return movement preparatory to a repetition of the slower Working movement.

The invention consists in alternately imparting to the crank-shaft which drives the reciprocating tool-carriage a slow speed of rotation and a more rapid speed of rotation, respectively, from two gears which are loosely mounted upon the crank-shaft, one of which gears is constantly rotated at a slow speed, while the otheris constantly rotated at a relatively-rapid speed. The slow-moving gear incloses a wheel keyed to the crank-shaft and is made to communicate the slower motion to said wheel and to the crank-shaft by means of an intervening system of friction-rollers, or a pawl-and-ratchetsystem. At a prescribed stage in the rotation of the crank-shafta conical friction-clutch sliding on the crank-shaft and splined thereto drops inside the flaring rim of the more-rapidly rotating gear, and thereby imparts rapid rotatory movement to the crank-shaft, and likewise to the said inclosed wheel, in which case the pawls draw over the inclined sides of the ratchet-teeth; or if the friction-roller system is employed the friction-rollers roll out of the position in which they jam between the slow-moving gear and the said wheel keyed to the crank-shaft which the said slow-moving gear incloses. By this organization the changes in the speed of the rotatory movements inthe crank-shaft are effected without involving the stoppage or reversal in the motions of any of the drivinggears. There being no static inertia to overcome, the changes are effected withoutserious shocks to the driving-gear. Owing to the compactness and simplicity of the organization, a crank of large radius may be employed, so that the working stroke may be imparted to the carriage or other reciprocating object by a comparativelysmall part of the revolution of the crank and during thatipart of its revolution in which the arc of the circle described by the crank-pin departs to a relatively-small extent from parallelism with the path of the reciprocating carriage.

In the accompanying drawings the device is represented as applied to a shaper employin ga horizontally-reciprocating tool-carriage, and so much only of the Shaper is shown as suffices to illustrate the application of the invention toit.

The drawings are as follows: Figure l is a side elevation of a shaper, partly in'section. Fig.v2 is a transverse vertical section taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line x :c on Fig. l. horizontal section taken through the'plane` indicated by the dotted line y y on Fig. l, showingaportion of the friction-roller system for enabling the slow-running gear to impartv its motion to the inclosed wheel keyed ,to the` crank-shaft. section, similar to that shown in Fig. 3, illustrating a modification which consists in substituting the pawl-and-ratchet system in place of the friction-roller system shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of a portion of the modification illustrated in Fig. 4, taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line e' z.

- The drawings represent portions of the frame A of a Shaper provided with the 'usual sliding tool-carriage B, deriving its reciprocating motion through the pitman C, which links it to the radially-adjustable crank-pin D, projecting upward from the crank-plate E, mounted upon the upper end of the vertical crank-shaft F, having its bearings in boxes arranged upon the horizontal members A and A2 of the frame. The usual cone-pulley G (shown partly in dotted lines in Fig. l) is atfixed to the driving-shaft H, which imparts rotation through the bevel-gears I and J to the vertical counter-shaft K, to the upper part of which is affixed arelatively-small pinion a, meshing with the gear h, loosely mounted upon the crank shaft, and preferably supported upon the collar c, tixed upon the crank-shaft by the set-screw c'. The gearb is a cylindrical box inclosing the wheel d, which is keyed to the crank-shaft. When the gear h rotates in the appropriate direction, its motion is im- Fig. 3 is a portion of at Fig. 4 is a partial horizontal4 TOO parted to the wheel CZ, and hence to the crankshaft F, either by the jamming ofthe frictionrollers d between the inner side of the rim of the gear ZJ and the eccentric bottoms of the recesses d2, formed in the periphery of the wheel CZ if the device illustrated in Fig. 3 is employed,or by the engagementof one or more of the pawls (Z3 with the ratchet-teeth Z4 if the pawl-and-ratchet system illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 is employed. The working stroke of the tool-carriageisimparted during the slower part of the revolution of the crank-shaft while it is being driven from the pinion a. Thereturn stroke of the tool-carriage is imparted during the more rapid part of the revolution of the crankshaft while it is being driven by the larger driving-pinion e, which meshes with the gearf, loosely mounted upon the crankshaft and supported upon the collar f', fixed upon the crank-shaft by the set-screw f2. The gear f is ann ularly recessed n pon its upper side and constitutes the female member of a familiar form of friction-clutch, the male memberg of which is a wheel with a tapering periphery, adapting it when lowered to jam against the flaring inner surface of the rim of the gearf. The tower portion 't' of the crank-shaft F is hollow. The hub g of the wheel g is transversely perforated to receive a pin g2, which extends through the vertical slots h 7i, formed in the opposite sides of the hollow portion t' of the crank-shaft. F.

The pin c2 is inserted transversely through the clutch rod j, which extends upward through the hollow portion Ai' of the crankshaft. An expanding spiral springj is inter posed between the upper end of the clutchrod j and the bottom of the solid part of the crankshaft F, and, if desired, the projecting lower end of the clutch-rod may have attached to it a weightj2. Either or both the spring j and the weight j2 may be used to impart a constant tendency of the clutch-rod to drop downward, and thus carry the male member g of the clutch into engagement with the female member f, and thereby cause the crank-shaft to be driven at the more rapid rate of speed desired, in order to effect the return stroke of the tool-carriage.

