US469685A - Vapor generator and burner - Google Patents

Description

2 sheets sheet 1.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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(No Model.)

VAPOR GENERATOR AND BURNER. No. 469.685.

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Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

ELLIS F. EDGAR, OF WOODBRIDGE, NEWV JERSEY.

VAPOR GENERATOR AND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,685, dated March 1, I892.

Application filed November 23, 1887. Serial No. 255,970. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ELLIS F. EDGAR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Woodbridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Vapor Generators and Burners, 'of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same, in which-- Figure 1 is an upper face View of my apparatus. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view thereof on line a: at, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of the vaporizing-vessel, but representing, in addition, an auxiliary reservoir, a connection between it and the apparatus in question, and a special valve. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of Fig. 5 is a perspective view of said apparatus from which a section has been cut on line 0:, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 isa longitudinal vertical section of the vaporizing-vessel, showing the vapor-burner in elevation. Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the construction of Fig.

- 6. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a stove, in

. sists of a reservoir for holding said material in its ordinary state provided in its top with apertures leading therefrom to the outer air above it, and in the combination therewith of various devices and attachments, as hereinafter described and claimed.

Various methods of burning oil from the surface of a material which had absorbed it and in various other ways have been devised; but they are substantially all open to the objection that thecombu stion does not approach perfection and smoke is produced to the consequent loss in heat developed, and the consequent annoyance of soiling articles brought in contact therewith; and to obviate this Ohjection is one of the purposes of my invention. In' carrying out the same in its preferable form I mold a vessel of fire-clayor other incombustible material, (the apparatus shown,)

its rectangular form being best adapted for use in the fire-box of stoves, where it is principally used. It is provided internally with an open space A, called the reservoir, which is its principal feature, and which is surrounded by side walls at, end walls I), and a coveringwall 0. This covering is pierced with a large number of.minute holes 6 and a larger one E, through the latter of which the reservoir may be filled, it being thereafter tightly closed. The end walls 11 not only inclose the reservoir, but extend beyond the side walls thereof for a distance on either side, and these extensions are connected by longitudinal walls 1), running from one end Wallto the other parallel to the side walls of the reservoir, but separate therefrom, except at the center, where said longitudinal walls and side walls form one piece, or, as it were, a bridge b as seen in Fig. 2, to increase the strength of the apparatus. The walls I) b and the extensions of b may be dispensed with; but they add great advantages, as will readily appear. The interior surfaces of said walls I) are preferably beveled outwardly from top to bottom, as seen in Fig. 2, for a purpose presently to be named.

The operation of this apparatus is as follows: Oil or equivalent material is introduced into reservoir A, usually through opening E, until it is about half-filled, though, if filled, it

will soon be less than full and will operate as it will if less than half-filled. This material at once begins to percolate through the pores in the lower portions of walls a and will soon collect upon the exterior thereof. It is then ignited and burns freely up about the sides of A, greatly assisted by the draft caused by the rush of air and flame through the passages 19 between walls a and b. The heat produced by the fire' thus produced speedily converts a I portion of the material within the reservoir into vapor, which rushes through apertures e, is ignited above them by the flame issuing through passage 19, and the united combustion produces a great, yet economical, heat, the results obtained being far superior to those produced by the direct burning of oil.

To effect a complete combustion of the materials employed, the combination therewith of large quantities of air is necessary, and this of said passages may be so directed as to impinge at once upon the currents of gas issuing from e. The result is great economy and cleanliness in the consumption of 'oiland kindred materials for heating purposes, especially when the apparatus is used in the firebox of a stove. To produce, the best results when so located, no spaceshonld be left for the passage of air through the fire-box between its walls and For I), but all the air be compelled topass through 19, as better'draftthereby results, and it may be better controlled by the usual dampers of the stove, though, if preferred, dampers may easily be arranged within or at eitheropening of 19; Its application to a stove is fully shown in Fig. 8,withthis variation: that as the stove is provided with a water-back w the side wall I), which would be on that side if the apparatus were placed in the-stove without change, has been removed, and the water-back itself acts asa wall to form with the side a adjacentto it the passage for air. This arrangement insures the heating of the water in the boiler B, connected to the'water-back by pipes 77. and m, for the flame touches the surface of said water-back in passing upward. It also enables me to dispense with one side wall, as will readily be seen, for the end walls I) and the bridge b resting upon the grate g of the stove S, amply supportthe reservoirin proper position. At the rearside of course the draft must be through passage 19, for there is no other, and at the front the same result is attained bypacking the space between I)" and j (the stove-lining or ordinary brick) with as bestus dor any other suitable filling, and thus forcing the air to pass through 19 on its way'from the front openings in the stove to the pipe H and the chimney. The apertures e should be small enough to prevent any possibilityof the fiame'backing through them to the reservoir A, and I have found that with the covering-wall c three-quarters of an inch thick and said apertures about one thirtysecond of an inch in diameter such result will'be accomplished. So, too, the apertures through the walls a, if an apertured material neath the bottom of said vessel, and is provided with a vapor-burner beneath said bottom or is formed into a burner by means of perforations through its upper side, a portion of the vapor generated passing from the vapor-space of the vessel A through the pipe I and burning at the vapor-burner located beneath the bottom of said vessel,therebyincreasing the heat.

One charge of oil will last for a considerable time; but if it is desired to burn a continuous fire in this apparatus it may easily be done by connecting thereto an auxiliary res- .ervoir A.

This may be done by means of an ordinary supply-pipe s, passing through the opening E; I prefer to extendit onto or near the bottom of the reservoir, and to provide it with an automatic valve V, as shown, which will keep the liquid in the primary reservoir A at an even level without constant attention. This valve-I construct as follows: The lower portion of sis cut away or left open to permit free passagefor the liquid. Some distance above the said lower end I place a diaph ragm o, with a small reverse V-shaped aperture through it. Below said aperture I place one or two bridges Q2. Through said bridge or bridgesI pass a stem riwhich is sustained in proper line thereby. Its upper end bears an enlargement '0 adapted when raised to close the aperture in o, and upon said stem I fasten a float 1, preferably having the contour and nearly the diameter of s.

The operation is obvious. Liquid entering through 8 passes into A and rises until its pressure lifts the float f, stem '0 and valve 0'" which closes the aperture '12 and prevents further entry of liquid until'the level thereof in A is slightly reduced, when the float-descends, the valve opens, and liquid enters to restore the predetermined level. Of course other forms of valve might be used to accomplish this same purpose and their combination with apparatus such as specified would be within the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is--

1. A hydrocarbon-fluid vaporizer andburner consisting of a non-combustible porous vessel provided with vapor-escape openings located in its top and side walls integral with said vessel, forming therewith tapering channels,

in combination with means for supplying oil to said vessel, and a burner-pipe communicatin g with said vessel and extending aroundbeneath the same, substantially as described.

2. A hydrocarbon-fluid vaporizer and burner consisting of a non-combustible porous vessel provided with vapor-escape openings located in its top and side walls integral with said vessel, forming therewith tapering channels, and means for' supplying oil to said vessel, substantially as described.

3. An oil vaporizer and burner consisting of a closed vaporizing-retort formed of porous non-combustible material provided with an oil-supply and vapor-escape openings'in its the retort and provided with a burner, subupper portion, whereby the oil contained in stantially as described. said vessel pereolates through and to the exterior of the bottom thereof and is adapted to ELLIS A 5 burn thereon and vaporize the oil in the ves- WVitnesses:

sel, and a burner-pipe opening into the upper EDWARD SWANN,

portion of the retort and extending beneath A. G. N. VERMILYA.

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