US454604A - sautter - Google Patents

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US454604A
US454604A US454604DA US454604A US 454604 A US454604 A US 454604A US 454604D A US454604D A US 454604DA US 454604 A US454604 A US 454604A
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switch
circuit
search
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/06—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle
    • B60Q1/076—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle by electrical means including means to transmit the movements, e.g. shafts or joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/24—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments for lighting other areas than only the way ahead
    • B60Q1/245—Searchlights, e.g. adjustable from within the vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/22—Adjustable mountings telescopic

Definitions

  • GASTON SAUTTER OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SAUT'IER, IIARII 8: CO., OF SAME PLACE.
  • This invention relates more particularly to machinery for directing search-lights from a 15 distance by means of electricity; but each of the improvements constituting the said invention is included for all the uses to which it may be adapted.
  • the commanding officer may be able himself to direct the luminous beam while he observes the distant illuminated objects.
  • the said light is mounted by means of trunnions on a turn-table which is revolved by one motor to give the movement in azimuth,and the movement in altitude is imparted through a swivel-joint in the axis of the turn-table through devices to which a transverse movement is imparted by the other 6o motor.
  • circuit-changers are arranged in the path of a correspondinglymovable device, so as to be struck thereby and operated to change the circuit.
  • the invention also comprises particular constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts in the controllingswitch and also in the search-light, as hereinafter set forth.
  • Figures l and 2 are 9c. sectional elevations in planes at right angles to each other of a search-light.
  • Figs. 3 and i are a partial sectional and partial face view of the controlling-switch for one motor. Figs.
  • Figs. 5 and b' are a face view and a cross-section, 95 respectively, of the controller, which comprises switches for both motors.
  • Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail views in section of one of the switches.
  • the search-light in the form of an electric lamp is contained in the drum A10, which has a depending compartment A3, with binding-- posts A11 -or the feeding-wires. Itis mounted on trunnions A12 on the posts A9, which project upward from the turn-table A1.
  • the search-light and its turn-table are supported on the hollow base A, in which are the motors and connecting mechanisln for imparting movement thereto, and also the automatic circuit-changers.
  • the drumA is oscillated on its trunnions through the lever A', fulcrumed on the turn-table A1and connected by the link A2 with the said drinn, and connected also by a swivel-j oint with the transversely-movable rod B13 in the hollow arbor of the turn-table.
  • This swivel-joint being in the axis of the turntable, does -not interfere with the rotation thereof.
  • the rod B13 is bored and threaded at its lower end to form a nut, which engages the screw B12 on the elongated hub of the worm-wheel B11. This last turns loosely on a vertical stud, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the rod B13 is raised or lowered, thereby rocking the lever A and oscillating the drum A10 on its trunnions A12.
  • the wires for feeding electricity to form the arc of the search-light extend from the binding-posts A22 to the posts A7 on the turn-table, one of which rubs over the contact-ring AG and the other over the contact-rin g A1', which form the terminals of the feeding-circuit.
  • the rotation of the turn-table A1 therefore does not aifeet the supply of electricity to the lamp in drum A10.
  • At A11 is a hand-switch for making and breaking the feeding-circuit of said lamp.
  • the motors to traverse the searchlight and to elevate and depress its beam ⁇ comprise the armatures B2 and B3, whose fieldmagnets are in one piece and magnetized by the coil B common to both.
  • the shaft B"1 of the armature B2 carries a pinion B6, which engages the spur-wheel B2, whose shaft carries a screw B14, Fig. 2, engaging the wormwheel B15, that turns loosely on the pin B111, and carries with itself the pinion B17, engaging Ithe spur-wheel B12, already mentioned.
  • the shaft B5 of armature B3 carries a pinion B1, Fig. 1, which en ⁇ - gages tne spur-wheel B2, whose shaft carries a screw B10, engaging' the worm-wheel B11, that turns loosely on its central pin and revolves the screw B12, above mentioned, so as to raise and lower the rod B13 and oseillate the drum A10.
  • At A and A are two automatic circuitchangers, which are operated, respectively,by the arm b on the lower end of the rod B13 when the latter reaches the top or bottom of its course.
  • the circuit-changers A and A are each mounted on, but insulated from, a bracketframe of, say, bronze, composed of the arm P upright P, and foot P2, and secured by the last to the tray-like base-plate Bi, Figs. l and 2, under the gearing above mentioned.
  • the arm b acts upon one or the other of the levers b b2, which are held in their normal positions (shown in Figs.
  • Each lever carries two contacts p p and p2 p3, respectively, in the form of pins of, say, silver fixed in holders of,say, bronze, insulated from each other, and the levers h h2 are provided with binding-posts p5 195 p1 296.
  • the holders P3 F1 are provided with bolts, which pass through the holders for the pins p and p3, and are surrounded with insulating material. At p1 is a permanent electrical connection between the contacts p and p2.
  • the pins p p and '192 p3 of each pair project on opposite sides of a switch-lever P5 P11, respectively, which is combined with a spring r2 r3 for holding the switch-lever against one of the pin-contacts until said pin has moved it past the middle position, and for thereupon snappingthe said lever into contact with the other pin of the pair;
  • the switch-levers?5 PG are each stirrup-shaped, (see Fig. 12,) and are mounted between centers p2 for the lower and p10 for the upper switch-lever, and the IIO springs r2 r2, in the form of spiral tensionc.
  • the conductingblock C3 (of, say, copper) rubs over and establishes an electrical connection with the contact E. It is carried by the conducting leaf-spring F whose ends are fastened to but insulated from the rotating box C, of, say, bronze, which is turned by the handle D.
  • the arbors C* may be cast integral with the box C, and the upper of said arbors turns in a stationary bridge D.
