US4734428A - Aminoethylimidazole and cytoprotective and gastric antisecretory composition containing the same - Google Patents

Aminoethylimidazole and cytoprotective and gastric antisecretory composition containing the same Download PDF

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US4734428A
US4734428A US06/872,481 US87248186A US4734428A US 4734428 A US4734428 A US 4734428A US 87248186 A US87248186 A US 87248186A US 4734428 A US4734428 A US 4734428A
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sub
phenyl
imidazole
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products
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Gilbert G. Aubard
Jacques Bure
Agnes G. Grouhel
Jean-Louis Junien
Veronique J. Lelievre
Xavier B. Pascaud
Claude P. Roux
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Jouveinal SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D233/61—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
    • C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D231/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
    • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D249/08—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel imidazole derivatives substituted in their 1-position by a 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl radical, their preparation process and their use in human and veterinary medicine.
  • R 2 is either lower alkyl, or a phenyl or phenoxy radical optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a lower alkoxy radical or a phenyl radical,
  • R 3 , R 4 and R 5 can be the same or different and are hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl radicals or phenyl radicals,
  • x, y and z have a value of 0 or 1, but the values of y and z must not be the same.
  • so-called lower radicals have 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain.
  • R 2 is a phenoxy or phenyl radical, it can be multisubstituted or monosubstituted.
  • the monosubstitution is preferably in the para-position by a halogen atom, such as a chlorine atom, or by a lower alkoxy radical, such as a methoxy radical, or by an aromatic radical, such as the phenyl radical.
  • the invention also covers the mono- or di-addition salts of these derivatives, particularly mineral acids, such as halohydrates, sulphates, phosphates or those of organic acids such as maleates, citrates, malates, tartrates, methane sulphonates, camphosulphonates, benzoates, etc.
  • mineral acids such as halohydrates, sulphates, phosphates or those of organic acids such as maleates, citrates, malates, tartrates, methane sulphonates, camphosulphonates, benzoates, etc.
  • the invention applies both to the racemic forms of these products and to their optically active forms, which can be obtained by known means, such as e.g. the resolution of the racemic forms by means of optically active acids, or by preparation from optically active structures.
  • the invention is also directed at a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, combined with a pharmacologically acceptable vehicle.
  • the compound generally represents 10 to 50 parts by weight of the composition, whilst the vehicle represents 90 to 40 parts by weight thereof.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 , x, y and z have the meanings given hereinbefore
  • X is a halogen atom, such as a chlorine atom
  • M is a hydrogen atom or a metal atom, such as silver, sodium or potassium.
  • the halides (II) can be obtained from the corresponding amino alcohols, e.g. by reacting thionyl chloride, in the manner described in "Organic Syntheses", Coll., Vol. IV, p.333 or other appropriate methods described in the literature.
  • the starting amino alcohols are prepared by known methods, such as those described in French Pat. Nos. 912,577 and 7,108,700.
  • imidazole (III) compounds are commercially available, or are prepared by known methods consisting of reacting with the suitable imidazole metals or their hydroxyls, hydrides, alkoxides or amides.
  • Derivatives (III) obtained can either be separated, or prepared in situ in a preliminary manner in the reaction medium for preparing the products according to the invention.
  • condensation reaction for the preparation of the products according to the invention can be carried out in different media:
  • halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane and chloroform
  • aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene
  • ethers such as diethyl ether
  • cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxan
  • optionally alkoxylated saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as dimethoxyethane, hexane and heptane
  • ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone
  • sulphoxides such as dimethyl sulphoxide
  • amides such as dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, hexamethylphosphorotriamide, etc;
  • phase transfer catalyst such as quaternary ammonium salts, which can be tetramethylammonium, triethylbenzylammonium or trimethyloctadecylammonium, bromides, chlorides, iodides, hydrogensulphates or tetrafluoroborates, or phosphonium derivatives, such as tributylhexadecyl bromide.
  • phase transfer catalyst such as quaternary ammonium salts, which can be tetramethylammonium, triethylbenzylammonium or trimethyloctadecylammonium, bromides, chlorides, iodides, hydrogensulphates or tetrafluoroborates, or phosphonium derivatives, such as tributylhexadecyl bromide.
  • quaternary ammonium salts which can be tetramethylammonium, triethylbenzylammonium or trimethylo
  • the reactions take place at temperatures between 20° and 150° C., as a function of the type of reaction and the solvents used. However, preference is given to the use of the condensation reaction in accordance with the so-called phase transfer method at a temperature between 50° and 100° C.
  • the reactions last between 1 and 10 hours and preferably between 2 and 5 hours.
  • the products according to the invention are separated from the reaction medium by known processes, such as extraction, distillation, crystallization and separative chromatography. Their identity and purity are checked by conventional methods, such as spectrographic methods (UV, IR, NMR, mass), chromatographic methods (TLC, LHPC) or physicochemical methods (melting point m.p., refractive index n D 20 ).
