US434112A - Kreis - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. R. VON KINK & J. G. KREIS.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING WOOD.

Patented Au 12, 1890.

mil m1 I lu u] INVENTORS:

WITNESSES: Xm

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. R. VON KINK & 'J. G. KREIS;

MACHINE FOR CUTTING WOOD. v No. 434,112. Patented Aug. 12, 1890.

INV'ENTORS: WITNESSES: MMJAM w I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS BITTER VON KINK, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUN GARY, AND J OHANN GEORG KREIS, OF IVIESBADEN, GERMANY.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING WOOD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 434,112, dated August 12, 1890.

Application filed July 13,1889. Serial No. 317,415. (No model.) Patented in France October 18, 1887, No. 186,455,- in Norway October 18, 1887, No. 767; in Sweden October 18, 1887, No. 1,648; in Germany October 19, 1887, No. 43,670; in Belgium October 20,1887,No. 79,256; in Austria-Hungary February 28,1888, No. 38,593 and No. 2,741.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that we, JULIUS RITTER VON KINK, a subject of the Emperor of Austria- I-Iungary, residing at Vienna, Austria Hungary, and J OHANN Gnonc KREIS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Wiesbaden, Germany, and now in Heinrichsthal, Moravia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Cutting Vood,

[o (for which we have obtained Letters Patent in Austria-Hungary, No. 38,593 and No. 2,741, dated February 28, 1888; in Germany, No. 43,670, dated October 19, 1887; in France, No. 186,455, dated October 18, 1887; in Norway,

No. 767, dated October 18, 1887; in Belgium, No. 79,256, dated October 20, 1887, and in Sweden, No. 1,648, dated October 18, 1887,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for the mechanical preparation of wood forthe manufacture of cellulose and also to machines for reducing wood to a fibrous condition; and it has for its object to provide an improved machine of this character.

To this end in carrying out our invention we construct our machine so that the. reciprocation of the cutting-knife will be practically counterbalanced, and the machine will therefore run smoothly while working.

0 We also provide means for increasing the effectiveness of the cutting-stroke of the knife, for regulating the feed of the wood to be cut, and for adjusting the feed-rollers to the Wood.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a wood-cutting machine embodying our invention, Figure 1 is a front elevation of such a machine with two of the feedingrollers removed. Fig. 2 is a side elevation 1 thereof partlyin vertical section. Fig. 3 is a 0 fragmentary front view of another form of our invention. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary ob- .liqne section thereof cut on the line 4 4 in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary vertical section thereof cut on the line 5 5 in Fig. 3.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the driving-shaft, which is supported at one end by resting on the wall B, andat its other end by the bearing 0, forming part of the frame of the machine.

D represents a tight pulley, and E a loose 5o pulley, on the shaft A.

K represents the knife-carrying block, and M the cutting-knife carried thereby. S is the wood to be cut.

O is the bed of the machine. The block K slides up and down on the pillars J J of the frame of the machine, and is reciprocated by the pitman H, connected at its lower end to the pin L in the block and at its upper end to the crank-pin G, mounted 011 a disk-crank F, fixed tothe end of the shaft A. The disk-crank F is preferably mounted directly in the bearing 0 and provided with a peripheral rib, which takes into a corresponding groove in the bearing, and thereby serves to prevent the escape of the disk-crank from the bearing. This construe-- tion provides a large lubricating-surface in the bearing, which is desirable in View of the friction caused by the resistance of the Wood on the downstroke of the knife.

The knife M is bolted to the block K in any suitable manner, and as it rcciprocates with the block it cuts off a disk of wood from the end of the log, at the same time crushing the cut-off disk owing to the shape of the knife and to the fact that the knife cuts across the grain of the log. As the knife M descends,it passes in close proximity to the edge of the lower or bed knife N, against which the under side of the log is resting, which latter knife is mounted in the bed-plate O of the frame.

The knife-block K is made very heavy in order that its weight and momentum in de scending will facilitate the cutting operation by overcoming to a certain extent the resistance of the knife as it passes through the wood. To counterbalance the weight of the block K and the pitman H and crank-pin G, we provide a counter-weight D preferably on the periphery of the tight pulley D. The counter-weight D is arranged diametrically opposite the crank-pin G, and serves normally to counterbalance the moving parts, and thereby to prevent jars and strains in running the machine and to facilitate the raising of the knife-block K.