  • the conducting-block C4 rubs over and establishes an electrical connection with the contact E1l or the contact E, according to the position in which it is placed, and said block is of such size that when it is in the middle position it establishes the electrical connection with both contacts ll4 and E, thus establishing; a short circuit between them.
  • the block C4 is carried by a conducting leaf-spring F3, whose ends, like those of spring F are attached to but insulated from the box C.
  • the blocks C3 and C4- are electrically connected with each other by means of the metallic pieces C and C, so that the contact E is always in electrical connection with one or the other of the contacts EHIL or E, or with both.
  • the conducting-block C rubs over the contacts E3 E2 E El2 E3.
  • the conducting leaf-spring F2 It is carried by the conducting leaf-spring F2, whose ends are attached to but insulated from the box C.
  • the conducting-blocks C and C4 are electrically connected with each other by the metallic pieces C2 02, so that when said blocks are in the central position they put the contact E into electrical connection with both the contacts E4 and EM. lVhen they are moved to the left, they successively put the contacts E', E2, and E3 in electrical connection with the contact El, and when they are moved to the right they successively put the contacts E', FX2, and E3 into contact with the contact E.
  • the said apparatus therefore constitutes a reversing-switch, for if the current from the plus pole of an electrical generator be led to contacts E3 E2 E E2 E3 and the contact F be connected with the minus pole of said generator while the contacts E4131L are connected with the respective poles of a motor, then it is evident that as the handle D, box C, and the two pairs of blocks or rub bersmviz., C3 CSl and CI3 Ci-are turned to the left, the current from the generator would pass to the motor by way of one of the contacts E E2 E3,block.
  • the object of using a number of contacts E E3 is to enable the apparatus to serve as an adjustable rheostat or currentregulator.
  • resistances E7 are placed between the contacts E, and these are on one side thereof, the contacts on the opposite sides thereof being crossconnected-namely, E2 with E2 and E3 with E3; but the resistancecoils could be placed on both sides, as those skilled in electrical apparatus will readily understand.'
  • the apparatus or controlling-switch in addition to serving -as a reversing-switch and current-regulator, is also a short-circuitor for the motor, as already explained.
  • a spring g, Figs. 3 and S (shown as a volute spring,) is interposed between two sleeves (Z3 and (Z2 inside the box C, the sleeve (Z2 loosely surrounding the arbor C* and having the inner end of the spring g attached thereto at f, and the sleeve (Z3 being fastened inside the casing (Z, which itself fits loosely inside of the box C.
  • YVith these parts are combined, first, a sector (Z, Figs. 3 and 7, fastened by screws o to the box C; second, a sector (Z5, Figs.
  • each sleeve is of course arrested so soon as the bottom sectors (Z4 and (Z (see Fig. 9) strike against the stationary sector In this movement each top sector presses against the sector (Z, which is brought to the middle position, as indicated in Fig. '7, and brings with it the handle D, box C, and springs F F2 F3 F4, and blocks C3 03 C* CM. Zhen therefore the handle D is released, the spring g returns the controlling-switch to the middle position.
  • the sectors permit, however, a movement to the right or left by application of a sucient force to overcome the resistance of the spring g.
  • the handle D is turned to the left, the sector (Z presses against the sector (Z2 and carries around the sleeve (Z2 against the resistance of the spring, the sector (Z5 acting as a iixed stop to prevent the sleeve (Z3 and casing (Z from following, while the sector (ZG is free to move away from the said stop (Z5.
  • the handle D is turned to the right the fixed stop (Z5 arrests the movement of the sleeve (Z2, while the sector (Z carries the sleeve (Z3 and casing (Z along with. the handle D and box C. All the sectors may be described as stops or mechanical contact-pieces.
  • At G is a simple hand-switch for making or ICO IIO
  • contacts E 2 E2 E E2 E3 are in electrical communication with the plus pole of the generator Q, as just described. Its contact E is in electrical communication with the minus pole of said generator Q by way of the post L.
  • the contact E4 is in electrical communication with one brush of the armature B2 by way of the binding-post L2 and 2 and the contact E4 by way of the posts L2 or 3 with the other brush of said armature.
  • the circuit through the field-coil from the generator Q is by way of the post L, switch G, post L4, post 4, coil B, post 1, post L, and postL.
  • the righthand switch controls the motor-armature B2. Its contacts E3 E2 E E2 E3 are in electrical communication with the plus pole of Ithe generator Q, as above described. Its contact E is in electrical connection with the minus pole of the generator Q by way of the post L.
  • contact E4 of the right-hand switch is in electrical communication with one brush of the armature B2 by way of the posts L6 and 6, contact p, lever P5, wire p4, the contact E4 with the other brush by way of the posts L5 and 5, contact p2, lever P, and wire p2.
  • the rotation of the armature B2 revolves the screw B44, pinion B47,spur-wheel B42, and turn-table A4, so as to sweep the search-light rapidly around the horizon, the direction of the movement being determined by that of the armature B2, which of course depends upon the winding, as well understood. It will be convenient, however, to make the winding such that the movement of the turn-table A4 will correspond as nearas may be with that of the handle D. To reverse the movement of the turn-table A4, the depending handle D is swung to the left, thus putting the blocks C2 C4 and 03 C 4 ot theleft-ha nd switch in the position shown in Fig. 14.
  • the current passes by way of the contact E2 and cross-conneet-ion to contactES, and thence by blocks 02 C4 to contact E 4, post L2, post 3, motorarmature B2, post 2, post L2, contact E4, block C2 C4, and contact E.
  • the armature B2 rotates in the opposite direction and turns the turntable A4 and search-light A10 also in the opposite direction.
  • the resistances A7 are out out, the armature B2 and the turn-table A4 are revolved at the highest speed.
