US4683810A - Two-stage composite piston - Google Patents
Two-stage composite piston Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4683810A US4683810A US06/681,350 US68135084A US4683810A US 4683810 A US4683810 A US 4683810A US 68135084 A US68135084 A US 68135084A US 4683810 A US4683810 A US 4683810A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- cup
- annular
- shell
- bonded
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
- F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B5/00—Machines or pumps with differential-surface pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/005—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers obtained by assembling several pieces
- F16J1/006—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers obtained by assembling several pieces of different materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
- F05C2225/08—Thermoplastics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/47—Molded joint
- Y10T403/472—Molded joint including mechanical interlock
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
- Y10T403/7047—Radially interposed shim or bushing
Definitions
- This invention relates to pistons and in particular to a relatively lightweight two-stage piston for multiple stage reciprocating compressors and related equipment.
- the present invention relates to pistons and in particular to a relatively lightweight composite two-stage piston for multiple stage reciprocating compressors and related equipment.
- the two-stage composite piston embodying the invention includes a high pressure first piston and a low pressure second piston which are adapted to be reciprocably mounted in the axially aligned high and low pressure chambers of a multiple stage compressor.
- the base of the high pressure piston is bonded within a cup provided in the structure of the composite piston which is bonded within a hollow annular core sized to receive a connecting rod within its interior which is in turn adapted to be operatively coupled to the end of the connecting rod.
- the low pressure piston is secured about the annular core, and is similarly carried by the core.
- the invention contemplates a relatively straightforward and lightweight two-stage piston arrangement which is particularly suited for use in high pressure multiple stage compressors.
- various changes can be made in the arrangement, form and construction of the apparatus disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a two-stage composite piston embodying the invention mounted within the cylinder chambers of a multiple stage compressor shown schmetically in phantom lines;
- FIG. 2 is an end elevation view of the two-stage piston shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken generally along line 3--3 in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view showning an alternative embodiment
- FIG. 5-9 generally illustrate the method of fabricating the two-stage composite piston.
- the composite two-stage piston 1 embodying the invention is particularly adapted for use in a high pressure multiple stage compressor 2 as shown schematically in the drawing.
- the composite piston 1 which includes a high pressure first piston 3 and a low pressure second piston 4, is reciprocably mounted in the high and low pressure cylinder chambers 5 and 6, respectively.
- the composite piston 1 is reciprocable driven within the cylinder chambers 5 and 6 by a connecting rod 7 in the conventional fashion.
- the composite two-stage piston 1 is preferably constructed of steel and a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin plastic.
- the high pressure piston 3 is formed of a hollow epoxy resin plastic tube having a closed outer end forming a piston head 10 and a base or attachment portion 11.
- the base 11 is provided with an annular shoulder 12 which is secured within a steel cup 13 by inwardly radiating annular tabs 14 and 15 provided about the inner periphery of the cup 13, and bonded to the interior of the cup 13 by a suitable epoxy adhesive as will be described.
- a plurality of conventional piston sealing rings 16 are secured in a corresponding plurality of circumferential grooves 17 disposed about the periphery of the piston in the usual fashion.
- the low pressure piston 6 is supported within the composite two-stage piston 1 by a hollow annular epoxy resin plastic core 20 having a conically-shaped head portion 22 bonded to the outer periphery of the cup 13 and an outer cylindrical shell 21 sized to receive the connecting rod 7 within its interior.
- a pair of axially spaced annular rims 23 and 24 are provided about the outer periphery of the cup which embrace the marginal edges of the head portion 22 about the periphery of the cup.
- the low pressure piston 4 is similarly formed of an epoxy resin plastic and includes an outer cylindrical sleeve or ring carrier 30 and a piston head 31 at the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve 30.
- the cylindrical sleeve 30 is concentrically spaced from the periphery of the shell 21 by a pair of spacer rings 32 and 33 with the piston head 31 abutting the annular rim 23, the conically-shaped head portion 22, and the inner end of the shell 21.
- the mating surfaces of these components are bonded together with an appropriate epoxy adhesive.
- a plurality of conventional piston rings 34 are secured in a corresponding plurality of circumferential grooves 35 disposed about the periphery of the cylindrical sleeve or ring carrier 30.
- the invention provides for operatively coupling the composite piston 1 to the connecting rod 7 with a conventional steel wrist pin 40.
- the wrist pin 40 is removably secured within a pair of annular plastic collars 41 which are bonded to the shell 21 within a pair of transversely aligned apertures 42, it being noted that a corresponding pair of apertures 43 are provided in the cylindrical sleeve 30. This enables a workman to simply slip the pin 40 through one of the apertures 43 to secure the pin through the collars 41 and the connecting rod 7 to couple the composite piston to the rod.
