US447866A - Steam-generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. J. BUSH. STEAM GENERATDR.

N0.'447,866. Patented Mar. 10, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT 0FFicE.-

JAMES J1 BUSH, OF NEWARK, NEW JERsEv,Ass1eNoR or ONE-HALF TO THOMAS E. POWERS, or B OOKLYN, NEW YORK.

STEAM=GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 447,866, dated March 10, 1891.

Application filed January 16, 1391- Serial No. 378,050. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES J. BUSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in steam-generators, the primary object being to prevent incrustation of the shell of the boiler, to produce a constant and positive circulation of the water through the same, and to provide means whereby the waterin the boiler is heated to a high degree and steam generated much more rapidly than under ordinary circumstances, all of which is accomplished by an economical and simply-constructed devicewithout adding greatly to the cost of the boiler.

The invention described and claimed herein is an improvement on that described and claimed in an application for United States Letters Patent, Serial No. 357,734, filed by me July 5,1890, and is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, and in which similar letters of reference designatelike or equivalent parts wherever found throughout the several views, and wherein Figure 1 represents my improvement applied to an ordinary tubular boiler, and Fig. 2 represents the improvement itself detached from the boiler.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the boiler, parts of the side walls both of the boiler and furnace inclosing the same being broken away, showing the tubes arranged therein and the application of my improvement. Below the boiler, in proximity thereto and within the combustion or flame chamber of the furnace, is arranged my improved water-heater and circulator, consisting in this case of a series of pipes 13, communicating at the front with awatcr box or chamber O, and at the rear, by means of an elbow-coupling D, with a mud-drum E, and a pipe F, which is in communication with the lower portion of the boiler, as shown in Fig. 1.

Each pipe of the series B communicates by means of a passage through the coupling with the pipe G, leading to the mud-drum, and also with the pipe F, which communicates with the lower part of the boiler, and passages corresponding with those with which the pipes B communicate extend through the coupling D in a direct line, and are closed by screw-plugs H or otherwise, and by removing these plugs and the corresponding plugs at the opposite end of the pipes, in this case inserted in holes in the water-chamber C or in pipes attached thereto in line with the pipes B, the operator is enabled to see through and clean any or all of the pipes of the series, if cleaning should from any cause be necessary.

The pipe F is in communication with the boiler A at ornear the bottom thereof, and the water-box or chamber 0 is in communication with the boiler at or near the top thereof, by means of a pipe or pipes K.

I have shown in the drawings two series of pipes B, three in each, all of which communicate with the water box or chamber 0 at the front of the boiler and two of the couplings D at the rear thereof, with each of which all of the pipes in one of the series communicates, and each of which is also provided with pipes G and c F, which communicate, respectively, with the mud-drum and boiler, as hereinbefore described. I have also shown two of the pipes K, which form the communication be: tween the water box or chamber C and the upper part of the boiler A. It is evident, however, that in this case this exact arrangement need not necessarily be followed, as my invention is not limited to the exact number of any of the pipes employed, and I may substitute for the couplings D a water chamber or box similar to 0 without departing from the scope of this invention.

All the pipes in the series 13 communicate in the coupling D with the pipes F, preferably by means of graduallycurved passages, and by this construction means are provide'd'for the constant flow of water through said pipes and coupling with the least possible friction and obstruction. sages for the pipe F and those for the pipes 13 communicate in the coupling D and di rectly below the pipe F is placed the pipe G,

At the point where the paswhich communicates with the mud-drum E, and by this arrangement all sediment and other similar substances are deposited in this drum by the constant circulation of the Water, the arrangement of the passages in the coupling D being such that the sediment becomes separated from the water and drops by grav- 1ty into the pipe G and drum E as the water passes over the passages or opening with which the pipe G communicates. These features of construction, however, constitute no part of the invention claimed herein, and their illustration and description in detail is not deemed necessary.

The separate pipes of the series B may be connected with the water box or chamber 0 and coupling D in any desired manner; but I prefer to connect them by means of an expansion oint or coupling, as shown and described in Patent No. 419,634, granted to me January 21, 1890, and in operation the pipes 1 and K are provided with cocks or valves by which the communication between the boiler and the pipes B may be cut off or the flow-of water therethrough regulated.