  • the depending handle D may be turned so as to bring the blocks C2 C4 opposite the contacts E2 or E2, when one of the resistance-coils will be included. It' a still lower speed is desired, the blocks C2 04 may be brought opposite the end of the contact, thus bringing both resistances E7 in circuit; but if preferred the resistance between the contacts E and E2 may be so large 1 that the current will be inconsiderable when said resistance is included in circuit.
  • the circuit of generator Q is closed through the resistances E7, contact E, blocks 02 C 4, contacts E4 E4, blocks C2 C4, contact E,'while the armature B2 is short-circuited through the post 2, post L2, contact E4, blocks C4 and C 4, contact E4, post L2, and post 3.
  • the armature B2 may be revolving at this time, it sets up a strong current in the short circuit, whose reaction suddenly arrests the rotation of the said armature and the movement ot the search-light, thus enabling the said light to be iixed on the spot desired without danger of being carried past it by the momentum of the machinery.
  • the turn-table A4 may be revolved in either direction around the whole horizon.
  • the right-hand switch controls the movement of the search-light in altitude. It is independent of thatj ust described, and as shown in Fig. 6 the handle D projects horizontally. By moving this handle to the highest position t-he blocks C2 C4 and C2 and IIO ITS
  • the current from generator Q passes by way of the post L, switch G, contact E2, and crossconnection to the contact E2, (thus cutting out the resistances E2) and from the contact E2 it passes by the blocks 02 C4, contact E4, post LG, post G, wire p4, pin-contactp, lever P5, wire p7 to one brush ot' the armature B3. It returns to the generator by way of the wire p2, lever P6, pinecontact p3, wire 1)4, post 5, post L5, contact E4, blocks C2 C4, contact E, and post L.
  • the arm l rises with the nut-rod B15, and when the latter approaches the top ot its movement it strikes the inner end of the lever h', and as said movement continues it turns the lever Zi against the force of its spring r and lowers the pins p p and lever P5 until the last-mentioned, having been carried past the horizontal, is in a position to be pulled down suddenly by the spring r2 against the pin p, as indicated in Fig. 13 by the dotted line.
  • the arm B strikes the lever B2, and as the downward movement continues it raises the pins p5 p5 and the lever Pi until the spring fr snaps the lever P5 against the pin p2, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 14.
  • the armature B5 is now short-circuited by way of the pin p2, wire p5, the post 1, post L, contact E, blocks C5 C", contact E, post L, post G, wire p, pin j), and lever P5, and the searchlight is automatically stopped with the beam in its lowermost position.
  • the right-hand switch can be turned to bring the blocks C5 C"l opposite the contacts E2 or IW or opposite the end of contact E. To stop the search-light at any point in its up -and-down motion, the right -hand switch is placed in or allowed to assume the middle position.
  • the short circuit will be completed from the contact EI4 by way of the blocks C5 C4 and 05 C, contact E4, post L, post (i, wire p, and pin p. If the lever P5 be placed against the pin p2, the short circuit is formed by way of the wire p*, post 1, post L, blocks C5 C4, contact E5, post L5, post 6, wire p", pin-contact p, lever P5. To cut oit the current entirely, the switch G is turned.
  • the search-iight mounted to move in altitude and azimuth and provided with two motors in the base thereof, and intermediate mechanism whereby said light is moved in each of said directions by one of said motors, in combination with a controllingeswitch for cach motor, having an operating-handle, and comprising movable and opposing contacts relatively arranged and connected with said handle, as explained, so that the motor stops when the said handle is in the middle position and turns in one direction or the other as said handle is shifted to one side or the other of said middle position, substantially as described.
  • a controllingswitch comprising the switch-blocks or movable contacts, the opposing contacts, the rheostats, the double-acting spring, the stops, and the resistances, whereby said switch may send out a current-ot ⁇ ivariable intensity in either direction and when released is automaticallyreturned to the middle position, substantially as described.
  • a circuit-reversing switch having the contacts arranged to form a short circuit when the said switchis in the middle position, substantial'ly as described.
  • a ⁇ Y circuit -reversing switch having the contacts arranged to form a short circuit when said switch is in the middle position, and provided on either side of said position with a series of contacts and resistances for varying the intensity of the current, substantially as described.
  • a circuit-controlling switch comprising an upper and lower set ot contacts, a box provided with a handle, conducting ⁇ blocks and springs in said box, sleeves and springs in said bornand the sectors or stops, substantially as described.
  • a search-light mounted to move in altitude and provided with an electric motor and intermediate mechanism, and also with circuit-changers in the circuit of said motor adapted to be operated automatically when the limits of movement are attained7 and when so operated to bring the motor and searchlight to rest at theilimit ot' the movement attained, substantially as described.
  • a search-light mountedto move in altitude and provided with a motor and intermediate mechanism and also with circuitchangers adapted to short-circuit the motor automatically when the limits of movement are reached, substantially as described.
  • a circuit-changer comprising a lever, pin-contact carried by said lever, and a snapswitch lever between said pins, in combination with the search-light, electric motor, operatin g mechanism, and electrical connections, said snap-switch lever being adapted to be shifted at the limit ofthe search-lights movement by the action of said search-light on then first-mentioned lever, and to be automatically restored in the reverse movement of said search-light without altering the direction of the cui rent in the motor, substantially as described.
  • a search-light mounted to move in altitude and azimuth and provided with a motor and intermediate mechanism to give motion in altitude and a motor and intermediate mechanism to impart motion in azimuth, and also with circuit-changers adapted to be operated automatically when the limits of the movement in altitude is reached and to be restored automatically in the reverse movement, in combination with a controlling-switch for each motor, and electrical connections whereby each switch may short-circuit its corresponding motor or may reverse the rotation thereof, the electrical connections for the altitude-motor comprising a conductor to the said automatic circuit-changers, through which said circuit-.changers may establish a short circuit on the motor by way of the controlling-switch, substantially as described.

