US4483623A - Magnetic stirring apparatus - Google Patents
Magnetic stirring apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4483623A US4483623A US06/485,476 US48547683A US4483623A US 4483623 A US4483623 A US 4483623A US 48547683 A US48547683 A US 48547683A US 4483623 A US4483623 A US 4483623A
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- United States
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- shaft
- bearing surface
- closure
- stirrer
- aperture
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000191761 Sida cordifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
- B01F33/453—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers using supported or suspended stirring elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to magnetic stirring devices. More particularly, it discloses a stirrer having a novel bearing, adjustable in height. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in applications where solids must be suspended in a liquid medium with a minimum of shear force, such as in microcarrier tissue cell culture.
- the present inventors are not the first to disclose a suspended magnetic stirrer wherein the stirrer, i.e., shaft and impeller, is totally enclosed within a vessel.
- An early disclosure is U.S. Pat. No. 2,932,493 to Jacobs.
- Jacobs describes a beverage mixer having a magnetic stirrer suspended from a lid by means of a ball and socket joint.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 A second disclosure of interest is U.S. Pat. No. 3,854,704 to Balas.
- a gimbaled bearing (ball and socket joint) attached to a closure is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. As used in cell culture, this stirrer also is envisioned to operate in an arcuate manner.
- the present invention comprises an improved magnetic stirring apparatus capable of suspending solids in a liquid medium with a minimum of shear force. It is particularly useful in suspended microcarrier cell culture, where low shear forces and low revolution per minute (RPM) operation are desirable.
- RPM revolution per minute
- the instant stirrer has conventional stirrer elements such as: a vessel for containing fluids and solids having walls, a bottom, and an opening at the top; a stirrer having a shaft and a finned magnetic impeller; and a closure.
- the present invention has additional elements which, when combined with the above elements in a novel and non-obvious way, create an effective, yet inexpensive stirrer.
- the shaft has an upper and a lower portion.
- the cross-sectional area of the lower portion is smaller than that of the upper portion.
- An upper bearing surface is formed on the shaft where the lower portion extends into the upper portion.
- a lower bearing surface is formed by an elongated and apertured shaft support or sling member.
- the aperture is dimensioned and configured to receive the upper shaft portion when force-fitted or otherwise distorted.
- the stirrer is assembled by distorting the sling member, sliding the upper shaft portion through the aperture, and suspending that portion on the shoulders or margins of the aperture.
- the aperture also is dimensioned and configured in another part to receive the upper shaft portion, forming a keyhole.
- the upper portion of the shaft is inserted into the keyhole part of the aperture, the stirrer is suspended onto the sling member at a point where only the narrower lower portion is received, and when the upper bearing surface engages the lower bearing surface in the direction of the vessel bottom, a sling bearing is formed.
- the above stirrer can provide optimal conditions for the growth of cells either in suspension or attached to microcarrier beads known to the art.
- An important advantage to this configuration is the ease of assembly and the inexpensive production costs which make it ideal for a pre-sterilized, disposable cell growth system.
- Conventional suspended cell culture systems have had to deal with bulky, complicated designs which were not economically conducive to a throw-away mode of operation.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled magnetic stirrer.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the impeller, along the (2--2) plane of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an overhead view of the closure.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stirrer sling bearing and the adjustable stirrer height means.
- FIG. 5 is an end-on view of the adjustable stirrer height means along the (5--5) plane of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is an overhead view of the elongated shaft support member when not attached to the closure.
- FIG. 7 is a close-up view of the sling bearing of FIG. 1.
- the present invention begins, in FIG. 1, with a vessel (10) having walls, a bottom, and an opening at the top.
- a projection (12) rises from the center of the bottom to a height of about a half inch. The corners are radiused where the walls meet the bottom.
- side ports (14) covered with closures (16) made from materials which restrict bar cell contaminants from entering the vessel.
- a snap-fitting closure having incorporated therein, an oxygen and carbon dioxide gas-permeable, cell contaminant impermeable membrane (20) made, for example, from polyethylene.
- a preferred closure comprises a structural array of members capable of suspending a stirrer and the gas-permeable membrane (20).
- the array has a central disc (22) connected by radial arms (24) to an annulus (26).
- a sling bearing suspends a magnetic stirrer from the closure.
