US451918A - Separator - Google Patents

Separator Download PDF

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Publication number
US451918A
US451918A US451918DA US451918A US 451918 A US451918 A US 451918A US 451918D A US451918D A US 451918DA US 451918 A US451918 A US 451918A
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United States
Prior art keywords
traps
conduit
hopper
separator
tube
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/40—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
    • B01D46/403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of helically or spirally wound bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
    • B01D49/003—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/10—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects
    • B07B13/11—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices using momentum effects involving travel of particles over surfaces which separate by centrifugal force or by relative friction between particles and such surfaces, e.g. helical sorters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/14—Details or accessories
    • B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to separators, the object of the invention being to dispense with all mechanical action and provide an apparatus through which the material to be operated upon will pass by gravity, and in so passing will be divided or separated.
  • the invention consists, essentially, of a tube or cond uit formed from wire bent to spiral form, all as will be hereinafter more fully explained, and spe-. cifically pointed out in the claims.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved separator, the step -like cover employed in connection with the cinder-receptacle being represented as it appears when open.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the hopper and the upper portion of the cabinet.
  • Fig. 3 is a rear View of the apparatus, the cabinet-door. being open; and
  • Fig. 4 is a central sectional elevation of the apparatus, the tube or con duit being merely outlined in this View.
  • a hopper 14 In the upper portion of the cabinet I mount a hopper 14, the lower opening of which is at times closed by traps 15 and 15, that are hinged to the side walls of the hopper, while the upper opening of the hopper is closed by other traps 16 and 16, such traps being by preference hinged to the walls of the cabinet.
  • the traps 15 and 16 are connected by a chain 17 and the traps 15 and 16 are connected by a light rod 18, the direct connection between the rod and the traps being established by pivot pins or bolts.
  • the cabinet I mount what might be called a tube or conduit 20, that is made of wire bent to spiral form, the various convolutions lying close up the one against the other.
  • the npperend'of the tube or conduit 20 is connected to a spout 21, carried by the hopper14, and the body of the tube or conduit is carried spirally about a central post or standard 22, the lower end of the conduit extending through an aperture 2, formed in the front wall of the cabinet, the arrangement being such that all material passing downward through the tube or conduit of a size such that it will not pass out through the spaces existing between the various convolutions formed in the wire from which the conduit is made will be delivered within the' receptacle 12.
  • I In mounting the tube or conduit I prefer to impart a slight tension to the wire, as I find that by so doing the tube becomes more rigid.
  • the traps 16 and l6 are opened-that is, thrown to the position in which they are shown in Fig. 2-and as the said traps 16 and 16 are so opened the traps 15 and 15 will be carried upward to their closed positions, as represented in Fi 2. If at this time the hopper 14 be filled with intermingled ashes and cinders, the combined mass will be upheld until the traps 16 and 16 are moved to the position in which they are represented in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the closing of the traps 16 and 16 permits the opening of the traps 15 and 15, and hence the material contained within the hopper is free to pass downward through the tube or conduit 20, and in so passing the ashes and finer par,- ticles will fall outward through the spaces existing between the various convol-utions in the wire which forms the conduit, and such finer particles will drop into the receptacle 11, said receptacle being by preference in the form of a drawer.
  • the larger particles will pass through the lower opening of the tube or conduit and into the receptacle 12.
  • the cover of the cinder-receptacle 12 should be a step-like structure, and in practice I prefer to form such structure with two treads, the idea being to enable the operator to easily deposit the material to be operated upon within the hopper.
  • the combination with a conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, of a hopper and traps arranged close to the bottom of the hopper, other traps arranged to close the top of the hopper, and connections between the upper and lower traps.
  • the combination with a conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, of a hopper, traps arranged to close the bottom of the hopper, other traps arranged to close the top of the hopper, and connections between the upper and lower traps, one of such connections being a chain.
  • a separator embodying a spirally-coiled conduit formed from spirally-bent wire.
  • a separator embodying a spirally-coiled conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, the axis of the spiral formed by coiling the conduit being substantially vertical.