  • R 1 ethyl
  • R 2 phenyl
  • R 1 ethyl
  • R 2 phenyl
  • a solution of 16.0 g (0.236 mole) of imidazole in 100 ml of DMF are added, accompanied by stirring, to the greyish suspension over a period of approximately 15 minutes and at a temperature below 25° C.
  • a greenish solution is obtained, which is stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature.
  • the mixture is stirred for 21/2 hours at ambient temperature, then precipitated in 1000 ml of ice water and extracted with ether.
  • the combined ethereal phases are washed with water up to neutrality and then dried over sodium sulphate.
  • the magnetic resonance spectrography of the proton and the mass spectrography of the products concur and confirm that the products 1A and 1B have the indicated structures.
  • R 1 ethyl
  • R2 phenyl
  • R 3 methyl
  • z 1.
  • the toluene phase is dried over sodium sulphate and then the toluene is eliminated by distillation in vacuo and on the water bath.
  • examples 3 to 8 are described in the following table 1. They are prepared in accordance with the operating procedure of example 2 from products according to the general formulas II and III, in which the meanings of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , x, y and z are defined.
  • X is a chlorine atom
  • M is a sodium or hydrogen atom.
  • the mixture is heated for 4 hours to 85° to 90° C., accompanied by vigorous stirring and then, after cooling, the aqueous phase is removed.
  • the toluene phase is washed with a saturated, dehydrated sodium chloride solution and then the toluene is removed by distillation. A residue of 22.0 g is obtained, which is purified by silica column chromatography.
  • the chlorinated derivative corresponding to the levorotatory isomer 2-phenyl-2-ethyl-N,N-dimethylaminoethanol is prepared in the usual way.
  • the product obtained is condensed with imidazole according to the procedure described in example 2. After treatment and purification, 18.8 g of oily products are obtained. Yield 38.6%,
  • the acute toxicity of the products was investigated in male SWISS/IOPS mice weighing approximately 22 g.
  • the 50% lethal dose (LD 50 ) was calculated by the method of L. J. REED and H. MUNCH (Am. J. Hyg. 1939-37-493) 14 days following the oral intraperitoneal treatment of batches of 10 animals per dose and on the basis of 4 to 6 doses per product.
  • the results of this investigation are given in table 3 for the products of examples 1 to 8 and in table 4 for the products of examples 9 to 12.
  • the cytoprotective activity was investigated in connection with the stressing of the gastric mucosa caused by ethanol.
  • the cytoprotection test was carried out in accordance with the procedure described by A. ROBERT et al (Gastroenterology 1979-77-433). Batches of six male Sprague Dawley rats, which had not received solid food for 24 hours before the test, received by the oral route 1 ml/rat of absolute ethanol, after receiving the product to be tested 30 minutes beforehand by the subcutaneous routine for 1 hour beforehand by the oral route. One hour after ingesting the ethanol, the rats were killed by stretching and their stomachs were carefully removed, opened along the greater curvature, washed under running water and spread out. The ulcerations were then marked and measured under a binocular lamp.
  • the products according to the invention are also able to inhibit thromboxane synthetase and this activity can be linked with the previously described cytoprotective properties.
  • TXA 2 the effects of TXA 2 are the opposite of those of PGI 2 .
  • the relationship between these two prostanoid types is very important and becomes more advantageous with an increase of PG and a decrease of TX.
  • the inhibition of thromboxane synthetase by products according to the invention is consequently significant and/or complementary of the cytoprotective activity.
  • the test performed was carried out in vitro on washed rabbit platelets. It was based on the publications of NEEDLEMAN (1977. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 74, 1716) and SALMON (1982, Cardiovascular Pharmacol. of the Prostaglandins--Raven Press N.Y. pp. 7 to 22). It makes it possible both to determine the reduction of the synthesis of TXB 2 and also the possible increase of the synthesis of PGE 2 . Thus, it is possible to determine the activity of the products on the PG:TX ratio.
  • the products according to the invention are administered to humans by the routes which are suitable for the nature and gravity of the ailment to be treated and in therapeutic forms which are compatible with the envisaged administration route.
  • These different forms prepared on the basis of the products according to the invention in the form of the base or their different salts are prepared by per se known methods.
  • the different preparations can also contain the products according to the invention combined with compatible active principles, such as bacteriostatic, antibiotic, antispasmodic, anesthetic, analgesic, antiinflammatory and similar agents.
  • compatible active principles such as bacteriostatic, antibiotic, antispasmodic, anesthetic, analgesic, antiinflammatory and similar agents.
  • examples of these preparations are tablets, dragees, capsules, powder, solutions, suspensions, gels and suppositories.
  • the gelatin and officinal white sugar are separately dissolved in water.
  • the two solutions are mixed and polyethylene glycol 6000 is added thereto.
  • the lactose and mannitol are intimately mixed, followed by the addition in succession of the active substance of example 2A, the wheat starch and then the previously obtained solution.
