US436494A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. E. F. EDGAR.

FURNACE.

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No. 486,494. Patented Sept. 16, 1890,

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ELLIS F. EDGAR, OF WVOODBRIDGE, NEIV JERSEY.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,494, dated September 16, 1 890.

Application filed March 27, 1890.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, ELLIS F. EDGAR, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Woodbridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same, in which- Figure, 1 represents a type of locomotiveboiler provided with a device embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line at 00, Fig. 1, looking from right to left; and Fig. 3 represents the invention embodied in a stove.

Many forms of apparatus have been devised forimproving the combustion of a given amount of fuel and thereby creating a greater heat; but few, if any, of these apparatus provide satisfactory means of utilizing the heat that is produced. Much of it passes off to heatplaces other than those where it isinitially desired. This is amply proved by the fact that heat for certain purposes is often sufficiently furnished by merely running a stovepipe from a stove in one apartment through another apartment, and also by the warmth which chimneys are frequently found to possess.

My object in devising the present invention has been to conserve this lost heat and to render it available in the apartment where the combustion takes place or at those places which the form of the apparatus employed is intended to heatsuch, for instance, as the flues of boilers. To accomplish this result in the locomotive type of boilers B, I place in the smoke-box S, in front of the flues or at least in the line of draft from them to the smokepipe, a wall W', substantially inclosing the end of the fiues, preferably making it of a size only suflicient to inclose the flue-openings, and using a cross-wall w to complete the in-- closure, though almost as good results might be obtained by extending \V entirely across the smoke-box. In this wall IV, I form an aperture a, (one or more,) the aggregate area of which shall about equal the area of the draft-exit-that is, the opening 6 leading into the smoke-pipe P. Usually this aperture consists of a narrow opening between the side of the boiler and the wall W, as shown. With $erial No. 345,482. (No model.)

such an apparatus it will be found that much more of the heat is utilized, and that amuch greater amount of steam will be produced by the combustion of a given amount of fuel than if the passage from the flues f to the exit 6 were entirely open to the full size of the smoke-box. The heat being checked by wall W is expended in the lines, as is evinced by the fact that the smoke-box and the smoke pipe, as well as what issues therefrom, is much less heated than in the ordinary form of apparatus. An increased effect is produced by placing a second wall IV beyond wall W, with an aperture a located at a different relafive point from to here at the center of W. These walls are usually made of fire-clay. In different forms of heating apparatus their form is of course varied to correspond to the general design, and their location as well.

In a stove such as that shown in Fig. 3 the object is to throw as much heat as possible into the room. Accordingly I place V at right angles to the side wall of the stove and at a distance from the fire-bed, preferably near the level of the exit c, with aperture abetween said wall W and the interior surface of the stove. The result is that instead of a stove highly heated only at the level of the fire-bed and a stove-pipe and chimney considerably heated it will be found that the stove from wall IV to the fire-bed (and sometimes below) is very highly heated, while the pipe, the chimney, and the stove above 'W are heated but very little, and the heat is utilized to raise the temperature of the apartment instead of being wasted by escaping through the draft'exit. all W is located relatively to W as in the locomotive-boiler, and a damper D is provided, by partially closing which the fire may be checked withoutthrowing gas into the room, for there being a larger chamber beyond W continually exhausting through 6, (a passage larger than the opening still left free through 'W,) the gas, if unconsumed, readilypasses into it and escapes through c and the pipe, its passage being unimpeded after passing W.

The best effect is produced by locating aperturea as described; but to some degree the apparatus is still efficient if said aperture is located at some other place than at the edge of wall W. It seems to be necessary, however, that both faces of W should be entirely within the apparatus, otherwise decreasing the space for draft too greatly checks the fire, Wbecoming chilled; but when inclosed as described itbecomes white hot and assists rather than retards combustion.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a heating apparatus, awall interposed in the line of draft between the fire-bed and the draft-exit and substantially at the end of and completing the inclosure of the space to be heated, with one or more apertures therethrough, located only substantially at or near the edge of said wall and together substantially equal in area to the area of the draftexit, as set forth.

2. In a heating apparatus, a wall interposed in the line of draft between the fire-bed and the draft-exit and substantially at the end of and completing the inclosure of the space to be heated, with one or more apertures therethrough, located only substantially at or near the edge of said wall, together substantially equal in cross-area to the cross-area of the draft-exit, and a second wall beyond the first and at a short distance therefrom, with one or more apertures therethrough, substantially equal in aggregate area to but out of line with the apertures in the first wall, substantially 0 as set forth. I

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 25th day of March, A.D. 1890.

ELLIS F. EDGAR. lVitnesses:

FRANK B. PIERDON, A. G. N. VERMILYA.

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