- the bearing comprises two opposing surfaces, an upper bearing surface (34) at the upper end of the shaft, and a lower bearing surface (36) at the point of suspension of the shaft on an appropriately apertured and elongated shaft support or sling member (38). Bearing assembly is easy and quick, the upper shaft end being snapped into the aperture of the support member.
- FIG. 6 reveals a shaft support member dimensioned and configured from a strip of low friction material, such as Teflon®, with a T-slotted aperture (40) capable of receiving the shaft therethrough, yet not allowing the shaft to slip through the aperture when suspended.
- a shaft support member dimensioned and configured from a strip of low friction material, such as Teflon®, with a T-slotted aperture (40) capable of receiving the shaft therethrough, yet not allowing the shaft to slip through the aperture when suspended.
- the upper shaft end be correspondingly dimensioned at the upper bearing surface, e.g., beveled, such that while an upper portion of the shaft can slip through the T-slot, it is wide enough to rest upon at least opposed margins or shoulders of that portion of the aperture not having the T-slot, i.e., the lower bearing surface.
- An alternative embodiment of the bearing does not call for a T-slot aperture in the shaft support.
- either the shaft support and/or the shaft is made of a pliable material.
- the upper bearing surface of a pliable shaft deforms enough to be push-fitted into a narrower aperture, but once through, regains its original shape.
- the support can be sufficiently pliable to permit a shaft to be push-fitted into a narrower aperture which also regains its original form once the upper bearing surface is through the aperture. In either case, no T-slot is required.
- the bearing attaches to an externally-controlled, vertically adjustable member or bushing (42). This permits a suspended microcarrier cell culture system wherein one can adjust the clearance of the impeller to the vessel bottom to suit a particular cell line without having to expose the vessel interior to ambient air.
- FIGS. 1 and 4 detail a preferred stirrer height adjustment means.
- the sling bearing support (38) has serrated edges (44) on the lateral edges of both ends.
- a cylindrical, circumferentially threaded adjustment member (42) is correspondingly slotted on its bottom face (46) (FIG. 5) whereby the serrated edges may be inserted into spaced slots. Proper slot spacing ensures a symmetrical, arcuately-shaped sling support upon which the inserted shaft easily rotates.
- the adjustment member (42) is received by a correspondingly threaded aperture in the central disc portion (22) of the closure.
- the stirrer impeller height can be adjusted by turning the adjustment member.
- the upper end of the member can be either grooved (48) for a screwdriver or in the shape of a knurled cap (not shown) which can be turned by hand.
- Another optional item is a lock nut (50) which threads onto the external portion of the adjustment member. When snugged against the closure, inadvertent adjustment of the stirrer is avoided.
- the impeller (32) features a single vertical blade with a magnet implanted or encased within. Lying in the same plane as the impeller and centered under the sling bearing, the stirrer operates in a central rotating manner when coupled with a conventional magnet rotating means.
- the shaft/impeller assembly can be either a snap-fitting arrangement, as shown in FIG. 2, where the impeller is pushed into a bottom-slotted shaft, or it can be a unitary construction (not shown).
- the present invention provides an inexpensive, presterilizable, and disposable magnetic stirrer capable of very low RPM operation and low shear forces. This can be critical when culturing sensitive cell lines. Suspended fibroblast cells such as MRC-5 and HFF are extremely sensitive to shear, dying when they become detached from support surfaces. The following examples demonstrate the present stirrer's performance.
- the MRC-5 cells were attached to Cytodex 3® microcarrier beads made by Pharmacia. Conventional culturing practices and media were used throughout.
- the MDCK cell line as deposited in the ATCC was cultured for 5 days with the method of Example 1, using a similar control.
- the results were as follows except the impeller speed was 28 RPM.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
An improved magnetic stirring apparatus capable of suspending solids in a liquid medium comprising: a vessel for containing fluids and solids, having walls, a bottom, and an opening; a stirrer having a magnetic impeller and a shaft, a means for rotating the magnetic impeller; and a closure; wherein the improvement is characterized by:
(a) the shaft having;
(i) an upper portion; and
(ii) a narrower lower portion; an upper bearing surface being formed where the lower portion extends outwardly to the upper portion;
(b) an elongated shaft support member which
(i) is attached to the closure; and
(ii) has an aperture dimensioned and configured to receive the lower shaft portion and allow free rotation, opposed aperture margins forming a lower bearing surface; and
(c) a sling bearing formed by the upper bearing surface engaging the lower bearing surface in the direction of the vessel bottom, thereby suspending the stirrer.