  • the paste is dried, granulated and screened, whilst adding the magnesium stearate and wheat starch thereto.
  • the product obtained is homogenized and compressed at a rate of 200.0 mg per tablet.
  • the isotonic solution is portioned out into ampoules of appropriate volume which, after sealing, are sterilized by per se known thermal means, or the solution is sterilized by filtration, portioned out into ampoules, followed by the sealing thereof, all these operations being carried out in a sterile atmosphere.

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Abstract

Aminoethyl imidazole of formula: ##STR1## in which R1 is a lower alkyl, R2 is a phenyl or phenoxy radical, optionally substituted by a halogen atom or a lower alkoxy radical, R3,R4 and R5 are a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl radical and x, y and z have the value 0 or 1, but the values of y and z cannot be the same, together with their acid addition salts with acids.
Cytoprotective medicament.

Description

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 683,474, filed Dec. 19, 1984, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to novel imidazole derivatives substituted in their 1-position by a 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl radical, their preparation process and their use in human and veterinary medicine.
The products according to the invention are in accordance with the following general formula: ##STR2## in which R1 stands for lower alkyl,
R2 is either lower alkyl, or a phenyl or phenoxy radical optionally substituted by a halogen atom, a lower alkoxy radical or a phenyl radical,
R3, R4 and R5 can be the same or different and are hydrogen atoms, lower alkyl radicals or phenyl radicals,
x, y and z have a value of 0 or 1, but the values of y and z must not be the same.
In general terms, so-called lower radicals have 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain. When R2 is a phenoxy or phenyl radical, it can be multisubstituted or monosubstituted. When it is monosubstituted, the monosubstitution is preferably in the para-position by a halogen atom, such as a chlorine atom, or by a lower alkoxy radical, such as a methoxy radical, or by an aromatic radical, such as the phenyl radical.
The invention also covers the mono- or di-addition salts of these derivatives, particularly mineral acids, such as halohydrates, sulphates, phosphates or those of organic acids such as maleates, citrates, malates, tartrates, methane sulphonates, camphosulphonates, benzoates, etc.
Obviously, the invention applies both to the racemic forms of these products and to their optically active forms, which can be obtained by known means, such as e.g. the resolution of the racemic forms by means of optically active acids, or by preparation from optically active structures.
Pharmacological studies have shown that, apart from a low toxicity, the products according to the invention also have a particularly remarkable cytoprotective activity suitable for the preventative or curative treatment of ailments to the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the invention is also directed at a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, combined with a pharmacologically acceptable vehicle. The compound generally represents 10 to 50 parts by weight of the composition, whilst the vehicle represents 90 to 40 parts by weight thereof.
The products according to the invention are prepared by N-alkylation in the 1-position of the appropriate imidazole radical by means of 2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl halides in accordance with the following reaction: ##STR3##
In reagents (II) and (III), R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5, x, y and z have the meanings given hereinbefore, X is a halogen atom, such as a chlorine atom and M is a hydrogen atom or a metal atom, such as silver, sodium or potassium. The halides (II) can be obtained from the corresponding amino alcohols, e.g. by reacting thionyl chloride, in the manner described in "Organic Syntheses", Coll., Vol. IV, p.333 or other appropriate methods described in the literature. The starting amino alcohols are prepared by known methods, such as those described in French Pat. Nos. 912,577 and 7,108,700.
Some of the imidazole (III) compounds are commercially available, or are prepared by known methods consisting of reacting with the suitable imidazole metals or their hydroxyls, hydrides, alkoxides or amides. Derivatives (III) obtained can either be separated, or prepared in situ in a preliminary manner in the reaction medium for preparing the products according to the invention.
The condensation reaction for the preparation of the products according to the invention can be carried out in different media:
in a monophase medium: in anhydrous and inert solvents representing 3 to 100 times and preferably 8 to 15 times the weight of the two reagents and constituted by halogenated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane and chloroform, aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene and toluene, ethers, such as diethyl ether, cyclic ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxan, optionally alkoxylated saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as dimethoxyethane, hexane and heptane, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, sulphoxides, such as dimethyl sulphoxide, amides, such as dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, hexamethylphosphorotriamide, etc;
in a two-phase medium in the presence of water and an aromatic solvent, such as benzene or toluene. The reaction then takes place in a very alkaline medium in the presence of sodium or potassium hydroxide and in the presence of a so-called phase transfer catalyst, such as quaternary ammonium salts, which can be tetramethylammonium, triethylbenzylammonium or trimethyloctadecylammonium, bromides, chlorides, iodides, hydrogensulphates or tetrafluoroborates, or phosphonium derivatives, such as tributylhexadecyl bromide. There are 10 to 30 parts by volume of water for 100 parts by volume of the organic phase. Water and organic solvent together represent 3 to 100 times and preferably 8 to 15 times the weight of the two reagents. The catalyst represents 0.5 to 5 parts of the weight of the two reagents.