Description

fu h s k n e h S 4 R.. E ml. mi WU An S G.
(No Model.)
ELECTRIC SEARCH LIGHT.
140.454,604. Patented June 23,1891.
YM am: mens co.. moro-uwe., msummu 4 Sheets- Sheet 2.
(No Model.)
G. SAUTTER.
ELECTRIC SEARCH LICHT.
CIC-454,604.
Patented June 23,1891.
we News parus, no.. mnfmuu., msnmcm, u. c.
(No Model.)
4 sheets-sheet 3. G. SAUTTBR. ELEGTRIG SEARCH LIGHT.
No` 454,604. Patented June 23,1891.
(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4'.
G. SAUTTER. ELECTRIC SEARCH LIGHT.
No. 454,604. Patented June-23, 1891.
'me Home wenn: co., vurmrmno., wumcrou, n, cA
3o search-light or projector UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GASTON SAUTTER, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO SAUT'IER, IIARII 8: CO., OF SAME PLACE.
ELECTRIC SEARCH-LIGHT.
SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersV Patent No. 454,604, dated .T une 23, 1891. Application led February 27, 1891- Se-rial No. 388,128. (No model.) Patented in France August 16, l1890, No. 207,659.
To all whom, t may concern.'
Be it known that I, GASTON SAUTTER, a citizen of France, residing at 2C Avenue Suffren, Paris, France, have invented certain new and 5 useful Improvements in Machinery for Directing Search-Lights, (for which Letters Patent have been secured in France on the 16th of August, 1890, No. 207,G59;) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exio act description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
This invention relates more particularly to machinery for directing search-lights from a 15 distance by means of electricity; but each of the improvements constituting the said invention is included for all the uses to which it may be adapted.
On war ships and in fortresses it is impor- 2o tant that the commanding officer may be able himself to direct the luminous beam while he observes the distant illuminated objects. To accomplish this it is desirable to start and stop the search-light or projector instanta- 2 5 neously; to produce a slow movement thereof through as small an angle as desired; to produce a rapid movement thereof at will; to direct the movement thereof inthe direction both of azimuth and altitude; to stop the utomatically at the limit of its vertical movement; to give a retrograde movement to the search-light or projector by a single movement of the switch after it has stopped itself automatically. By the aid of the present invention these results may be attained and an efficient apparatus produced capable of direction by a commanding or observing officer at a distance. In accordance with said invention 4.o the search light or projector mounted in altazimuth is connected mechanically with two electric motors, one for giving the movement in altitude and the other in azimuth, and with each motor is combined a controllingswitch whereby said motor can be rotated in either direction and stopped and started at will. A special improvement in the stopping consists in arranging the controlling-switch so as to short-circuit the mo- 5o tor, which thereupon arrests itself .instantaneously by the reaction of the current which it generates in the short circuit. In order to convey the movements to the search-light from the motors, the said light is mounted by means of trunnions on a turn-table which is revolved by one motor to give the movement in azimuth,and the movement in altitude is imparted through a swivel-joint in the axis of the turn-table through devices to which a transverse movement is imparted by the other 6o motor. In order to stop the movement in altitude automatically, circuit-changers are arranged in the path of a correspondinglymovable device, so as to be struck thereby and operated to change the circuit. lVhile not restricting the invention absolutely thereto it is considered advantageous to employ such switches for the circuit-changers, so that the alteration is instantaneous, and also to arrange the circuits and circuit-changers 7o in such a way that the motor is short-eircuited by automatic operation of said circuitchangers, and these features are speciallyineluded in the invention.
A special new form of snap-switch has also been designed for use in the present invention. It will be hereinafter explained.
In connection with the automatically-operated circuit-changers an arrangement of circuits and contacts is provided whereby the So search-light may at once be moved both up or down, as the case may be. The circuit-chang ers reset themselves automatically.
The invention also comprises particular constructions, combinations, and arrangements of parts in the controllingswitch and also in the search-light, as hereinafter set forth.
In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, Figures l and 2 are 9c. sectional elevations in planes at right angles to each other of a search-light. Figs. 3 and i are a partial sectional and partial face view of the controlling-switch for one motor. Figs.
5 and b' are a face view and a cross-section, 95 respectively, of the controller, which comprises switches for both motors. Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are detail views in section of one of the switches. Figs. l0, ll,and l2 are detailviews of the automatic circuit-changers; and Figs. roo 13, lil, and l5 are diagrams of the circuits under different conditions of working or arrest.
The search-light in the form of an electric lamp is contained in the drum A10, which has a depending compartment A3, with binding-- posts A11 -or the feeding-wires. Itis mounted on trunnions A12 on the posts A9, which project upward from the turn-table A1. This tableruns on rollers A,5 and has a hollow central arbor, on the lower end of which is the spur-wheel B18 for giving the said turntable and the search-light thereon the requisite motion in azimuth.