Description
The present invention relates to magnetic stirring devices. More particularly, it discloses a stirrer having a novel bearing, adjustable in height. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in applications where solids must be suspended in a liquid medium with a minimum of shear force, such as in microcarrier tissue cell culture.
The present inventors are not the first to disclose a suspended magnetic stirrer wherein the stirrer, i.e., shaft and impeller, is totally enclosed within a vessel. An early disclosure is U.S. Pat. No. 2,932,493 to Jacobs. In FIG. 3, Jacobs describes a beverage mixer having a magnetic stirrer suspended from a lid by means of a ball and socket joint.
A second disclosure of interest is U.S. Pat. No. 3,854,704 to Balas. A gimbaled bearing (ball and socket joint) attached to a closure is illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9. As used in cell culture, this stirrer also is envisioned to operate in an arcuate manner.
Finally, a recently issued patent, U.S. Pat. No. 4,289,854 to Tolbert et al., relates an allegedly novel stirrer using a flexible sail impeller. Used in the suspension culturing of mammalian cells, the impeller centrally rotates about a bearing suspended from a stopper. The bearing consists of two parts: a downwardly projecting, rigid stationary shaft which flares outwardly to provide a lower bearing surface; and a rotatable sleeve member internally journalled to form an upper, rotating bearing surface.
While all of these disclosures are relevant to any discussion of enclosed magnetic stirrers, they do not disclose or suggest the novel and non-obvious features of the present invention.
The present invention comprises an improved magnetic stirring apparatus capable of suspending solids in a liquid medium with a minimum of shear force. It is particularly useful in suspended microcarrier cell culture, where low shear forces and low revolution per minute (RPM) operation are desirable.
The instant stirrer has conventional stirrer elements such as: a vessel for containing fluids and solids having walls, a bottom, and an opening at the top; a stirrer having a shaft and a finned magnetic impeller; and a closure. However, the present invention has additional elements which, when combined with the above elements in a novel and non-obvious way, create an effective, yet inexpensive stirrer.
These additional elements invention are a variable thickness shaft and an elongated shaft support member, which are shaped and assembled in the following manner.
The shaft has an upper and a lower portion. The cross-sectional area of the lower portion is smaller than that of the upper portion. An upper bearing surface is formed on the shaft where the lower portion extends into the upper portion.
A lower bearing surface is formed by an elongated and apertured shaft support or sling member. The aperture is dimensioned and configured to receive the upper shaft portion when force-fitted or otherwise distorted. The stirrer is assembled by distorting the sling member, sliding the upper shaft portion through the aperture, and suspending that portion on the shoulders or margins of the aperture.
In an alternative embodiment, the aperture also is dimensioned and configured in another part to receive the upper shaft portion, forming a keyhole. The upper portion of the shaft is inserted into the keyhole part of the aperture, the stirrer is suspended onto the sling member at a point where only the narrower lower portion is received, and when the upper bearing surface engages the lower bearing surface in the direction of the vessel bottom, a sling bearing is formed.
The above stirrer can provide optimal conditions for the growth of cells either in suspension or attached to microcarrier beads known to the art. An important advantage to this configuration is the ease of assembly and the inexpensive production costs which make it ideal for a pre-sterilized, disposable cell growth system. Conventional suspended cell culture systems have had to deal with bulky, complicated designs which were not economically conducive to a throw-away mode of operation.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled magnetic stirrer.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the impeller, along the (2--2) plane of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an overhead view of the closure.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stirrer sling bearing and the adjustable stirrer height means.
FIG. 5 is an end-on view of the adjustable stirrer height means along the (5--5) plane of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is an overhead view of the elongated shaft support member when not attached to the closure.
FIG. 7 is a close-up view of the sling bearing of FIG. 1.
In a preferred embodiment for use in suspended microcarrier cell culture, the present invention begins, in FIG. 1, with a vessel (10) having walls, a bottom, and an opening at the top. A projection (12) rises from the center of the bottom to a height of about a half inch. The corners are radiused where the walls meet the bottom. On opposite upper wall surfaces are side ports (14) covered with closures (16) made from materials which restrict bar cell contaminants from entering the vessel.