The log S is fed forward the distance desired during each upstroke of the knife M, and is held stationary during each downstroke thereof. This is accomplished by means of a feeding-mechanism which consists, preferably, of a rotatable feeding-roller Q, against which the log rests, and two idle'rrollers RR. This roller a is carried by the bed-plate O, and is provided with a ratchetwheel P on its axle. Motion is imparted to the roller Q by a pawl P, mounted on a lever p fulcrumed on the axle of the roller, and extending thence forwardly and carrying on its outer end a vertical rod P. The rod P extends upwardly in front of the block K, and is engaged by an arm K, secured to the block and moving therewith. The upper end of the rod P is screw-threaded, and one or more nuts p are screwed thereon. As the arm K is raised by the upstroke of the block K it strikes the nuts 1;) on the upper end of the rod P, and thereby raises the latter until the block K has reached the limit of its upstroke. While the rod P is being thus raised, it partially rotates the feeding-roller Q through the medium of the lever 19 and the pawl P, thereby feeding forward the log S. As the block K descends again, the rod P and the lever 19 descend until the stop P secured to the lever p,strikes the bed of the machine and prevents the farther falling of the lever. By this means the log S'is fed forward an equal distance for each cut of the knife. By adjusting the nuts 19', the extent of movement of the rod P may be increased or diminished,

and thereby the feed of the log can be regulated as desired.

The log is fed along at the proper angle and at the same time is maintained in frictional contact with the rotating feed-roller Q by means of the two additional idler feed and pressure rollers R R, one being above and the other below the log S. These may be pressed against the log so as to cause sufficient pressure upon the log to cause the same to be fed by the roller Q by any well-known means; but we prefer to accomplish this by means of a suspended weight in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3, which will be hereinafter described. The relative movements of the rollers R R toward each other enable them to grasp logs of varying diameters.

We have shown the frame of the cuttingmachine as constructed of the bed-plate O,

with two upright posts J J bolted thereto,

and the cross-head having the bearing 0 bolted to the upper ends of these posts; but any other suitable construction will answer.

In mechanically preparing wood for the manufacture of cellulose or wood pulp by our machine, the wood is taken as it comes from the forest in logs or sticks, which are first peeled to remove the bark and are thereupon placed directly in the cutting-machine. The log is placed between the pressure-feeding rollers R R, and rests on the bed-knife N, and in contact with the rotating feedingroller Q. The log may be placed at any desired inclination, so that the knife will cut off disks or chips either directly across the grain of the wood or at an angle thereto. As the knife descends through the log, the disk as it is out oif is crushed by the knife and falls in front of the machine in a fibrous condition. As the knife ascends after the cut, the feeding mechanism drives the log forward an equal distance each time, so that the length of the fibers cut OR is uniform throughout the operation. Any knots, splints, or other useless part of the fibers can be readily removed by hand from the cuttings as they fall from the knife, and thus a careful assorting of the fibers can be easily made. The Wood prepared in this manner is-well adapted for boiling or other treatment directly as it leaves the cutting-machine, since by the complete loosening of all the longitudinal fibers and by reason of the equality of their length, they are evenly exposed to the action of the chemicals used in treating the mass, and they furnish an even material, which is a most important requisite in the manufacture of cellulose or paper-pulp.

