US473472A

US473472A - Compressing apparatus

Info

Publication number: US473472A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1892-04-26
Anticipated expiration: 1909-04-26

Description

(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 1. L. A. PARISI-IEB..

GOMPRESSING APPARATUS.

No. 473,472. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2;

L, A. PARISHER. 1

coMPRBssING APPARATUS. No. 473,472. Patented Apr. 26, 1892.

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GOMPRPSSING APPARATUS.

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UNgTEn STATES] PATENT @Fulci-3.

LEMUEL ALPHIISPARISHER, OF SI-IREVEPORT, LOUISIANA.

COMPRESSING APPARATUS.

srn'crrrcnfrrolv forming part or Letters Patent No. 473,472, dated April 2e, 1892.

Application led August I, 1890.

To all whom t may concern.

Be it known that I, LEMUEL ALPHUs PAR- ISHER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Shreveport, Caddo parish, Louisiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compressing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of presses that is used for compressing bales ot cotton to small dimensions; and my invention consists of a press constructed as fully set forth hereinafter, so as to combine both the power derived from the direct pressure of the steam from the generator and that derived from a hydrostatic press.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my improved press; Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the same, showing the parts in different positions.

A base-plate or foundation WV of the press is tied to the cross head or plate X through the medium of a suitable number of bolts 1 1, the parts being arranged with the bolts either vertical or horizontal. As shown, the bolts are vertical, and to the base 1V is connected or formed integral therewith a steamcylinder A, provided with a piston 2, the piston-rod 3 of which extends through the head of the cylinder A and carries at its upper end a' cylindrical piston, plunger, or ram 4. Conneeted to or forming a part ot the base, but above the latter, is a second cylinder B, within which slides the annular piston 5, connected to a cylinder C, to which the piston 4 is tted, and which expands above an annular face F to form a cylinder l, to which is connected a sliding cross-head 6. To the cylinder I is fitted a'piston S, that carries the movable plate X of the press.

With the cylinder A communicates a port 10, with which connects a steam-pipe 12, and a steam-pipe 13 communicates with a port 14, leading to the cylinder B, and with a port 15 of the cylinder I communicates a water-pipe 16, supplied with water or other fluid from a reservoir 17. As the cylinder I has a vertical movement, the supply-p'pe 13 flexible or otherwise constructed to supply the desired liquid during the movement ot' the piston. As shown, one portion of the pipe is fixed to the frame of the apparatus, while another portion moves with the cylinder, slid- Serial No. 360.4664. (No model.)

ing ,in a packing-box 18.` The pipes for the admission and outow of fluid to the three cylinders are provided with suitable valves. Thus there is a casing G provided with chambers, ports, and passages for four balanced piston-valves 19 2O 21 22, the

valves

19 and 20 controlling the flow of steam to and from the pipe 12, and the

valves

21 and 22 controlling its How to and from the pipe 13, the pipes 23 and 24 conveying steam to the casing tromasuitable generator. In tlie line of the pipe 16, and connected with that portion which moves with the cylinder, is a casing II, containing two valves similar to check-valves, provided with stems 27 2S, the former adapted to make contact with a face or bearing u of the apparatus as the cylinders C and I reach the 10W- est position, so that the valve will always be open when said cylinders are in said position.

Between the cylinder B and the bottom of the cylinder A is a by-passage 29, in which is a valve 30, the stem of which is connected to be operated by a lever.

The several pistons described are provided with suitable packings, the construction of the piston 4 and its packings being best :illustrated in Fig. 4, which shows the said piston as reduced in diameter for the upper half ot' its length to receive a tubular cap or cover 31, between the edge of which and a ring 32, bolted onto the body of the piston, intervenes the packing-ring 33, while a similar packingring is between the ring 32 and an annular1 shoulder 35 of the piston, the space between the respective'shoulders being greater than the thickness of the packing-rings, so as to allow for a certain play, which insures a better joint if any iuid under pressure reaches said space. The cap 31 may be bolted to the body of the piston in any suitable manner.

It will be noted that the lowest steam-cylinder A is larger in diameter--say ninety inches-thanthe upper steam-cylinderB--say seventy-two inches-and that the water-cylinderI is smaller in diameter-say fortyinches than the smaller steam-cyliner B, the piston 4 being smaller in diameter than the pisto'n 8- say thirty inches.

, The fixed and movable plates or platens X X of the press are provided with the usual channeled face-plates 38 38, between which the IOO bale is placed when the parts are in the position shown in Fig. l.