The opening is covered by a snap-fitting closure (18), having incorporated therein, an oxygen and carbon dioxide gas-permeable, cell contaminant impermeable membrane (20) made, for example, from polyethylene. As best seen in FIG. 3, a preferred closure comprises a structural array of members capable of suspending a stirrer and the gas-permeable membrane (20). The array has a central disc (22) connected by radial arms (24) to an annulus (26). A distinct advantage to this design is that respiratory gasses generated during cell culturing can be exchanged without fear of contamination. Such an exchange is especially desirable where non-ambient gas concentrations could cause a media pH shift.
A sling bearing suspends a magnetic stirrer from the closure. As seen in FIGS. 1, 4, and 7, the bearing comprises two opposing surfaces, an upper bearing surface (34) at the upper end of the shaft, and a lower bearing surface (36) at the point of suspension of the shaft on an appropriately apertured and elongated shaft support or sling member (38). Bearing assembly is easy and quick, the upper shaft end being snapped into the aperture of the support member.
More particularly, FIG. 6 reveals a shaft support member dimensioned and configured from a strip of low friction material, such as Teflon®, with a T-slotted aperture (40) capable of receiving the shaft therethrough, yet not allowing the shaft to slip through the aperture when suspended. Of course, this requires that the upper shaft end be correspondingly dimensioned at the upper bearing surface, e.g., beveled, such that while an upper portion of the shaft can slip through the T-slot, it is wide enough to rest upon at least opposed margins or shoulders of that portion of the aperture not having the T-slot, i.e., the lower bearing surface.
An alternative embodiment of the bearing does not call for a T-slot aperture in the shaft support. Instead, either the shaft support and/or the shaft is made of a pliable material. In one case, the upper bearing surface of a pliable shaft deforms enough to be push-fitted into a narrower aperture, but once through, regains its original shape. On the other hand, the support can be sufficiently pliable to permit a shaft to be push-fitted into a narrower aperture which also regains its original form once the upper bearing surface is through the aperture. In either case, no T-slot is required.
Another advantage to the present invention can be found in the way the sling bearing is connected to the closure. In a preferred embodiment, the bearing attaches to an externally-controlled, vertically adjustable member or bushing (42). This permits a suspended microcarrier cell culture system wherein one can adjust the clearance of the impeller to the vessel bottom to suit a particular cell line without having to expose the vessel interior to ambient air.
FIGS. 1 and 4 detail a preferred stirrer height adjustment means. The sling bearing support (38) has serrated edges (44) on the lateral edges of both ends. A cylindrical, circumferentially threaded adjustment member (42) is correspondingly slotted on its bottom face (46) (FIG. 5) whereby the serrated edges may be inserted into spaced slots. Proper slot spacing ensures a symmetrical, arcuately-shaped sling support upon which the inserted shaft easily rotates. The adjustment member (42) is received by a correspondingly threaded aperture in the central disc portion (22) of the closure.
The stirrer impeller height can be adjusted by turning the adjustment member. For convenience, the upper end of the member can be either grooved (48) for a screwdriver or in the shape of a knurled cap (not shown) which can be turned by hand. Another optional item is a lock nut (50) which threads onto the external portion of the adjustment member. When snugged against the closure, inadvertent adjustment of the stirrer is avoided.
The impeller (32) features a single vertical blade with a magnet implanted or encased within. Lying in the same plane as the impeller and centered under the sling bearing, the stirrer operates in a central rotating manner when coupled with a conventional magnet rotating means. The shaft/impeller assembly can be either a snap-fitting arrangement, as shown in FIG. 2, where the impeller is pushed into a bottom-slotted shaft, or it can be a unitary construction (not shown).
As claimed, the present invention provides an inexpensive, presterilizable, and disposable magnetic stirrer capable of very low RPM operation and low shear forces. This can be critical when culturing sensitive cell lines. Suspended fibroblast cells such as MRC-5 and HFF are extremely sensitive to shear, dying when they become detached from support surfaces. The following examples demonstrate the present stirrer's performance.