Usually, 0.5 to 2 moles of derivative (III) are used per mole of derivative (II) and preferably there is an equimolar ratio between these two reagents.
The reactions take place at temperatures between 20° and 150° C., as a function of the type of reaction and the solvents used. However, preference is given to the use of the condensation reaction in accordance with the so-called phase transfer method at a temperature between 50° and 100° C. The reactions last between 1 and 10 hours and preferably between 2 and 5 hours.
The products according to the invention are separated from the reaction medium by known processes, such as extraction, distillation, crystallization and separative chromatography. Their identity and purity are checked by conventional methods, such as spectrographic methods (UV, IR, NMR, mass), chromatographic methods (TLC, LHPC) or physicochemical methods (melting point m.p., refractive index nD 20).
The following examples serve to illustrate the products according to the invention in a nonlimitative manner.
EXAMPLE 1 1A: 1-[(2-phenyl-2-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-imidazole
R1 =ethyl, R2 =phenyl, R3 =R4 =R5 =hydrogen x=z=0, y=1.
1B: 1-[(1-phenyl-1-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-imidazole
R1 =ethyl, R2 =phenyl, R3 =R4 =R5 =hydrogen x=y=0, z=1.
100 ml of anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF) and 7.1 g of 80% (wt/wt) sodium hydride (5.66 g--0.236 mole) are introduced into a 1 liter reactor under a nitrogen atmosphere.
A solution of 16.0 g (0.236 mole) of imidazole in 100 ml of DMF are added, accompanied by stirring, to the greyish suspension over a period of approximately 15 minutes and at a temperature below 25° C. A greenish solution is obtained, which is stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature.
Over a period of 20 minutes and at a temperature of 20° C. are then introduced 50.0 g (0.236 mole) of 2-phenyl-2-ethyl-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloride dissolved in 100 ml of DMF.
The mixture is stirred for 21/2 hours at ambient temperature, then precipitated in 1000 ml of ice water and extracted with ether. The combined ethereal phases are washed with water up to neutrality and then dried over sodium sulphate.
The ether is eliminated by vacuum distillation on the water bath. 46 g of oily residue are obtained, which is treated to obtain products 1A and 1B.
1A:
The residue is taken up in 400 ml of boiling cyclohexane. When left at ambient temperature, the solution crystallizes. The crystals are filtered and dried at 60° C. in vacuo: weight 19.0 g, yield 33.1%, m.p. 91° C.
1A, Hemimaleate
13.25 g (0.054 mole) of the above product are salified with 6.6 g (0.057 mole) of maleic acid in 130.0 ml of ethanol under reflux, giving 17.6 g of white crystals, yield 90.7%, m.p. 124° C.
1A, Methiodide
14.0 g (0.0575 mole) of product are dissolved in 85.0 ml of anhydrous acetone, followed by the rapid addition of 24.5 g (0.173 mole) of methyl iodide and stirring takes place overnight at ambient temperature. 20.2 g of pale yellow crystals are obtained, yield 91.2%, m.p. 163° C.
1B:
The cyclohexane for crystallizing the base of product 1A is eliminated by vacuum distillation. The residue obtained (28.0 g) is purified by silica column chromatography. Elution by a cyclohexane:ethylacetate:methanol mixture 12:3:1 (v/v/v) makes it possible to collect a pure fraction by thin layer chromatography. Weight 8.7 g, yield 15.2%, nD 20 =1.5471.
The magnetic resonance spectrography of the proton and the mass spectrography of the products concur and confirm that the products 1A and 1B have the indicated structures.
EXAMPLE 2 2A: 1-[(2-phenyl-2-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-2-methylimidazole
R1 : ethyl, R2 =phenyl, R3 =methyl, R4 =R5 =hydrogen x,z=0, y=1.
2B: 1-[(1-phenyl-1-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-2-methylimidazole
R1 =ethyl, R2=phenyl, R3 =methyl, R4 =R5 =hydrogen x=y=0, z=1.
300.0 ml of toluene, 11.6 g (0.142 mole) of 2-methylimidazole, 30.0 g (0.142 mole) of 2-phenyl-2-ethyl-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloride, followed by 45.0 ml of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (d=1.33) and 2.7 g of hexadecyltributylphosphonium bromide are introduced into a 1 liter reactor.
Accompanied by vigorous stirring, the mixture is heated to 80° to 85° C. for 2 hours. After cooling the aqueous phase is eliminated and the toluene phase washed by extraction with a saturated sodium chloride solution.
The toluene phase is dried over sodium sulphate and then the toluene is eliminated by distillation in vacuo and on the water bath.
The oily residue (38.5 g) is treated in the same way as in example 1 for separating products 2A and 2B. Following treatment and purification, the following are obtained:
2A, Hemimaleate:
Weight 17.0 g, yield 24.5%, m.p. 111.5° C.