Assuming that all of the pistons are down in the position shown in Fig. l and thata bale of ordinary size has been placed upon the platen X,.the operation will be as follows: The valve 22 is first opened and steam flows into the cylinder B, raising the piston and cylinders C I tothe extent limited by the compression of the bale-say forty inches-compressing the bale to twenty inches. The valve 22 is then closed to lock the steam in the cylinder B under the boiler-pressure-say one hundred pounds. As the cylinder O rises, it carries with it the cylinder I and the piston 8, which is thereby separated from the piston 4, and the water is drawn through the port l5 into the chamber Y of the cylinder (l, the Valve 28 rising freely to permit the inflow. The piston 2 rests normally upon the bottom of the cylinder-A. When the machineis operated, the plunger 4 will tend to raise the piston 2; but this movement will be immediately checked by the formation of a vacuum beneath the piston, inasmuch as the space beneath the piston is entirely cut off from communication with the atmosphere. The atmospheric pressure therefore on the upper side of the piston will keep it and the plunger4 nearly or 'quite at their lowest positions until steam is admitted into the cylinder A. The valve 19 is then shifted to permit steam to iow from the boiler into the cylinder Ato lift the piston 2, thereby also raising the piston or plunger 4, which displaces a portion of the water in the chamber Y, causingit to press upon the lower end of the piston 8 and also upon the annular piston-face F of the cylinder C, so that the saine pressure lifts the piston 8 and presses the water down against the piston-face F of the cylinder C and forces the latter down,re duciing the amount of the space in the cylinder B and compressing the steam, which is locked therein Il* ith apressure of one hundredl pounds to the square inch below the piston 2 and with the parts proportioned as above estimated the hydraulic pressure will be sufficient to force down the cylinder C un- 'til the steam in the cylinder B is compressed to nearly one-half its original volume, thereby increasing the pressure in said cylinder to, say, one hundred and eighty pounds to the square inch. The pressure in the cylinder B will of course act upon the under side of the piston 4 as against the pressure against the upper end of said piston, the pressure below being greater, but the area being reduced to the extent of the area of the piston-rod 3. It will be seen that the plunger or piston 4 is between two chambers Y B, and that by forcing the plunger by the action of steam upon a large piston connected therewith into the chamber Y, filled with Water, and by bringing the pressure in the chamber Y to act upon a piston that compresses the steam in the chamber B, I secure additional pressure upon the piston 4. all of wl' :"ch is employed by utilizing the differential action of the smaller piston or plunger 4 and the larger piston or plunger 8, between which intervenes the incompressible uid.. If extra pressure should be required to force the bale to the required size after the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 4, the valve 19 is shifted to lock the steam in the cylinder A and the. valve 30 is opened, thereby permitting the portion ofthe steam under excessive pressure in the chamber B to pass below the piston 2, lifting the latter and increasing the hydraulic pressure in the chamber Y, and consequently the pressure on the platen-piston 8. When the bale has been completely pressed, the parts will be substantially in the position shown in Fig. 4.

When the bale has been bound and is to be released, the parts are brought to their original position, as follows: First thev Valve 22 is shifted to open communication between the cylinder B and the boiler, so that a portion of the steam in the cylinder B, which is under high pressure, will flow back to the boiler until the pressure in the two are equalized, after which the valve 22 is closed and the valve 2l is opened to permit the remaining portion of the steam from the cylinder B to pass to the exhaust, when the cylinder C, together with the cylinder I, will descend to the lower position, the piston 8 following the movements of the cylinders and the stem 27 finally striking the edge of the cylinder B, whereby the valve 25 is opened and the water is permitted to flow out of the chamber Y and back into the reservoir under the weight of the piston 8 and its adjuncts. The steam is then permitted to pass from the cylinder A.

It will be evident that various valve applianccs may be employed differently constructed from those shown in the drawings and that the parts may be modified, as may be necessary, to adaptthem to the different situations and purposes.

Without, therefore, limiting myself to the precise construction shown and described, I claim- 1. The combination, with a movable platen X and with the main cylinder A of a press, of a smaller cylinder B, an annular piston 5 in cylinder B, movable cylinders C and I, carried by said annular piston, a plunger connected with the piston of the main cylinder and sliding in the movable cylinder C, and a piston within the cylinder I, connected with the platen, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the main cylinder A, its piston-rod, and plunger 4, of a smaller cylinder B, having an annular piston 5, a cylinder C, connected with the piston 5 and receiving the plunger 4, a larger cylinder I, connected with the cylinder C and communicating with the source of water-supply, having a check-Valve Ain the communication, and a platen having a plunger or piston fitting the cylinder I, substantially as set forth.

' 3. The combination, with the cylinder A, its piston and piston-rod, and the cylinder B IOO and its piston, said cylinders having separate steam-inlet passages provided with valves, of means for moving the piston of the cylinder B to compress the steam therein after the communication with the generator has been cut Off and a passage between said cylinders provided with a valve, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the plunger4 and means for operating the same, of a cylinder B, a piston 5 within the cylinder B, a cylinder C, connected with the piston 5, a cylinder I, containing the plunger 4; and being arranged above and connected with the cylinder C, a plunger 8, connected with the platen and fitting the cylinder I, and means for introducing an incompressible iiuid into the cylinder I between the plungers, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the movable cylinders C and I, rigidly connected together,

the plungers fl and 8, arranged Within said cylinders, respectively, and the extensible water-channel, of a casing H, carried by the cylinders and having its cavity in communication with the space between the plungers, and a check-valve within the casing, said valve having a stem arranged to be moved by contact with a stationary part of the machine, for the purpose set forth. i

6. The combination, with the cylinder I, having an annular face F, a plunger within the cylinder connected with the platen, and a body of incompressible fluid in said cylinder, of a plunger 4 and means for forcing it into the body of fluid in the cylinder I and a piston 5, connected with the cylinder I, a cylinderB, a cylinder A, having a piston connected with the plunger 4, and a by-pass between cylinders A and B, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to thisspecication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEMUEL ALPHUS PARISHER.

Vitnes'ses:

JOHN R. JONES, DON CAMPBELL.