The MRC-5 cell line as deposited in the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of Rockville, Md., was cultured in the present invention as shown in the Figures. An indented spinner apparatus made by Bellco, see U.S. Pat. No. 3,622,129, was used as a control for comparison purposes. In both cases the MRC-5 cells were attached to Cytodex 3® microcarrier beads made by Pharmacia. Conventional culturing practices and media were used throughout.
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Impeller Impeller Cell Run No. Clearance (inches) Size.sup.+ Yield ______________________________________ 1 1/2 R 6.74 2 1/2 L 6.34 3 1/8 R 4.38 4 1/8 L 6.02 5* 1/8 R 6.08 6* 1/8 R 6.26 ______________________________________ *designates a Bellco stirrer L means a 2.6 cm × 8.0 cm paddle R means a 3.5 cm × 8.95 cm paddle All runs were made for 7 days at 24 RPM Cell yield is in a ratio of amount recovered divided by amount seeded.
The MDCK cell line as deposited in the ATCC was cultured for 5 days with the method of Example 1, using a similar control. The results were as follows except the impeller speed was 28 RPM.
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ Impeller Impeller Cell Run No. Clearance (inches) Size Yield ______________________________________ 1 1/8 R 16.00 2 1/8 R 16.35 3 1/8 R 15.91 4 1/8 L 15.45 5 1/8 L 17.15 6 1/8 L 16.21 7 1/2 R 16.95 8 1/2 R 14.83 9 1/2 R 18.08 10 1/2 L 18.06 11 1/2 L 16.81 12 1/2 L 17.87 13* 1/8 R 16.51 14* 1/8 R 15.14 15* 1/8 R 19.35 ______________________________________ *designates a Bellco stirrer L means a 2.6 cm × 8.0 cm paddle R means a 3.5 cm × 8.95 cm paddle Cell yield is in a ratio of the amount recovered divided by the amount seeded.
Having described the invention with particular reference to preferred form, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertain, that, after understanding the invention, various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An improved magnetic stirring apparatus capable of suspending solids in a liquid medium comprising: a vessel for containing fluids and solids, having walls, a bottom, and an opening; a suspend stirrer having a magnetic impeller and a shaft, a means for rotating the magnetic impeller; and a closure; wherein the improvement is characterized by:
(a) the shaft having;
(i) an upper portion having a first diameter; and
(ii) a lower portion extending upwardly and outwardly toward said upper portion and having a second diameter less than the first diameter; an upper bearing surface being formed where said lower portion extends outwardly to said upper portion;
(b) an elongated planar shaft support member having two support ends, an aperture and two opposed aperture margins on either side of said aperture and between said support ends; said support member being attached to the closure at the support ends and projects downwardly thereform, forming a sling; and said aperture being dimensioned and configured between the support ends to receive the lower shaft portion and allow free rotation of said suspended stirrer, said opposed aperture margins forming a lower bearing surface for engaging the upper bearing surface; and
(c) a sling bearing formed by the lower bearing surface engaging the upper bearing surface in the direction of the vessel bottom, thereby suspending the stirrer.
2. The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the bearing surfaces are made of low friction materials.
3. The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the closure comprises:
(a) a bearing support structure comprising:
(i) an annulus about the opening;
(ii) a central disc, for attachment of the shaft support to the closure, positioned above the center of the vessel bottom; and
(iii) at least two radial arms connecting the annulus with the disc; and
(b) a gas-permeable membrane covering the remainder of the closure which is impermeable to cell culture contaminents.
4. The apparatus recited in claim 1 further characterized by a means for adjusting the bearing height with respect to the vessel walls.
5. The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the liquid medium is stirred at speeds of from about 10-100 revolutions per minute.
6. The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the impeller has fins vertically oriented to form an angle between the shaft axis and the fin of about 0°-180°.
7. The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the vessel walls have resealable side ports.
8. The apparatus recited in claim 4 wherein the bearing adjustment means comprises:
(a) a movable, vertical adjustment member which has external threads;
(b) a correspondingly threaded central opening in the closure into which the adjustment member is threaded; and
(c) an attachment means which connects the adjustment member to the shaft support;
whereby movement of the adjustment member is translated to a movement of the shaft support bearing surface.
