Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C63/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C07C63/04—Monocyclic monocarboxylic acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C57/30—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C57/00—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
  • C07C57/30—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings
  • C07C57/42—Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing six-membered aromatic rings having unsaturation outside the rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a polyprenyl compound having an excellent pharmaceutical activity.
• the present invention relates to a polyprenyl compound represented by the general formula (I) ##STR4## wherein all of A, B, Y and Z stand for hydrogen atoms, or A and B, and Y and Z, each form a single valence bond between the carbon atoms to which they are attached, n stands for an integer of 0 to 2, X stands for a group represented by the formula ##STR5## (wherein K and L are independently a hydrogen atom or form a single bond between the carbon atoms to which they are attached, a group represented by the formula --CH 2 -- or a group represented by the formula --(CH 2 ) 2 --, m is an integer of 0 or 1, and R stands for a hydroxyl group, a group represented by the formula ##STR6## (wherein R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different and each stands for a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group and p stands for an integer of 1 or 2), a group represented by the formula --NH--(
• the lower alkyl defined as R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (I) is a straight or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1-methylpropyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1-ethylpropyl, isoamyl or n-hexyl.
• the compound of the present invention can be present as various stereoisomers, the present invention includes all of the stereoisomers.
• Examples of the pharmacologically acceptable salts according to the present invention include salts of benzoic acid derivatives represented by the general formula (I) wherein R is a hydroxyl group with metals (for example, sodium, potassium or aluminum) and bases (for example, ammonium, triethylamine, hydrazine, guanidine, dicyclohexylamine, quinine or cinchonine).
• R is a hydroxyl group with metals (for example, sodium, potassium or aluminum) and bases (for example, ammonium, triethylamine, hydrazine, guanidine, dicyclohexylamine, quinine or cinchonine).
• polyprenyl compounds according to the present invention are novel compounds which have not been described in literature as yet, and have an excellent cholesterol-decreasing activity, so that they are useful as an antihypercholesterolemic agent and can be used to treat arteriosclerosis.
• the compounds (I) according to the present invention can be prepared by various methods. Representative ordinary methods are follows:
• Examples of the catalyst to be used in the Wittig reaction include sodium methylate (MeONa), sodium ethylate (EtONa), t-BuOK and NaH, while examples of the solvent to be used in the Wittig reaction include tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF), ether, nitromethane and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
• the reaction temperature is preferably from room temperature to about 100° C.
• Step I The reaction of Step I is carried out in the presence of a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK, MeLi, n-BuLi or C 6 H 5 Li in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), preferably at a temperature of from room temperature to about 100° C.
• a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK, MeLi, n-BuLi or C 6 H 5 Li
• a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
• the oxidation of Step III is carried out by using a reagent such as potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) or chromium trioxide and a solvent such as water or acetic acid, preferably at a temperature from room temperature to about 100° C.
• a reagent such as potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) or chromium trioxide and a solvent such as water or acetic acid, preferably at a temperature from room temperature to about 100° C.
• a compound (VII) is reacted with a compound (VIII) in the presence of a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK or NaH in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, ether DMF, benzene or hexane at a temperature of 0° to 80° C. to obtain an ester (IX).
• the ester (IX) is hydrolyzed or reduced by an ordinary method to obtain a compound (I"') which is one of the objective compounds.
• the starting material (VII) can be prepared, for example, by the following methods which will be shown schematically below. ##STR14## wherein Y is a group represented by the formula ##STR15## (A, B, Y and Z are as defined above) ##STR16##
• This reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as AlCl 3 , SnCl 4 or ZnCl 2 in a solvent such as CCl 4 , CH 2 Cl 2 or benzene at a temperature of ice cooling to 80° C.
• a catalyst such as AlCl 3 , SnCl 4 or ZnCl 2 in a solvent such as CCl 4 , CH 2 Cl 2 or benzene at a temperature of ice cooling to 80° C.
• the reaction of Step IV is carried out in the presence of a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK, MeLi, n-BuLi or C 6 H 5 Li in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, DMF or DMSO, preferably at a reaction temperature a room temperature to about 100° C.