2B: Weight 7.0 g, yield 19.2%, m.p. 67.5° C.
The spectrographic methods used unambiguously confirm the structures of products 2A and 2B.
The products of examples 3 to 8 are described in the following table 1. They are prepared in accordance with the operating procedure of example 2 from products according to the general formulas II and III, in which the meanings of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, x, y and z are defined. For the products of formula II, X is a chlorine atom, whilst for the products of formula III, M is a sodium or hydrogen atom.
                                  TABLE 1                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
EX.                                                                       
No.                                                                       
   R.sub.1                                                                
       R.sub.2                                                            
             R.sub.3                                                      
                   R.sub.4                                                
                         R.sub.5                                          
                               x A y = 1 z = 0     B y = 0 z              
__________________________________________________________________________
                                                   = 1                    
3  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                        
        ##STR4##                                                          
             H                                                            
                    ##STR5##                                              
                          ##STR6##                                        
                               0 Base - m.p. = 183° C. Yield =     
                                 19.3% Hemimaleate mp = 142°       
                                                   base m.p.              
                                                   = 133° C. Yield 
                                                   = 31.4%                
4  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                        
        ##STR7##                                                          
             C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                              
                   CH.sub.3                                               
                         H     0 Base - m.p. = 56° C. Yield =      
                                 12.2%             Base - Oil Yield =     
                                                   14.75%                 
5  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                        
        ##STR8##                                                          
              ##STR9##                                                    
                   H     H     0 Base - Oil Yield = 7% Hemimaleate m.p. = 
                                 135° C.    Base m.p.              
                                                   = 80.5° C.      
                                                   Yield = 14.2%          
6  CH.sub.3                                                               
       CH.sub.3                                                           
             H     H     H     0 Base - Oil n.sub.D.sup.20                
                                                   Base - Oil             
                                                   n.sub.D.sup.20 =       
                                                   1.469                  
                                 Yield = 19%       Yield = 15%            
7  C.sub.2 H.sub.5                                                        
        ##STR10##                                                         
             H     H     H     1 Base - Oil Yield = 27.9% Dicamphosulphona
                                 te m.p. = 128° C.                 
                                                   Base m.p. = 60° 
                                                   C. Yield = 3.7%        
8  C.sub.5 H.sub.11                                                       
        ##STR11##                                                         
             H     H     H     0 Base - Oil n.sub.D.sup.20 = 1.542 Yield  
                                 = 27.5%           Base - Oil             
                                                   n.sub.D.sup.20 = 1.532 
                                                   ield                   
__________________________________________________________________________
                                                   = 17.6%
EXAMPLE 9 1-[(2-p-methoxybenzyl-2-methyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]imidazole dihemimaleate
R1 =methyl, R2 =p-methoxybenzyl, R3 =R4 =R5 =hydrogen, x=1, z=0, Y=1.
200 ml of toluene, 5.5 g (0.081 mole) of imidazole, 19.6 g (0.081 mole) of 2-(p-methoxybenzyl)-2-methyl-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloride, 32.6 ml of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (d=1.33) and 2.0 g of hexadecyl tributylphosphonium bromide are introduced into a 500 ml reactor.
The mixture is heated for 4 hours to 85° to 90° C., accompanied by vigorous stirring and then, after cooling, the aqueous phase is removed.
The toluene phase is washed with a saturated, dehydrated sodium chloride solution and then the toluene is removed by distillation. A residue of 22.0 g is obtained, which is purified by silica column chromatography.
Elution by a cyclohexane:ethylacetate:methanol mixture 100:40:15 (v/v/v) makes it possible to separate the desired product. Weight 9.8 g, yield 46.1%.
8.4 g (0.032 mole) of product are salified by 7.75 g (0.067 mole) of maleic acid in 150 ml of ethanol under reflux. After cooling, the crystals obtained are filtered. Weight 10.0 g, yield 61.8%, m.p. 122.5° C.
On the basis of suitable reagents and the operating procedure described for example 9, the products of examples 10 and 11 are obtained (table 2) in which R3 =R4 =R5 =H, z=0 and y=1.
              TABLE 2                                                     
______________________________________                                    
EX.                                                                       
NO.  R.sub.1                                                              
            R.sub.2          X   PRODUCT                                  
______________________________________                                    
10   CH.sub.3                                                             
             ##STR12##       1   Base n.sub.D.sup.20 = 1.5540 Yield =     
                                 34%                                      
11   CH.sub.3                                                             
             ##STR13##       0   Base m.p. = 125.1° C. Yield =     
______________________________________                                    
                                 15%
EXAMPLE 12 1-[(2-phenyl-2-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-imidazole.