Priority Applications (1)
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US06/485,476 US4483623A (en) | 1983-04-15 | 1983-04-15 | Magnetic stirring apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US06/485,476 US4483623A (en) | 1983-04-15 | 1983-04-15 | Magnetic stirring apparatus |
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US4483623A true US4483623A (en) | 1984-11-20 |
Family
ID=23928325
Family Applications (1)
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US06/485,476 Expired - Fee Related US4483623A (en) | 1983-04-15 | 1983-04-15 | Magnetic stirring apparatus |
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Cited By (29)
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US5167449A (en) * | 1991-12-12 | 1992-12-01 | Corning Incorporated | Paddle shaft assembly with adjustable-pitch paddles |
US5206479A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1993-04-27 | Cem Corporation | Microwave heating system |
US5251979A (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 1993-10-12 | Larsen Paul R | Paint can cover with mixer |
US5267791A (en) * | 1991-12-13 | 1993-12-07 | Corning Incorporated | Suspended cell culture stirring vessel closure and apparatus |
US5664883A (en) * | 1996-09-04 | 1997-09-09 | Abbottstown Industries, Inc. | Mixer with alternating sized flow passages |
US6109780A (en) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-08-29 | S. P. Industries Inc. | Dynamic vortex impeller |
US6416215B1 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 2002-07-09 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Pumping or mixing system using a levitating magnetic element |
EP1281435A2 (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-05 | Becton, Dickinson and Company | An improved system and method for stirring suspended solids in a liquid media |
US6543928B2 (en) | 2001-05-04 | 2003-04-08 | General Machine Company Of New Jersey, Inc. | Processing vessel and method for mixing powders with a magnetically coupled agitator |
US6670171B2 (en) | 2001-07-09 | 2003-12-30 | Wheaton Usa, Inc. | Disposable vessel |
US20040047232A1 (en) * | 2000-10-09 | 2004-03-11 | Terentiev Alexandre N. | System using a levitating, rotating pumping or mixing element and related methods |
US6758593B1 (en) | 2000-10-09 | 2004-07-06 | Levtech, Inc. | Pumping or mixing system using a levitating magnetic element, related system components, and related methods |
US20050002274A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2005-01-06 | Terentiev Alexandre N. | Mixing bag or vessel having a receiver for a fluid-agitating element |
US20050077286A1 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-04-14 | Barnstead/Thermolyne Corporation | Stirring hot plate |
US20050183582A1 (en) * | 2003-08-21 | 2005-08-25 | Mcfadden Curt | Controls for magnetic stirrer and/or hot plate |
US20060092761A1 (en) * | 2000-10-09 | 2006-05-04 | Terentiev Alexandre N | Mixing vessel with a fluid-agitating element supported by a roller bearing |
US20080131957A1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Ryan John A | Disposable spinner flask |
US20080239867A1 (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-02 | Gilbert Donna J | Adjustable stir |
US20100157725A1 (en) * | 2007-02-21 | 2010-06-24 | Terentiev Alexandre N | Roller Bearing for a Fluid-Agitating Element and Associated Vessel |
US20110013474A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-01-20 | Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh | Disposable mixing vessel |
US20110041704A1 (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2011-02-24 | Domo Vision Ag | Device for stirring, frothing and optionally heating liquid foods |
US20120243366A1 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2012-09-27 | Metenova Holding Ab | Device For Stirring |
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US11819813B2 (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2023-11-21 | Levitronix Gmbh | Mixing apparatus with a contactlessly magnetically drivable rotor |
US11944946B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2024-04-02 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Mixing assemblies including magnetic impellers |
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US20120243366A1 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2012-09-27 | Metenova Holding Ab | Device For Stirring |
US8783942B2 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2014-07-22 | Metenova Holding Ab | Device for stirring |
US9669368B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2017-06-06 | Metenova Holding Ab | Device for stirring |
US20130121105A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2013-05-16 | Fillon Technologies | Closing cover for a container provided with a seal |
US9770697B2 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2017-09-26 | Fillon Technologies | Closing cover for a container provided with a seal |
US9815035B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2017-11-14 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Mixing assemblies including magnetic impellers |
US10471401B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2019-11-12 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Mixing assemblies including magnetic impellers |
US11944946B2 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2024-04-02 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Mixing assemblies including magnetic impellers |
US11819813B2 (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2023-11-21 | Levitronix Gmbh | Mixing apparatus with a contactlessly magnetically drivable rotor |
US10214327B1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-02-26 | Paul D. Bearden | Hinged lid |
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