- a small screw 44 is threaded through each of the collars 41 which can be ajusted to clamp the pin 40 in position after it is secured through the collars 41 to prevent it from rotating during operation of the compressor. This has been found to reduce wear on the collars 41 while at the same time insuring sufficient relative motion between the pin 40 and the connecting rod 7 for proper lubrication of those components.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the high pressure piston 3.
- an annular aluminum sleeve 50 is bonded about the end of the piston 3.
- This arrangement provides a reinforced retaining structure for the piston rings 16 carried within the circumferential grooves 17 cut in the periphery of the aluminum sleeve 50.
- the two-stage piston 1 is constructed of a metal and plastic composite which experience has demonstrated is particularly adapted to the high temperatures typically encountered in high pressure multiple stage compressors and the like, while at the same time being of a relatively lightweight and easily fabricated construction.
- the cup 13 was made of steel, and the pistons 3 and 4, core 20, spacer rings 32 and 33, and collars 41 were all made from a carbon fiber wound epoxy resin plastic such as Hercules 4502 sold by the Hercules Corporation of Salt Lake City, Utah. These components were in turn bonded together with a two-stage epoxy adhesive such as Hysol EA9307 marketed by the Dexter Corporatin of Olean, New York using conventional curing practices.
- FIGS. 5-9 generally illustrate one method of assembling the composite two-stage piston 1. While the embodiment shown incorporates the annular aluminum sleeve 50 shown in FIG. 4, it is to be understood that essentially the same method can be used in the fabrication of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3.
- the base 11 of the high pressure piston 3 is coated with adhesive and inserted into the steel cup 13. After securing the base 11 in the cup 13, the tabs 14 are folded or bent inwardly against the base 11 to entrap the shoulder 12 within cup.
- the core 20 is built-up and bonded on the cup 13 using conventional plastic molding and machining techniques.
- the low pressure piston 4, spacer rings 32 and 33, and sleeves 41 are bonded within the assembly.
- the aluminum sleeve 50 is bonded about the end of the high pressure piston 3 and the final machining of the composite piston is completed as indicated in FIG. 9.
- the invention contemplates a relatively lightweight yet easily fabricated composite two-stage piston.
- the pressure loads on both the high and low pressure pistons are carried directly by the cup 13 and core 20 in a fashion essentially minimizing the mass of material required to support these loads over the life of the two-stage piston.
- This structure coupled with the composite construction of the piston, has resulted in a two-stage piston weighing less than 50 percent of the weight of the cast metal two-stage pistons heretofore in use. This has significantly reduced vibration induced by the piston during operation of the compressor as well as the weight and bulk of the stationary structure of the compressor necessary to withstand such loads.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/681,350 US4683810A (en) | 1984-12-13 | 1984-12-13 | Two-stage composite piston |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/681,350 US4683810A (en) | 1984-12-13 | 1984-12-13 | Two-stage composite piston |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4683810A true US4683810A (en) | 1987-08-04 |
Family
ID=24734906
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/681,350 Expired - Fee Related US4683810A (en) | 1984-12-13 | 1984-12-13 | Two-stage composite piston |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4683810A (en) |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4773282A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-09-27 | Pneumo Abex Corporation | Piston rod assembly including an injection bonded piston head and fabrication method |
US4777844A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-10-18 | Ford Motor Company | Hybrid ceramic/metal compression link for use in higher temperature applications |
US4821627A (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1989-04-18 | Leigh Monstevens Keith V | Piston and cylinder assembly |
US4872370A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-10-10 | Pneumo Abex Corporation | Piston rod assembly including preloaded piston head and composite rod |
US4909133A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Lightweight piston architecture |
WO2000061946A1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2000-10-19 | Ulka Srl | Composite piston for a vibration pump |
KR100330768B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2002-03-29 | 유창근 | Plastic piston of gas cylinder |
US20050129542A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Collings Douglas A. | Compressor assembly with piston having multiple cross sections |
US20050129543A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Collings Douglas A. | Compressor assembly with reciprocating piston and vented cylinder |
US20120286016A1 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-15 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Reinforced plastic sleeve for pneumatic nailer |
US20140130664A1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-15 | Cameron International Corporation | Light composite piston |
US20140150641A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Axial piston machine having a conical piston |
RU167757U1 (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-01-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Тегас" | PISTON DIFFERENTIAL COMPRESSOR |
US9611936B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2017-04-04 | Ge Oil & Gas Compression Systems, Llc | Piston rod clamping system |
US10035526B2 (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2018-07-31 | New York Air Brake, LLC | Brake piston assembly |
CN108825469A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽士必达液压器材有限公司 | A kind of super-pressure pump high-low pressure piston component |
US11149850B2 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2021-10-19 | Annovi Reverberi S.P.A. | Piston made of ceramic material |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE122423C (en) * | ||||