()ur invention may be variously modified in certain of its parts without departing from the essential features thereof. In Figs. 3, 4., and 5 we have shown another form of feed ing mechanism, wherein the feeding-rollers only are used. In this construction U is a bracket adapted to be bolted to the bed-plate O. This bracket carries two slides U U,which are dovetailed on the upper side of the bracket and which each carry a feeding and squeezing roller T. The rollers T T grip the log between them and are forced together against the sides of the log by a suspended weight Y, as best seen in Fig. 3. Rack-arms X X are pivoted one to each of the slides U, and extend thence to and engage with a pinion w. The pinion w is mounted at the side of the machine, and has a grooved wheel W fixed on its shaft. A rope or belt is secured to this wheel and extends thence to and over a pulley y and is connected to a weight Y. The wheel W, the belt, the pulley y, and the weight Y are all shown in dotted lines. The tendency of the weight Y is to rotate the pinion w in the direction of the arrow and consequently through the rack-bars X X to force the rollers T T together, thereby causing them to grasp the log irrespective of its diameter. The feeding mechanism is driven in the same manner as that shown in Fig. 2. P is a ratchet-wheel mounted in the bracket U. The shaft of the wheel P extends longitudinally of the bracket and carries two bevel-gears V V, which are feathered to the shaft in such manner that they can slide longitudinally thereon but must rotate therewith. The rollers T T are provided with two spindles, which extend through the slides U U, and on the lower ends of these spindles are fixed bevel-gears V V, which mesh with the bevelgears V V on the shaft of the ratchet-wheel. The spindles of the rollers T are extended slightly beyond the bevel-gears V V, and this extended portion of the spindles engages a groove in the collar of the bevel-gears V V, so that as the slides U U are moved by the weight Y the bevel-gears V V are caused to move correspondingly and are kept in mesh with the bevel-gears V V, as best seen in Fig. 4. As the ratchet-wheel P is driven as described with relation to Fig. 2, the bevel-gears V V on its shaft are correspondingly rotated, and by meshing with the bevel-gears V V motion is imparted to the latter, and the feeding-rollers T T are rotated, thereby feeding the log forward. It will be seen that the action of the rollers T T in grasping the log is independent of the feed, and that they exert a constant pressure on the log at all times. The two rollers T T are thus not onlyfeedingrollers for positively feeding the log, but they are also pressure-rollers as well. They thus combine and fulfill the functions of the positively-acting feed-roller Q in Figs. 1 and 2, and of the idler pressure-rollers R R also. It will be observed that the positive rotation of the rollers T T is accomplished by the same mechanism as that of the roller Q. Owing to the rollers T T being positively driven, special provisions (such as have been already described) are necessary to make them forcibly grasp and apply pressure to the logs. These special provisions are not necessary where the idler-rollers are employed. Pressure may be given to the idler-rollers by means of weights V, as in the case of rollers T T, or the journals of the lower roller B may be immovable, in which case the weight of the upper 'roller R would be relied upon to give the desired pressure.

In operation when the crank-pin reaches the highest point, the driving-power, in conjunction with the weight of the block K, begins to operate upon the wood to be out, and drives the knife M through the wood, so that it, in connection with the knife N, cuts and crushes the wood at the same time. Thereupon the block K ascends again. Its arm K lifts the ratchet P, which, through the feeding mechanism, advances the log for the next cut.

I claim, in a machine for feeding and cutting wood, the following defined and novel features and combinations,substantially as hereinbefore set forth, namely: 1

1. The combination, with the reciprocating cutting-knife, of the feeding mechanism for feeding the wood, and an adjustable connection between the knife and the feeding mechanism, so constructed that during the cuttingstroke of the knife the wood will be stationary and during the return-stroke the connection will be actuated and the feeding mechanism operated.

2. The combination, with the cutting-knife and the feeding mechanism for feeding the wood, of movable feeding-rollers which bear upon the wood and exert a continual pressure on the Wood during both the cutting and feeding operations.

The wood cutting and crushing machine for the production of loosened disks of wood of equal thickness, consisting of the shaft A with the disk-crank F thereon, the bearing O for the latter, the reciprocating knife-block K, the pitman H, connecting said disk-crank and knife-block, the knife M, carried by the latter, the bedknife ,N for receiving the wood to be cut, in combination with the feeding mechanism for feeding the Wood to the knife, and connecting devices between the knife and feeding mechanism for operating the latter, said feeding mechanism including pressure-rollers,which exert a continual pressure against the wood.

4. The adjustable and movable supports U U, movable to and from each other, racks X X, attached to said supports, respectively, and a pinion w, co-operating with said racks, in combination with feed-rollers T T, journaled in said supports U U, respectively, a ratchet Z, the shaft thereof, and intermediate bevel-gears VV on each roller-shaft, and said ratchet-shaft Z, respectively, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof we have hereunto signed our names .in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JULIUS n. v. KINK.

JOHANN GEORG KREIS;

W i tn esses O'rro SCHIFFER, CARL FRoMowIcz.

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