The chlorinated derivative corresponding to the levorotatory isomer 2-phenyl-2-ethyl-N,N-dimethylaminoethanol is prepared in the usual way. The product obtained is condensed with imidazole according to the procedure described in example 2. After treatment and purification, 18.8 g of oily products are obtained. Yield 38.6%,
[α]D 20 =-27.8° (EtOH c=1%)
Hemimaleate
18 g of the above product (0.074 mole) are salified under ethanol reflux by 9 g (0.078 mole) of maleic acid, giving 20 g of white crystals. Yield 75%, m.p. 125° C., [α]D 20 =-29.2° (H2 O c=2%).
The toxicological and pharmacological tests described in the following part demonstrate that the products according to the invention are only slightly toxic and have interesting cytoprotective activities.
The acute toxicity of the products was investigated in male SWISS/IOPS mice weighing approximately 22 g. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) was calculated by the method of L. J. REED and H. MUNCH (Am. J. Hyg. 1939-37-493) 14 days following the oral intraperitoneal treatment of batches of 10 animals per dose and on the basis of 4 to 6 doses per product. The results of this investigation are given in table 3 for the products of examples 1 to 8 and in table 4 for the products of examples 9 to 12.
                                  TABLE 3                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
ACUTE TOXICITY - Ex. 1 to 8                                               
           LD.sub.50 % mg/kg.sup.-1                                       
                                LD.sub.50 % mg/kg.sup.-1                  
PRODUCT CODE                                                              
           Oral route                                                     
                 i.p. route                                               
                      PRODUCT CODE                                        
                                Oral route                                
                                      i.p. route                          
__________________________________________________________________________
Ex. 1A, H. maleate                                                        
           559   326  Ex. 1B    285   145                                 
JO 1193               JO 1194                                             
Ex. 2A, H. maleate                                                        
           500   157  Ex. 2B    393   137                                 
JO 1230               JO 1231                                             
Ex. 3A, H. maleate                                                        
           >1150      Ex. 3B    >1152                                     
JO 1323               JO 1324                                             
                      Ex. 4B    298    47                                 
                      JO 1325                                             
                      Ex. 5B    840                                       
                      JO 1334                                             
Ex. 6A     >1180      Ex. 6B    >1180                                     
JO 1331               JO 1332                                             
Ex. 7A, Di Camphos.                                                       
           480        Ex. 7B    384                                       
JO 1365               JO 1364                                             
Ex. 8A     287        Ex. 8B    562   346                                 
JO 1368               JO 1367                                             
__________________________________________________________________________

              TABLE 4                                                     
______________________________________                                    
ACUTE TOXICITY - Ex. 9 to 12                                              
                LD.sub.50 % mg/kg.sup.-1                                  
PRODUCT CODE      Oral route                                              
                            i.p. route                                    
______________________________________                                    
EX. 9,   Di H. maleate                                                    
                      758       231                                       
         JO 1250                                                          
EX. 10   JO 1233       86        32                                       
EX. 11   JO 1366      183                                                 
EX. 12,  H. maleate   780                                                 
         JO 1274                                                          
______________________________________
The cytoprotective activity was investigated in connection with the stressing of the gastric mucosa caused by ethanol.
The cytoprotection test was carried out in accordance with the procedure described by A. ROBERT et al (Gastroenterology 1979-77-433). Batches of six male Sprague Dawley rats, which had not received solid food for 24 hours before the test, received by the oral route 1 ml/rat of absolute ethanol, after receiving the product to be tested 30 minutes beforehand by the subcutaneous routine for 1 hour beforehand by the oral route. One hour after ingesting the ethanol, the rats were killed by stretching and their stomachs were carefully removed, opened along the greater curvature, washed under running water and spread out. The ulcerations were then marked and measured under a binocular lamp. An index representing the sum of the lengths of the ulcers is then determined for each rat and the mean value of these indexes for each batch is calculated and compared with that of the control batch using the Student "t" test. The 50% effective dose (ED50) is then graphically determined when possible. In other cases, the percentage inhibition obtained with the aid of the maximum tested dose is given. The results are given in table 5 for the products of examples 1 to 8 and in table 6 for the products of examples 9 to 12.