The search-light and its turn-table are supported on the hollow base A, in which are the motors and connecting mechanisln for imparting movement thereto, and also the automatic circuit-changers. The drumAis oscillated on its trunnions through the lever A', fulcrumed on the turn-table A1and connected by the link A2 with the said drinn, and connected also by a swivel-j oint with the transversely-movable rod B13 in the hollow arbor of the turn-table. This swivel-joint, being in the axis of the turntable, does -not interfere with the rotation thereof. The rod B13 is bored and threaded at its lower end to form a nut, which engages the screw B12 on the elongated hub of the worm-wheel B11. This last turns loosely on a vertical stud, as shown in Fig. 2. By turning the worm-wheel B11 and screw B12 in one direction or the other the rod B13 is raised or lowered, thereby rocking the lever A and oscillating the drum A10 on its trunnions A12. The wires for feeding electricity to form the arc of the search-light extend from the binding-posts A22 to the posts A7 on the turn-table, one of which rubs over the contact-ring AG and the other over the contact-rin g A1', which form the terminals of the feeding-circuit. The rotation of the turn-table A1 therefore does not aifeet the supply of electricity to the lamp in drum A10. At A11 is a hand-switch for making and breaking the feeding-circuit of said lamp. The motors to traverse the searchlight and to elevate and depress its beam` comprise the armatures B2 and B3, whose fieldmagnets are in one piece and magnetized by the coil B common to both. The shaft B"1 of the armature B2 carries a pinion B6, which engages the spur-wheel B2, whose shaft carries a screw B14, Fig. 2, engaging the wormwheel B15, that turns loosely on the pin B111, and carries with itself the pinion B17, engaging Ithe spur-wheel B12, already mentioned. As the armature B2 revolves, therefore, its motion is suitably reduced and transmitted to the spur-wheel B18 and turn-table A4, so as to direct the search-light to any point of the horizon. This pinion B17 and the worm-wheel B15 would be formed integral or be rigidly connected; but for the purpose of enabling the disengaging ofthe driving-machines, and thus enabling the search-light to be turned by hand, the pinion B17 is driven through a clutch dk. By turning the rod A11 and lifting the pinion by means of the eccentric pin on the inner end of said rod (which pin enters a circular groove in the hub of pinion B17) the pinion B1T may be disengaged from the Worm-Wheel B15. The shaft B5 of armature B3 carries a pinion B1, Fig. 1, which en`- gages tne spur-wheel B2, whose shaft carries a screw B10, engaging' the worm-wheel B11, that turns loosely on its central pin and revolves the screw B12, above mentioned, so as to raise and lower the rod B13 and oseillate the drum A10.
At A and A are two automatic circuitchangers, which are operated, respectively,by the arm b on the lower end of the rod B13 when the latter reaches the top or bottom of its course. As shown, (see Figs. l0, ll, and 12,) the circuit-changers A and A are each mounted on, but insulated from, a bracketframe of, say, bronze, composed of the arm P upright P, and foot P2, and secured by the last to the tray-like base-plate Bi, Figs. l and 2, under the gearing above mentioned. The arm b acts upon one or the other of the levers b b2, which are held in their normal positions (shown in Figs. 2 and 11) by means of a spring r', in the form of a spiral tension-spring, anda stop r. Each lever carries two contacts p p and p2 p3, respectively, in the form of pins of, say, silver fixed in holders of,say, bronze, insulated from each other, and the levers h h2 are provided with binding-posts p5 195 p1 296. The holders P3 F1 are provided with bolts, which pass through the holders for the pins p and p3, and are surrounded with insulating material. At p1 is a permanent electrical connection between the contacts p and p2. The pins p p and '192 p3 of each pair project on opposite sides of a switch-lever P5 P11, respectively, which is combined with a spring r2 r3 for holding the switch-lever against one of the pin-contacts until said pin has moved it past the middle position, and for thereupon snappingthe said lever into contact with the other pin of the pair; The switch-levers?5 PG are each stirrup-shaped, (see Fig. 12,) and are mounted between centers p2 for the lower and p10 for the upper switch-lever, and the IIO springs r2 r2, in the form of spiral tensionc.
springs, are placed in the bow of the stirrup, with one end fastened to the outer end of said stirrup and the other in a projection on the plate of the circuit-changer A or A. At p1 and p8 are electrical wires, which lead to the brushes of armature B1, and at 291 1.11 are wires leading to binding-posts and 5(see Fig. 13,) to which wires for the distant controlling-switch for starting, stopping, and regulating the speed of motor B3 are led. The two middle pins p p2 are electrically connected with the binding-post l. The fieldcoil B is included in the loop between the posts l and A and the armature B2 in the loop between the posts 2 and 3.
There is a controlling-switch for each motor. They may be alike. As shown inv Figs.
of, say, slate, in such a way as to insulate the contacts from each other. The conductingblock C3 (of, say, copper) rubs over and establishes an electrical connection with the contact E. It is carried by the conducting leaf-spring F whose ends are fastened to but insulated from the rotating box C, of, say, bronze, which is turned by the handle D. The arbors C* may be cast integral with the box C, and the upper of said arbors turns in a stationary bridge D. The conducting-block C4 rubs over and establishes an electrical connection with the contact E1l or the contact E, according to the position in which it is placed, and said block is of such size that when it is in the middle position it establishes the electrical connection with both contacts ll4 and E, thus establishing; a short circuit between them. The block C4 is carried by a conducting leaf-spring F3, whose ends, like those of spring F are attached to but insulated from the box C. The blocks C3 and C4- are electrically connected with each other by means of the metallic pieces C and C, so that the contact E is always in electrical connection with one or the other of the contacts EHIL or E, or with both. The conducting-block C rubs over the contacts E3 E2 E El2 E3. It is carried by the conducting leaf-spring F2, whose ends are attached to but insulated from the box C. The conducting-blocks C and C4 are electrically connected with each other by the metallic pieces C2 02, so that when said blocks are in the central position they put the contact E into electrical connection with both the contacts E4 and EM. lVhen they are moved to the left, they successively put the contacts E', E2, and E3 in electrical connection with the contact El, and when they are moved to the right they successively put the contacts E', FX2, and E3 into contact with the contact E. The said apparatus therefore constitutes a reversing-switch, for if the current from the plus pole of an electrical generator be led to contacts E3 E2 E E2 E3 and the contact F be connected with the minus pole of said generator while the contacts E4131L are connected with the respective poles of a motor, then it is evident that as the handle D, box C, and the two pairs of blocks or rub bersmviz., C3 CSl and CI3 Ci-are turned to the left, the current from the generator would pass to the motor by way of one of the contacts E E2 E3,block. C, spring F2, piece C2 C, spring Ft, block C, and contact E4, and from the motor to the generator by way of the con tact E, blocks C4, spring F3, pieces C C, spring F, block C3, and contact E. On the other hand, as the handle D and parts connected therewith are turned to the right the current for the generator would pass to the motor by way of one of the contacts E E2 E, block (33, spring F2, pieces C2 C, spring F4, block C, and contact E, and from the motor to the generator by way of the contact E4, block G4, (he.