FR510852A (en) * | 1920-02-28 | 1920-12-13 | Louis Auguste Giraud | Quick assembly device for pulleys on motor shafts and more particularly on electric motors |
US1709316A (en) * | 1926-11-20 | 1929-04-16 | Lord Frank Howard | Composite piston |
US1815799A (en) * | 1928-10-17 | 1931-07-21 | Arthur B Raymond | Piston |
US4253430A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1981-03-03 | General Motors Corporation | Insulated oil cooled piston assembly |
US4450610A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1984-05-29 | Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft | Method of making a piston |
US4466399A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1984-08-21 | Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Piston-cylinder set for reciprocating internal-combustion engines, especially Otto and diesel engines |
-
1984
- 1984-12-13 US US06/681,350 patent/US4683810A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE122423C (en) * | ||||
FR510852A (en) * | 1920-02-28 | 1920-12-13 | Louis Auguste Giraud | Quick assembly device for pulleys on motor shafts and more particularly on electric motors |
US1709316A (en) * | 1926-11-20 | 1929-04-16 | Lord Frank Howard | Composite piston |
US1815799A (en) * | 1928-10-17 | 1931-07-21 | Arthur B Raymond | Piston |
US4253430A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1981-03-03 | General Motors Corporation | Insulated oil cooled piston assembly |
US4450610A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1984-05-29 | Audi Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft | Method of making a piston |
US4466399A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1984-08-21 | Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. | Piston-cylinder set for reciprocating internal-combustion engines, especially Otto and diesel engines |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4777844A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-10-18 | Ford Motor Company | Hybrid ceramic/metal compression link for use in higher temperature applications |
US4773282A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1988-09-27 | Pneumo Abex Corporation | Piston rod assembly including an injection bonded piston head and fabrication method |
US4872370A (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1989-10-10 | Pneumo Abex Corporation | Piston rod assembly including preloaded piston head and composite rod |
US4821627A (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1989-04-18 | Leigh Monstevens Keith V | Piston and cylinder assembly |
US4909133A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Lightweight piston architecture |
WO2000061946A1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2000-10-19 | Ulka Srl | Composite piston for a vibration pump |
US6554588B1 (en) | 1999-04-09 | 2003-04-29 | Ulka Srl | Composite piston for a vibration pump |
KR100330768B1 (en) * | 1999-10-13 | 2002-03-29 | 유창근 | Plastic piston of gas cylinder |
US7273355B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2007-09-25 | Tecumseh Products Company | Compressor assembly with piston having multiple cross sections |
US20050129543A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Collings Douglas A. | Compressor assembly with reciprocating piston and vented cylinder |
FR2863670A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-17 | Tecumseh Products Co | COMPRESSOR COMPRISING A MULTI-SECTION PISTON |
US7175400B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2007-02-13 | Tecumseh Products Company | Compressor assembly with reciprocating piston and vented cylinder |
US20050129542A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Collings Douglas A. | Compressor assembly with piston having multiple cross sections |
US20120286016A1 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-11-15 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Reinforced plastic sleeve for pneumatic nailer |
US8695863B2 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-04-15 | Illinois Tool Works, Inc. | Reinforced plastic sleeve for pneumatic nailer |
US20140130664A1 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-15 | Cameron International Corporation | Light composite piston |
US9611936B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2017-04-04 | Ge Oil & Gas Compression Systems, Llc | Piston rod clamping system |
US9611935B2 (en) * | 2012-11-12 | 2017-04-04 | Ge Oil & Gas Compression Systems, Llc | Light composite piston |
US10352443B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2019-07-16 | Ge Oil & Gas Compression Systems, Llc | Light composite piston |
US20140150641A1 (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Axial piston machine having a conical piston |
US10035526B2 (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2018-07-31 | New York Air Brake, LLC | Brake piston assembly |
RU167757U1 (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2017-01-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Тегас" | PISTON DIFFERENTIAL COMPRESSOR |
US11149850B2 (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2021-10-19 | Annovi Reverberi S.P.A. | Piston made of ceramic material |
CN108825469A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-16 | 安徽士必达液压器材有限公司 | A kind of super-pressure pump high-low pressure piston component |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MCGRAW-EDISON COMPANY ROLLING MEADOWS, IL A DE COR Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AFIMIWALA, KHURSHID A.;REEL/FRAME:004345/0439 Effective date: 19841207 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DRESSER-RAND COMPANY, CORNING, NEW YORK A GENERAL Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DRESSER INDUSTRIES, INC., A DE. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004720/0833 Effective date: 19861231 |
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FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
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FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
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FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 8 |
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REMI | Maintenance fee reminder mailed | ||
LAPS | Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees | ||
FP | Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee |
Effective date: 19990804 |
|
STCH | Information on status: patent discontinuation |
Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362 |