                                  TABLE 5                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
CYTOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY- Ex. 1 to 8                                       
           LD.sub.50 % mg/kg.sup.-1                                       
                                 LD.sub.50 % mg/kg.sup.-1                 
PRODUCT CODE                                                              
           Oral route                                                     
                 s.c. route                                               
                       PRODUCT CODE                                       
                                 Oral route                               
                                       s.c. route                         
__________________________________________________________________________
Ex. 1A, H. maleate                                                        
           ED.sub.50% 13.0                                                
                 ED.sub.50 % 11.0                                         
                       Ex. 1B    ED.sub.50% 7.1                           
                                       ED.sub.50% 8.1                     
JO 1193                JO 1194                                            
Ex. 2A, H. maleate                                                        
           ED.sub.50% 12.0                                                
                 ED.sub.50% 12.6                                          
                       Ex. 2B    ED.sub.50% 12.0                          
                                       ED.sub.50% 10.0                    
JO 1230                JO 1231                                            
                       Ex. 3B    ED.sub.50% 26.0                          
                       JO 1324                                            
                       Ex. 4B          ED.sub.50% 4.0                     
                       JO 1325                                            
Ex. 7A, Di Camphos.                                                       
                 ED.sub.50% 26.6                                          
                       Ex. 7B          ED.sub.50% 8.5                     
JO 1365                JO 1364                                            
Ex. 8A           ED.sub.50% 25.0                                          
                       Ex. 8B          ED.sub.50% 9.0                     
JO 1368                JO 1367                                            
__________________________________________________________________________

              TABLE 6                                                     
______________________________________                                    
CYTOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY - Ex. 9 to 13                                     
                 LD × % mg/kg.sup.-1                                
PRODUCT CODE    s.c. route                                                
______________________________________                                    
EX. 10    JO 1233   ED.sub.50%    10.0                                    
EX. 11    JO 1366   ED.sub.40%   10.0                                     
EX. 12,   H. maleate                                                      
                    ED.sub.50%   5.3                                      
          JO 1274                                                         
______________________________________
The results summarized in the preceding tables show that the products according to the invention provide a significant protection against hemorrhages and ulcerations of the gastric mucosa caused in the rat by the absorption of absolute ethanol. This activity appears both when using the parenteral and the oral route. The ED50 values relative to these two routes are roughly equivalent for the compounds tested by the two routes (JO 1193, 1194, 1230 and 1231).
It is of particular interest to note that this activity occurs at doses far removed from the toxic doses (1/20 or 1/40 of the LD50).
The products according to the invention are also able to inhibit thromboxane synthetase and this activity can be linked with the previously described cytoprotective properties.
Thus, on very briefly summarizing recent works, it would appear that the prostanoids play a determinant part in the vasoactive phenomena of inflammation. Thus, in certain cases of ulcerous information, a reduction of PGE2 and PGI2 synthesis has been gastrically and duodenally demonstrated, these products being mediators having acid antisecretory effects, as well as stimulating alkaline secretion and acting as cytoprotectors.
Conversely, the effects of TXA2 are the opposite of those of PGI2. Thus, the relationship between these two prostanoid types is very important and becomes more advantageous with an increase of PG and a decrease of TX. The inhibition of thromboxane synthetase by products according to the invention is consequently significant and/or complementary of the cytoprotective activity.
The test performed was carried out in vitro on washed rabbit platelets. It was based on the publications of NEEDLEMAN (1977. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 74, 1716) and SALMON (1982, Cardiovascular Pharmacol. of the Prostaglandins--Raven Press N.Y. pp. 7 to 22). It makes it possible both to determine the reduction of the synthesis of TXB2 and also the possible increase of the synthesis of PGE2. Thus, it is possible to determine the activity of the products on the PG:TX ratio.
The results given in the following tables are expressed in CEx%, i.e. in micromolar concentrations per liter permitting an inhibition by x% of the synthesis of TXB2. In the adjacent column, the symbol + means that the effect also causes an increase in the synthesis of PGE2.
In this test, 1-benzyl imidazole recognised as a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor on human platelets (HSIN-HSIUNG TAI--BARBARA YUAN--Bioch, Biophys. Res. Comm. 1978 1 80 p. 237) was used as the reference substance. Certain products according to the invention have an equal to clearly superior activity to this product and in particular to the product designated JO 1193, 1368, 1367 and 1250.
                                  TABLE 7                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
RESULS OF EXAMPLES 1 to 8                                                 
PRODUCT CODE                                                              
           Inh. Tx B.sub.2                                                
                  Incr. PGE.sub.2                                         
                        PRODUCT CODE                                      
                                  Inh. TX B.sub.2                         
                                         Incr. PGE.sub.2                  
__________________________________________________________________________
Ex. 1A, H. maleate                                                        
           CE.sub.50% = 3.7                                               
                  +     Ex. 1B    CE.sub.50% = 17.4                       
                                         +                                
JO 1193                 JO 1194                                           
Ex. 2A, H. maleate                                                        
           CE.sub.10% = 50                                                
                        Ex. 2B    CE.sub.18% = 50                         
JO 1230                 JO 1231                                           
Ex. 5A     CE.sub.50% = 50                                                
                        Ex. 5B    CE.sub.20% = 50                         
JO 1333                 JO 1334                                           
Ex. 6A     CE.sub.41% = 50                                                
                        Ex. 6B    CE.sub.50% = 50                         
JO 1331                 JO 1332                                           
Ex. 7A, Di Camphos.                                                       
           CE.sub.50% < 1                                                 
                  +     Ex. 7B    CE.sub.35% = 100                        
JO 1365                 JO 1364                                           
Ex. 8A     CE.sub.50% = 0.56                                              
                  +     Ex. 8B    CE.sub.50% = 2.15                       
                                         +                                
JO 1368                 JO 1367                                           
__________________________________________________________________________

              TABLE 8                                                     
______________________________________                                    
RESULTS OF                                                                
EXAMPLES 9 to 12                                                          
PRODUCT CODE     Inh. TX B.sub.2                                          
                             Incr. PGE.sub.2                              
______________________________________                                    
EX. 9,               CE.sub.50% = 4.5                                     
                                 +                                        
EX. 10    JO 1233    CE.sub.50% = 13.2                                    
                                 +                                        
EX. 11    JO 1366    CE.sub.50% = 11.2                                    
                                 +                                        
EX. 12,   H. maleate CE.sub.50% = 11.3                                    
                                 +                                        
          JO 1274                                                         
Ref. 1-Benzyl-Imidazole                                                   
                 CE.sub.50% = 13.4                                        
______________________________________
The products according to the invention are administered to humans by the routes which are suitable for the nature and gravity of the ailment to be treated and in therapeutic forms which are compatible with the envisaged administration route. These different forms prepared on the basis of the products according to the invention in the form of the base or their different salts are prepared by per se known methods.