The object of using a number of contacts E E3 is to enable the apparatus to serve as an adjustable rheostat or currentregulator. For this purpose resistances E7 (see Figs. 13, la, and l5) are placed between the contacts E, and these are on one side thereof, the contacts on the opposite sides thereof being crossconnected-namely, E2 with E2 and E3 with E3; but the resistancecoils could be placed on both sides, as those skilled in electrical apparatus will readily understand.'
The apparatus or controlling-switch, in addition to serving -as a reversing-switch and current-regulator, is also a short-circuitor for the motor, as already explained.
In order to return the apparatus or controlling-switch to the middle position when ever it is released, a spring g, Figs. 3 and S, (shown as a volute spring,) is interposed between two sleeves (Z3 and (Z2 inside the box C, the sleeve (Z2 loosely surrounding the arbor C* and having the inner end of the spring g attached thereto at f, and the sleeve (Z3 being fastened inside the casing (Z, which itself fits loosely inside of the box C. YVith these parts are combined, first, a sector (Z, Figs. 3 and 7, fastened by screws o to the box C; second, a sector (Z5, Figs. 3 and 9, fastened by screws 'r3 to a stationary bottom c; third, a sector (Z, fast on the sleeve (Z3 at the top by being cast in one piece with the casing d; fourth, a sector (Z4, fastened by screws e2 to the sleeve (Z3 and casin g (Z at the bottom; fifth, a sector (Z2, fast on the sleeve (Z2 by being cast in one piece with said sleeve, and, sixth, a sector (ZG, fastened to the sleeve (Z2 at. the bottom by means of the screws o4. The spring g tends constantly to revolve the sleeves (Z2 and (Z3 in op posite directions. This movement of each sleeve is of course arrested so soon as the bottom sectors (Z4 and (Z (see Fig. 9) strike against the stationary sector In this movement each top sector presses against the sector (Z, which is brought to the middle position, as indicated in Fig. '7, and brings with it the handle D, box C, and springs F F2 F3 F4, and blocks C3 03 C* CM. Zhen therefore the handle D is released, the spring g returns the controlling-switch to the middle position. The sectors permit, however, a movement to the right or left by application of a sucient force to overcome the resistance of the spring g. Then the handle D is turned to the left, the sector (Z presses against the sector (Z2 and carries around the sleeve (Z2 against the resistance of the spring, the sector (Z5 acting as a iixed stop to prevent the sleeve (Z3 and casing (Z from following, while the sector (ZG is free to move away from the said stop (Z5. On the other hand, when the handle D is turned to the right the fixed stop (Z5 arrests the movement of the sleeve (Z2, while the sector (Z carries the sleeve (Z3 and casing (Z along with. the handle D and box C. All the sectors may be described as stops or mechanical contact-pieces.
At G is a simple hand-switch for making or ICO IIO
breaking the circuit from the generator Q, Figs. 13, 14, and 15, which is placed in a loop between the binding-posts L L', the switch Gr being placed in the Wire which leads from the post L. After passing the Switch G the circuit branches right and left to the two controlling-switches, being directly in electrical connection with the contacts E2 E2 of each switch and with the contacts E2, E2, and E through one or two of the resistances E?. These resistances can be adjuste'd as maybe desired. By cutting out said resistances or connections in one or more of them the intensity of the current, and consequently the speed of the motor, can be varied. The lefthand switch controls the motor-armature B2. .Its contacts E 2 E2 E E2 E3 are in electrical communication with the plus pole of the generator Q, as just described. Its contact E is in electrical communication with the minus pole of said generator Q by way of the post L. The contact E4 is in electrical communication with one brush of the armature B2 by way of the binding-post L2 and 2 and the contact E4 by way of the posts L2 or 3 with the other brush of said armature. The circuit through the field-coil from the generator Q is by way of the post L, switch G, post L4, post 4, coil B, post 1, post L, and postL. The righthand switch controls the motor-armature B2. Its contacts E3 E2 E E2 E3 are in electrical communication with the plus pole of Ithe generator Q, as above described. Its contact E is in electrical connection with the minus pole of the generator Q by way of the post L. The
' contact E4 of the right-hand switch is in electrical communication with one brush of the armature B2 by way of the posts L6 and 6, contact p, lever P5, wire p4, the contact E4 with the other brush by way of the posts L5 and 5, contact p2, lever P, and wire p2.