Description

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet I.
G. L. DALE. SE'PARATOR. No. 451,918. Patented May 12,1891.
[all 36 ATTORNEY. 1
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
GEORGIE L. DALE, OF'NEYVARK, NEIV JERSEY.
SEPARATO R.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,918, dated May 12, 1891.
Application filed October 9, 1890.
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, GEORGE L. DALE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New J ersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Separators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.
This invention relates to separators, the object of the invention being to dispense with all mechanical action and provide an apparatus through which the material to be operated upon will pass by gravity, and in so passing will be divided or separated.
To the end above named the invention consists, essentially, of a tube or cond uit formed from wire bent to spiral form, all as will be hereinafter more fully explained, and spe-. cifically pointed out in the claims.
I have herein illustrated and described a form of separator particularly adapted for use as an ashsifter; but I desire it to be dis tinctly understood that the same or slightly modified constructions could be used for the purpose of screening coal, sand, grain, &c. In fact, I desire it to be understood that the apparatus could be used in many ways that are not hereinafter specifically referred to.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, in which similar figures of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved separator, the step -like cover employed in connection with the cinder-receptacle being represented as it appears when open. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the hopper and the upper portion of the cabinet. Fig. 3 is a rear View of the apparatus, the cabinet-door. being open; and Fig. 4 is a central sectional elevation of the apparatus, the tube or con duit being merely outlined in this View.
In the drawings, 10 represents the cabinet, in the lower portion of which there is arranged an ash-receptacle 11 and a cinder-receptacle 12, such cinder=receptacle being normally closed by a step-like structure 13, that is hinged to the main body of the cabinet and arranged so that it may be thrown to the posermno. 867,498. (No model.)
sition in which it is shown in Fig. 1. In the upper portion of the cabinet I mount a hopper 14, the lower opening of which is at times closed by traps 15 and 15, that are hinged to the side walls of the hopper, while the upper opening of the hopper is closed by other traps 16 and 16, such traps being by preference hinged to the walls of the cabinet. The traps 15 and 16 are connected by a chain 17 and the traps 15 and 16 are connected by a light rod 18, the direct connection between the rod and the traps being established by pivot pins or bolts. \Vithin the cabinet I mount what might be called a tube or conduit 20, that is made of wire bent to spiral form, the various convolutions lying close up the one against the other. The npperend'of the tube or conduit 20 is connected to a spout 21, carried by the hopper14, and the body of the tube or conduit is carried spirally about a central post or standard 22, the lower end of the conduit extending through an aperture 2, formed in the front wall of the cabinet, the arrangement being such that all material passing downward through the tube or conduit of a size such that it will not pass out through the spaces existing between the various convolutions formed in the wire from which the conduit is made will be delivered within the' receptacle 12. In mounting the tube or conduit I prefer to impart a slight tension to the wire, as I find that by so doing the tube becomes more rigid.
In operation the traps 16 and l6 are opened-that is, thrown to the position in which they are shown in Fig. 2-and as the said traps 16 and 16 are so opened the traps 15 and 15 will be carried upward to their closed positions, as represented in Fi 2. If at this time the hopper 14 be filled with intermingled ashes and cinders, the combined mass will be upheld until the traps 16 and 16 are moved to the position in which they are represented in Figs. 3 and 4. The closing of the traps 16 and 16 permits the opening of the traps 15 and 15, and hence the material contained within the hopper is free to pass downward through the tube or conduit 20, and in so passing the ashes and finer par,- ticles will fall outward through the spaces existing between the various convol-utions in the wire which forms the conduit, and such finer particles will drop into the receptacle 11, said receptacle being by preference in the form of a drawer. The larger particles will pass through the lower opening of the tube or conduit and into the receptacle 12.
If from any cause the material placed within the hopper 14 should jam and not fall freely downward, it may be loosened and started on its descent by slightly raising and lowering the trap 16, which motion of the trap would draw the chain 17 upward and downward through the mass and tend to loosen it.
From the above description it will be seen that the desired separation is brought about without the use of hand or mechanical agitators, and it will be understood that little or no dust can escape from the cabinet at the time the separation is going on.
As before stated, I prefer that the cover of the cinder-receptacle 12 should be a step-like structure, and in practice I prefer to form such structure with two treads, the idea being to enable the operator to easily deposit the material to be operated upon within the hopper.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. In a separator, the combination, with a central post or standard, of a conduit coiled about said post or standard and formed from spirally-bent wire.
2. In a separator, the combination, with a conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, of a hopper and traps arranged close to the bottom of the hopper, other traps arranged to close the top of the hopper, and connections between the upper and lower traps.
3. In a separator, the combination, with a conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, of a hopper, traps arranged to close the bottom of the hopper, other traps arranged to close the top of the hopper, and connections between the upper and lower traps, one of such connections being a chain.
4. A separator embodying a spirally-coiled conduit formed from spirally-bent wire.
5. A separator embodying a spirally-coiled conduit formed from spirally-bent wire, the axis of the spiral formed by coiling the conduit being substantially vertical.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
GEORGE L. DALE. l/Vitnesses:
EDWARD KENT, J12, ARTHUR L. KENT.
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