The different preparations can also contain the products according to the invention combined with compatible active principles, such as bacteriostatic, antibiotic, antispasmodic, anesthetic, analgesic, antiinflammatory and similar agents. Examples of these preparations are tablets, dragees, capsules, powder, solutions, suspensions, gels and suppositories. As a non-limitative illustration of their production, reference is made hereinafter to the production of tablets and injectable isotonic solutions using the active principles according to the invention.
______________________________________                                    
(1) Tablets          mg                                                   
______________________________________                                    
Active substance according to                                             
                     50.0                                                 
example 2A                                                                
Lactose              26.5                                                 
Mannitol             55.0                                                 
Officinal white sugar                                                     
                     11.0                                                 
Polyethylene glycol 6000                                                  
                      5.0                                                 
Magnesium stearate    2.0                                                 
Gelatin               0.5                                                 
Wheat starch         50.0                                                 
TOTAL                200.0                                                
______________________________________
The gelatin and officinal white sugar are separately dissolved in water. The two solutions are mixed and polyethylene glycol 6000 is added thereto. Moreover, the lactose and mannitol are intimately mixed, followed by the addition in succession of the active substance of example 2A, the wheat starch and then the previously obtained solution. The paste is dried, granulated and screened, whilst adding the magnesium stearate and wheat starch thereto. The product obtained is homogenized and compressed at a rate of 200.0 mg per tablet.
______________________________________                                    
(2) Injectable isotonic solution                                          
                           mg                                             
______________________________________                                    
Active substance according to example 1A                                  
                           10                                             
Sodium chloride            9                                              
Distilled water (quantity sufficient for)                                 
                           1     ml                                       
______________________________________
The isotonic solution is portioned out into ampoules of appropriate volume which, after sealing, are sterilized by per se known thermal means, or the solution is sterilized by filtration, portioned out into ampoules, followed by the sealing thereof, all these operations being carried out in a sterile atmosphere. In the latter case, it is preferable to add to the formula described, 1% of benzyl alcohol as the bacteriostatic agent, i.e. 10 mg of this alcohol per ml of solution.

Claims (5)

We claim:
1. Aminoethyl imidazole of formula: ##STR14## wherein R1 is lower alkyl,
R2 is lower alkyl, phenyl or phenoxy, optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkoxy or phenyl,
R3, R4 and R5, each represent hydrogen,
x, y and z are 0 or 1 with the proviso that y and z cannot be the same, or a pharmaceutically acceptable addition salt with an acid.
2. The aminoethyl imidazole of claim 1, wherein R2 is monosubstituted in the para-position.
3. The aminoethyl imidazole of claim 1 which is 1-[(2-phenyl-2-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-imidazole or a salt thereof.
4. The aminoethyl imidazole of claim 1 which is 1-[(1-phenyl-1-ethyl)-2-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl]-imidazole or a salt thereof.
5. A pharmaceutical composition having a cytoprotective and gastric antisecretory activity, said composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of an aminoethyl imidazole of formula: ##STR15## wherein R1 is lower alkyl,
R2 is lower alkyl, phenyl or phenoxy, optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkoxy or phenyl,
R3, R4 and R5, each represent hydrogen,
x, y and z are 0 or 1 with the proviso that y and z cannot be the same,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt with an acid.
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US5252594A (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-10-12 Rohm And Haas Company Fungicidal (2-aryl-2-substituted)ethyl-1,2,4-triazoles
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US3912689A (en) * 1973-04-02 1975-10-14 Air Prod & Chem Dialkylaminoalkylimidazoles as catalysts for preparation of polyurethanes
US4320134A (en) * 1978-02-18 1982-03-16 Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Inhibiton of thromboxane synthetase with 1-substituted imidazole compounds
US4579862A (en) * 1983-07-05 1986-04-01 G. D. Searle & Co. Certain 1H-imidazol-1-yl-1-lower-alkanoic acid derivatives having anti-thrombotic activity

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