The operation s as follows: Turning depending handle D oi' the left-hand switch to eXtreme right brings the blocks C2 C4 and 02 C4 to the positions shown in Fig. 13. The resistances E7 are thus cut out and the current passes by way of the contact E2, blocks C3 C4, contact E4, post L2, posts 2, armature B2, post 3, post L2, contact E4, blocks C2 C4, and contact E. The most intense current is sent into 4the armature B2, which revolves therefore at the most rapid rate. The rotation of the armature B2 revolves the screw B44, pinion B47,spur-wheel B42, and turn-table A4, so as to sweep the search-light rapidly around the horizon, the direction of the movement being determined by that of the armature B2, which of course depends upon the winding, as well understood. It will be convenient, however, to make the winding such that the movement of the turn-table A4 will correspond as nearas may be with that of the handle D. To reverse the movement of the turn-table A4, the depending handle D is swung to the left, thus putting the blocks C2 C4 and 03 C 4 ot theleft-ha nd switch in the position shown in Fig. 14. The current passes by way of the contact E2 and cross-conneet-ion to contactES, and thence by blocks 02 C4 to contact E 4, post L2, post 3, motorarmature B2, post 2, post L2, contact E4, block C2 C4, and contact E. As the current flows through the armature B2 in the opposite direction to what it did before and the field polarity remains the same, the armature B2 rotates in the opposite direction and turns the turntable A4 and search-light A10 also in the opposite direction. As the resistances A7 are out out, the armature B2 and the turn-table A4 are revolved at the highest speed. It a lower speed is desired, the depending handle D may be turned so as to bring the blocks C2 C4 opposite the contacts E2 or E2, when one of the resistance-coils will be included. It' a still lower speed is desired, the blocks C2 04 may be brought opposite the end of the contact, thus bringing both resistances E7 in circuit; but if preferred the resistance between the contacts E and E2 may be so large 1 that the current will be inconsiderable when said resistance is included in circuit. By placing the handle D in the middle position (or by releasing the handle and allowingit to be carried into the middle position by the spring g) the blocks C2 C4 and 02 and C 4 then occupy the position shown in Fig. 15, and the circuit of generator Q is closed through the resistances E7, contact E, blocks 02 C 4, contacts E4 E4, blocks C2 C4, contact E,'while the armature B2 is short-circuited through the post 2, post L2, contact E4, blocks C4 and C 4, contact E4, post L2, and post 3. Vhichever way the armature B2 may be revolving at this time, it sets up a strong current in the short circuit, whose reaction suddenly arrests the rotation of the said armature and the movement ot the search-light, thus enabling the said light to be iixed on the spot desired without danger of being carried past it by the momentum of the machinery. The turn-table A4 may be revolved in either direction around the whole horizon. The right-hand switch controls the movement of the search-light in altitude. It is independent of thatj ust described, and as shown in Fig. 6 the handle D projects horizontally. By moving this handle to the highest position t-he blocks C2 C4 and C2 and IIO ITS
04 occupy the positions indicated in Fig. 13.
The current from generator Q passes by way of the post L, switch G, contact E2, and crossconnection to the contact E2, (thus cutting out the resistances E2) and from the contact E2 it passes by the blocks 02 C4, contact E4, post LG, post G, wire p4, pin-contactp, lever P5, wire p7 to one brush ot' the armature B3. It returns to the generator by way of the wire p2, lever P6, pinecontact p3, wire 1)4, post 5, post L5, contact E4, blocks C2 C4, contact E, and post L. The passage of the current through the armature B3 revolves it, (say in the direction of the arrow,) which turns the screw B40, worm B44, and screw B42 in the direction to raise the nut-rod B42 and tilt the search-light upward. As the most intense current is on, this movement will proceed with the greatest rapidity. The arm l) rises with the nut-rod B15, and when the latter approaches the top ot its movement it strikes the inner end of the lever h', and as said movement continues it turns the lever Zi against the force of its spring r and lowers the pins p p and lever P5 until the last-mentioned, having been carried past the horizontal, is in a position to be pulled down suddenly by the spring r2 against the pin p, as indicated in Fig. 13 by the dotted line. The supply-circuit of the armature B5 is now interrupted, and said armature is short-circuited by way of pin-contact p', wire pi", post 1, post L, contact E of the righthand switch, blocks C5 CJ, contactEi, post L5, post 5, wire 29', pin-contact p5, and lever P. The rotation of the armature develops, therefore, a strong current, whose reaction quickly arrests the rotation, and the search-light comes to rest with the beam in its most elevated condition. By bringing down the handle D of the ri gh t-hand switch to the lowermostposition the blocks C5 CJl and 05 G* occupy the position shown at the right of Fig. 11. It' the lever P5 be on the contact p, as shown in Fig. 14, the current from contact E5 passes by way of the blocks C5 C, contact E, post L5, post 5, wire 1)5, pin-contact p5, lever P5, wire p8, armature B5, wire p5, lever P5, pin-contact p, wire p", post C, post L5, contact E4, blocks C5 G4, and contact E. The rotation of the armature is therefore in the opposite direction from that indicated in Fig. 13; or, in other words, it moves the beam from the search-light downward. As the lower limit of the downward movement is approached, the arm B strikes the lever B2, and as the downward movement continues it raises the pins p5 p5 and the lever Pi until the spring fr snaps the lever P5 against the pin p2, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 14. The armature B5 is now short-circuited by way of the pin p2, wire p5, the post 1, post L, contact E, blocks C5 C", contact E, post L, post G, wire p, pin j), and lever P5, and the searchlight is automatically stopped with the beam in its lowermost position. If when the handle D of the ,right -hand switch is dra-wn down the nut-rod B1S is at the top of its movement and the lever P5 is resting against the pin p', it is evident that the wire p will be out of circuit. In that case the current flows to the armature B5, as before described wit-h reference to Fig. 14, but returns to the generator by way ot the wire p5, lever P5, pin p', wire pit, post 1, post L, and post L. As the rod B15 is carried down, the arm l) retires from the lever Z1', which is turned by the spring r until the lever P5 is free to be snapped against the pin j?, when the circuit is completed by way of the pin p, post 6, post L, contact E5, block C5 C", and contact E, and the current continues to iiow in the-direction to draw down the beam of the search -light In like manner if the right-hand switch be reversed when the rod B15 is at the bottom of its course and the lever PG is against the pin p5, as indicated by the dot-ted lines in Fig. 11, then the current will flow, as in Fig. 13, to the lever P5, but will complete the circuit by way of the wire p5, post 1, post L, and post L' until the arm h has allowed the lever b5 to be raised by its spring r sutliciently for the spring T5 to snap the lever P5 against the pin p5, whereupon the whole circuit becomes as in Fig. 13. lf a slower up-and-down motion is desired than would be given by the full current, the right-hand switch can be turned to bring the blocks C5 C"l opposite the contacts E2 or IW or opposite the end of contact E. To stop the search-light at any point in its up -and-down motion, the right -hand switch is placed in or allowed to assume the middle position. rlhe armature B3 is then short-circuited, and the reaction of the cur rent set up in the short circuit quickly stops the said armature and the mechanism operated thereby. Should either of the levers P5 be on the contact p', then the short circuit would be as shown in Fig. l-namely, by way ot the wire p5, lever P5, pin p5, wires 29', post 5, post L5, contact E, blocks C5 C4, contact E, post L, post 1, wire p5, pin 1J', lever P5, and wire p. It now the the lever P5 be placed against the pin p, the short circuit will be completed from the contact EI4 by way of the blocks C5 C4 and 05 C, contact E4, post L, post (i, wire p, and pin p. If the lever P5 be placed against the pin p2, the short circuit is formed by way of the wire p*, post 1, post L, blocks C5 C4, contact E5, post L5, post 6, wire p", pin-contact p, lever P5. To cut oit the current entirely, the switch G is turned.