• a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK, MeLi, n-BuLi or C 6 H 5 Li
• a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, DMF or DMSO
• Step 1 the preparation of the compound (XXIV) is carried out in the presence of a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK or NaH in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, DMF, benzene or hexane at a reaction temperature of 0° to 80° C.
• a base such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate, t-BuOK or NaH
• a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), ether, DMF, benzene or hexane
• the obtained compound (XXIV) is reduced and hydrolyzed by an ordinary method to obtain a compound (I"") which is one of the objective compounds.
• the reduction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst such as Raney nickel, Pd-C, PtO 2 or Pt-C in a solvent such as ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, dioxane or acetic acid under a pressure of normal pressure to 150 kg/cm 2 at a temperaure of room temperature to about 100° C.
• a small amount of acetic, hydrochloric or perchloric acid may be added as a co-catalyst.
• the addition of such a co-catalyst promotes the reaction or enables the reaction to proceed under more moderate conditions.
• the hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of a base such as KOH or NaOH or an acid such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid according to an ordinary method.
• a base such as KOH or NaOH
• an acid such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid
• methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol or propylene glycol is used as a solvent, while the reaction temperature may be about room temperature.
• the starting material (XXIII) can be prepared, for example, by the following procedure which will be described schematically. ##STR19##
• the compound (XXVI) is hydrolyzed in the presence of KOH, NaOH or the like according to an ordinary method to obtain the carboxylic acid (I"") which is one of the objective compounds.
• This hydrolysis is preferably carried out in a solvent such as propylene glycol or ethylene glycol at a temperature of 80° to 150° C.
• the starting compound (XXVI) can be prepared, for example, by the following procedure, the reaction formula of which will be shown below. ##STR21##
• the compound (XXIX) is reacted with carbon dioxide by an ordinary method (Grignard reaction) to obtain the carboxylic acid (I"") which is one of the objective compounds.
• the reaction temperature is from -70° C. to room temperature.
• the starting compound (XXIX) can be prepared, for example, by the following procedure, the reaction formula of which will be shown below. ##STR22##
• the compound represented by the general formula (I) wherein R is not a hydroxyl group, but a group represented by the formula ##STR23## (wherein p, R 1 and R 2 are as defined above), --NH--(CH 2 ) q --OH (wherein q is as defined above) or ##STR24## can be prepared by reacting the carboxylic acid prepared by the above process with a reactive acid derivative such as an acid halide and reacting the resulting compound with an amine to obtain the corresponding amide.
• a reactive acid derivative such as an acid halide
• Step 1 the carboxylic acid is converted into the corresponding acid halide.
• the acid is reacted with SOCl 2 , SO 2 Cl 2 , POCl 3 , PCl 5 , PCl 3 or oxalyl chloride into the acid chloride.
• This reaction may be carried out without any solvent or in a solvent such as benzene or toluene under reflux.
• Step 2 the acid halide obtained in Step 1 is reacted with the corresponding amine RH according to an ordinary process to obtain an objective acid amide (XXXIII).
• RH examples include ##STR26## wherein p, R 1 , R 2 and q are as defined above.
• Step 1 the carboxylic acid (XXXI) is condensed with the compound (XXXVII) or (XXXVIII) to obtain the compound (XXXIX) or (XXXX).
• This condensation is carried out in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, ether, benzene or chloroform, generally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or pyridine.
• the preferred reaction temperature is from -50° C. to a room temperature.
• Step 2 the compound (XXXIX) or (XXXX) obtained in Step 1 is reacted with the corresponding amine [(XXXXIV). (XXXV) or (XXXVI)] by an ordinary method to obtain an objective amide (XXXIII).
• This reaction is carried out generally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine or pyridine.
• a male SD rat of 4 weeks of age was fed with a high cholesterolemic bait for 3 days, followed by returning to a normal bait.
• the test compound which will be described below was orally administered to the rat twice a day for 2 days. 2 days after returning to a normal bait, blood was drawn from the rat and examined for the total amount of serum cholesterol. Clofibrate was used as a control midicine. The control group exhibited an average cholesterol value of 130 mg/dl. The rates of the decrease in cholesterol value with respect to the test compound are shown in Table 1.
• test compound was emulsified with 1% Tween 80 and administered in an amount of 50 mg per kg of weight.