The water box or chamber 0, which, in connection with its attachments, constitutes the novel feature of this invention, when in position fits snugly between the front end of the boiler and the furnace-wall inclosing the same and completely closes the space between the boiler-head and such wall in such manner as to prevent the heated products of com- I bustion from the flame-chamber or'fire-box from passing directly upward into the escapefiue or smoke-stack M and to compel the same to pass under the boiler its whole length and back through the tines thereof before entering such stack or flue. Heretofore ithas been the custom to close the space between the boilerhead and inclosing-wall for this purpose by an arch made of fire-brick or other refractory material, which arch, of course, necessarily absorbed a large amount of the heat generated in the flame-chamber or fire-box. In my improvement by putting this water box or chamber 0 in the place of such arch the purpose of the arch is as fully accomplished, and, 1n addition, the heat that was before utterly wasted assists materially in the generation of steam. For convenience in cleaning the same and also the series of pipes B this water box or chamber C is provided with a handhole L of the usual form and the plugs H; or, 1f preferred, short pipes communicating with such water box or chamber in which said plugs are inserted, pass entirely through the front wall of the furnace, as shown in Fig. 1, and the holes into which these plugs H fit are in line and register with the pipes B and the corresponding holes H in the coupling D, so that when the plugs in both the coupling D and chamber 0 are removed an unobstructed view can be had through such pipes and any sediment or other obstruction lodged therein easily removed, and by the extension of the plugs II of the water-chamberC or the pipes. in which the same are inserted through the front of the furnace-wall, as shown in Fig. 1, such inspection and cleaning of the pipes B may be much more easily accomplished than if they were not so extended.

Many modifications of the construction shown and described other than those herein referred to may be adopted without departing from the scope of my invention. It is possible to secure good results by employing a single pipe in place of one of the series of pipes B, the single pipe communicating with the lower part of the boiler at one end thereof and extending beneath the boiler and communicatiu g with the water box or chamber 0, this pipe being also in communication with the mud-drum E, as shown and described. \Vith the system shown and described, however, much better results are'produced. The capacity of the pipe F should in all cases equal the capacity of all the pipes B or the series of said pipes with which said pipe F communicates, and this is also true to some extent of the pipe K. By the employment of a series of pipes B, I secure a larger heatingsurface and divide the flowing water into small branches, which greatly aids in heating the same and in the production of steam, and it is evident that the employment of the water box or chamber 0 also aids materially in the heating of the water and the circulation thereof in addition to serving in place of the brick arch, as hereinbefore described, and by forming a communication between the series of pipes and the water-chamber and the opposite ends of the boiler by means of a single pipe I avoid cutting or tapping the boiler more frequently than is absolutely necessary, or no more than would be required if a series of pipes were not employed. By this construction there is a positive, direct, continuous, and unobstructed flow of water in a single direction, the water being taken from the lower part of the boiler at one end thereof, and after passing through the pipes and water box or chamber entering the boiler again at the opposite end and at or near the top thereof, the circulation being such as to prevent any deposition of dirt, sediment, or other foreign substances on the inner surface of the boiler, all such substances being deposited in the mud-drum, as hereinbefore described.

Having fully described my invention, its construction and operation, I claim, and de sire to secure by Letters Patent, the following,

VIZ:

1. The combination with a boiler, of a waa pipe which communicates with the boiler at or near the top thereof, the water box or chamber constituting an arch plate and separating the front end of the boiler-fines from the furnace, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with a boiler, of a water-heater and steam-generator consisting of a series of pipes, as B, arrangedimmediately below the boiler and in the fire-box or flamechamber, communicating through a coupling, as D, at one end with a single pipe, which also communicates with the boiler at or near the bottom thereof, and with a pipe which communicates with the mud-drum, and at the other end through a water box or chamber, as C, with a pipe which communicates with the boiler at or near the top thereof, the water box or chamber constituting an arch plate and separating the front end of the boilerfiues from the furnace, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with a boiler, of a water-heater and steam-generator consisting of a series of pipes, as B, arranged immediately below the boiler and in the fire-box or flamechamber,communicating through a coupling, as D, at one end with a single pipe, which also communicates with the boiler at or near the bottom thereof, and at the other end through a water box or chamber, as O, with a pipe which communicates with the boiler at or near the top thereof, the water box or chamber constituting an arch plate and separating the front end of the boiler-flues from the furnace, and being provided with plugs or tubes K, which extend through the front wall of the furnace in line with the pipes of the seriesv B, and also "in line with similar plugs with which the couplings D are provided, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, with a boiler, of a wa ter-heater and steam-generator consisting of separate series of pipes, as B, arranged immediately below the boiler and in the fire box or'fiame-chamber, each series being in communication at one end through couplings, as D, with separate single pipes, which also communicate with the boiler at or near the bottom thereof, and at the other end through a water box or chamber, as O, constituting an arch plate, which separates the front end of the boiler-fines from the furnace, with a pipe or pipes which communicate with the boiler at or near the top thereof, substantially as shown and described.

Signed at the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, this 15th day of January, A. D. 1891.

JAMES J. BUSH.

In presence of O. L. DAVIS, W. H. CONNELL.

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