lVhile certain particular constructions ot operating and controlling appliances for the search-light are described, it must be understood that the invention extends beyond such precise constructiomso as not only to include such construction, but also switches, contacts, and other appliances in general, of which those shown may be taken as examples and illustrations.
I claim as my invention or discovery- 1. The search-iight mounted to move in altitude and azimuth and provided with two motors in the base thereof, and intermediate mechanism whereby said light is moved in each of said directions by one of said motors, in combination with a controllingeswitch for cach motor, having an operating-handle, and comprising movable and opposing contacts relatively arranged and connected with said handle, as explained, so that the motor stops when the said handle is in the middle position and turns in one direction or the other as said handle is shifted to one side or the other of said middle position, substantially as described.
2. The combination, with the search-light mounted to move in altitude and azimuth and provided with motors and intermediate mechanism, of a controlling-switch for each motor, whereby the latter may be controlled IOO from a distance in its direction and speed ot' rotation or may be bronghtto rest, said switch having an operating-handle and a series of resistances, and comprising movable and opposing contacts relatively arranged andV connected with said handle and resistances, as explained, so that the motor stops when the said handle is in the middle position and turns in one direction or the other as said handle isV shifted to one side or the other of said middle position with a speed regulated by the distance to which said hand le is shifted, substantially as described.
3. A controllingswitch comprising the switch-blocks or movable contacts, the opposing contacts, the rheostats, the double-acting spring, the stops, and the resistances, whereby said switch may send out a current-ot` ivariable intensity in either direction and when released is automaticallyreturned to the middle position, substantially as described.
4:. A circuit-reversing switch having the contacts arranged to form a short circuit when the said switchis in the middle position, substantial'ly as described.
5. A`Y circuit -reversing switch having the contacts arranged to form a short circuit when said switch is in the middle position, and provided on either side of said position with a series of contacts and resistances for varying the intensity of the current, substantially as described.
6. A circuit-controlling switch comprising an upper and lower set ot contacts, a box provided with a handle, conducting` blocks and springs in said box, sleeves and springs in said bornand the sectors or stops, substantially as described. i
'7. A search-light mounted to move in altitude and provided with an electric motor and intermediate mechanism, and also with circuit-changers in the circuit of said motor adapted to be operated automatically when the limits of movement are attained7 and when so operated to bring the motor and searchlight to rest at theilimit ot' the movement attained, substantially as described.
S. The combination, with a search-light Ymounted to move inV altitude and provided with a motor and intermediate mechanism, and also with circuit-changers adapted to be operated automatically when the limits of movement are attained, of a controllingswitch provided with contacts, and electrical connections comprising a conductor intermediate the said circuit-changers and control- 1in g-switch, normallyout oi' contact but adapted to be included by the automatic operation of said circuit-changers, so that when said circuit-changers have been operated the circuit may be reversed in said motor, substantially as described.
9. A search-light mountedto move in altitude and provided with a motor and intermediate mechanism and also with circuitchangers adapted to short-circuit the motor automatically when the limits of movement are reached, substantially as described. Y
10. 'An automatic circuit-changer, a motor, and a search-light moved thereby and adapted to operate the circuit-changer, in combination with a controlling-switch and electrical connections whereby said circuitchanger, when operated, establishes a short circuit on the motor through the said controlling-switch, substantially as described..
ll. A circuit-changer comprising a lever, pin-contact carried by said lever, and a snapswitch lever between said pins, in combination with the search-light, electric motor, operatin g mechanism, and electrical connections, said snap-switch lever being adapted to be shifted at the limit ofthe search-lights movement by the action of said search-light on then first-mentioned lever, and to be automatically restored in the reverse movement of said search-light without altering the direction of the cui rent in the motor, substantially as described. i
l2. A search-light mounted to move in altitude and azimuth and provided with a motor and intermediate mechanism to give motion in altitude and a motor and intermediate mechanism to impart motion in azimuth, and also with circuit-changers adapted to be operated automatically when the limits of the movement in altitude is reached and to be restored automatically in the reverse movement, in combination with a controlling-switch for each motor, and electrical connections whereby each switch may short-circuit its corresponding motor or may reverse the rotation thereof, the electrical connections for the altitude-motor comprising a conductor to the said automatic circuit-changers, through which said circuit-.changers may establish a short circuit on the motor by way of the controlling-switch, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
' GASTON SAUTTER.
Witnesses,
G. DE MESTRAL, Roer. M. Hoornn.
IOO
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