• the compound of the present invention has an excellent antihypercholesterolemic activity. Therefore, it is useful as a medicine based on the antihypercholesterolemic activity, particularly as an antihypercholesterolemic agent or an antiarteriosclerotic agent.
• the compound of the present invention exhibits a very low toxicity and is a very safe compound, so that the present invention is very valuable in this respect.
• the toxicity of the compound according to the present invention when the above described compounds A to V were administered to SD rats (of a weight of about 200 g), neither death nor adverse reactions were observed.
• the dosage of the compound of the present invention to be administered to a patient as an antihypercholesterolemic agent or an antiarteriosclerotic agent is remarkably varied depending upon the kind of patient, the degree of the disease, the kind of compound or the age of patient and not particularly limited.
• the compound of the present invention is administered orally or parenterally in a dosage of about 10 to 1000 mg, preferably about 30 to 300 mg, per adult by two to four portions a day.
• the form of the compound to be administered may be powder, fine granule, granule, pellet, capsule, injection or the like.
• the formulation is carried out by using an ordinary formulating carrier and according to an ordinary method.
• the solid medicine for oral administration can be formulated by adding a filler, if necessary, together with binder, disintegrating agent, lubricant, coloring matter or corrigent, to a principal agent and converting the obtained mixture into pellet, coated pellet, granule, powder or capsule according to an ordinary method.
• Examples of the filler include lactose, corn starch, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol, crystalline cellulose and silicon dioxide.
• Examples of the binder include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ether, ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, gum arabic, tragacanth, gelatin, shellac, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylstarch and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
• Examples of the disintegrating agent include starch, agar, gelatin powder, crystalline cellulose, calcium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, calcium citrate, dextrin and pectin.
• Examples of the lubricant include stearic acid, magnesium, talc, polyethylene glycol, silica and hardened vegetable oil.
• the coloring matter may be any one which is permitted to be added to medicines.
• examples of the corrigent include cocoa powder, menthol, aromatic acid, metha oil, borneol and powdered cinnamon bark.
• the pellet or granule may be coated with sugar, gelatin or the like.
• a principal agent is, if necessary after the addition of a pH adjuster, buffer, stabilizer, solubilizing agent or the like, converted into a subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous injection.
• the mixture of the above formulation was treated according to an ordinary procedure to obtain a pellet having a pellet weight of 180 mg.
• Example 3 24.4 g of 4-(2',6'-dimethyl-1',5'-heptadienyl)benzoic acid obtained in Example 3 was treated according to the same procedure as the one described in Example 2 to obtain 20.6 g of the objective compound as a white crystal (yield: 83%).
• reaction mixture was treated according to the same procedure as the one described in Example 1 or 2 and purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain 26.7 g of the objective compound as a waxy solid (yield: 84%).
• This compound can be prepared by any of the following three methods.
• Method 2 13.4 g of 4-methylacetophenone was dissolved in 100 ml of benzene, followed by the addition of 20 ml of ethylene glycol and a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid. The mixture was azeotropically dehydrated for several hours, cooled and washed by pouring it into an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate. The product was washed with water and dried.
• the obtained powder was suspended in 200 ml of DMF, followed by the dropwise addition of a solution of 6.8 g of sodium ethylate in DMF. 12.0 g of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one was dropwise added to the resulting mixture to carry out the reaction at 50° C. for 2 hours.
• the reaction mixture was poured into water, extracted with hexane, washed with water and concentrated.
• reaction mixture was poured into water, neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with ether.
• the extract was washed with water, concentrated and dissolved in ethanol. 16 g of potassium hydroxide was added to the obtained solution, followed by dissolution.
• reaction mixture was poured into water, neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with ether.
• the extract was washed with water, concentrated and dissolved in a mixture of 15 g of triethylamine and 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 13.0 g of ethyl chlorocarbonate was dropwise added to the obtained solution, followed by the addition of 20 g of diethylamine.
• the reaction mixture was poured into water, neutralized with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with ether.
• the extract was washed with water, concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 11.5 g of the objective compound as a colorless oil (yield: 32%).
• reaction mixture was added to a solution of 9.0 g of ethanolamine in 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran at 0° C. or below.

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• 1985
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