It will be seen that the friction-roller system illustrated in Fig. 3 or the pawl-andratchet system illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 permit the crank-shaft and the wheel CZ to be rotated at a more rapid rate than the rate at which the gear l) constantly rotates.

In order to disengage the clutch-wheel g from the gear f at the appropriate stage in the revolution of the crank-shaft, there is provided a sleeve 7o, which is adapted to slide on the crank-shaft, and which is made to move with the clutch-rodj by means of the pin Zt', which is inserted through the enlarged upper portion of the sleeve 7.: and transversely through the clutch-rod, and which extends through the vertical slots 7a2 7a2, formed in the opposite sides of the shell of the hollow lower portion of the crankshaft. The under face of the enlarged portion of the sleeve 7c is formed into the cam k3, which bears upon the antifriction-roller Z, adapted to rotate upon the horizontal pivot Z', inserted in the box m, which affords the bearing for the lower part of the sleeve Zt.

It will of course be perceived that the relative positions of the cam 7a3 and the antifrictionroller Z can be reversed without altering the result-that is, the friction-roller might be pivoted to the sleeve 7c and be made to travel upon the upper end of the box m, which in that case would be given the form of the cam 7c3. By means of the cam 7c3 the clutch-rod is held upward during any desired part of the revolution of the crank-shaft and at any desired stage in the revolution of the crank-shaft is permitted to fall and thereby carry the clutchwheel g into engagement with the gear f, by which engagement the speed of rotation of the crankshaft is increased, and such increased speed is maintained during any desired part of the revolution of the crank shaft until the conclusion of the return stroke, after which the clutehrod is lifted and thereby releases the crank-shaft to the action of the smaller driving-pinion a, which drives the crank-shaft during the Working stroke of the tool-carriage.

What is claimed as the invention isl. Apparatus for successively imparting to a reciprocating object two different velocities of motion, the same consisting of a rotating shaft, means for transmitting motion from said shaft to the said reciprocating object, a slow-moving gear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said gear at a prescribed relatively-low speed, a wheel keyed to said shaft, a pawl-and-ratehet system acting in one direction only for transmitting rotatory motion to said shaft from said slow moving gear, a quick moving gear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said gear at a prescribed relatively-high speed in the same direction as that of said slow-moving gear, a clutch splined to said shaft, means for moving said clutch into engagement with said quick-moving gear at a prescribed stage in the revolution of said shaft, and thereby imparting relative1y-rapid rotatory motion to said shaft, and means for throwing said ciutch out of engagement with said quick rotating gear at another prescribed stage in the revolution of said shaft, and thereby leaving said shaft to be driven by said slow-1noving gear.

2. In apparatus for successively imparting to a reciprocating object two different velocities of motion, the combination, as herein set forth, of a rotating hollow shaft closed at one end and open at the other, means for transmitting motion from said shaft to said reciprocating object, a slow-moving gear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said gear at a prescribed relatively-slow speed, connections for enabling said slow-moving gear to impel said shaft ICO IIO

when said shaft is not otherwise impelled, a quick-moving gear loosely mounted upon said shaft, means for constantly rotating said quick-moving gear at a prescribed relativelyhigh speed in the same direction as that of the slow-moving gear, a clutch adapted to slide on said shaft, a clutch-rod inserted in the hollow portion of said shaft, a-pin extending transversely through said clutch-rod and through longitudinal slots in the shell of said hollow shaft and through the hub of said clutch for fastening said clutch to said clutchrod and at the same time operating to spline said clutch to said shaft, a spring for forcing said clutch-rod endwise in the appropriate direction to carry said clutch into engagement with said quick-running gear, and a cam for moving said clutch-rod in the appropriate direction to disengage said clutch from said quick-moving gear, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. The combination, as herein set forth, of the reciprocating carriage B, the hollow crankshaft F, connections for transmitting motion from said crank-shaft to said carriage, the slo w-movin g gear b, loosely mounted upon said crank-shaft, the wheel b', keyed to said crankshaft, connections for impelling said shaft from said gear b when said crank-shaft is not otherwise impelled, the quick-moving gear f, loosely mounted upon the said crank-shaft, the clutch g, the transverse pin g'-, the clutchrod j, the sleeve k, the transverse pin lo', the cam k3, and the antifriction roller Z, and

means for constantly rotating the gears b and -f in the same direction and at prescribed relatively-different velocities.

4. The hollow crank-shaft F, the clutch-rod j, loosely inserted in said hollow crank-shaft and projecting downward from the lower end thereof, the constantly-rotating gear f, loosely mounted upon said crank-shaft, the clutch g, adapted to slide on said hollow crank-shaft and secured to said clutch-rod by the transverse pin g2, extending through vertical slots formed in the shell of said hollow crank-shaft and through said clutch-rod, the cam los, connected to and rotating with said clutch-rod, and the roller Z, affording the bearing for said cam.

5. A reciprocating carriage, a rotating shaft, connections for transmitting motion from saidr shaft to said reciprocating carriage, a gear loosely mounted on said shaft, means for constantly rotating `said gear at a relatively-high.

JOSEPH C. GITHENS.

Witnesses:

\ A. M. JONES,

E. GATTERER.

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