US4340396A - Process for disposal of ammonium jarosite - Google Patents
Process for disposal of ammonium jarosite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4340396A US4340396A US06/217,207 US21720780A US4340396A US 4340396 A US4340396 A US 4340396A US 21720780 A US21720780 A US 21720780A US 4340396 A US4340396 A US 4340396A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- ammonia
- sub
- ammonium jarosite
- hazardous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052935 jarosite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2,4$l^{2}-dioxathiaplumbetane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KEQXNNJHMWSZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001308 Zinc ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc ferrite Chemical compound O=[Zn].O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O WGEATSXPYVGFCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0418—Wet materials, e.g. slurries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
- Y10S106/01—Fly ash
Definitions
- This invention is concerned with the conversion of a hazardous waste comprising significant amounts of ammonium jarosite to a detoxified rock-like mass.
- the waste stream from an electrolytic zinc smelting plant is filtered, the residual filter cake comprises a significant amount, typically 80%, of ammonium jarosite having the formula:
- This sludge may be regarded as a "liquid” hazardous waste as, though thick, it is pumpable and capable of accepting more solids.
- the present invention proposes solidifying this sludge using the technique set out in Patent Specification No. 1,485,625, i.e. by admixture with a calcium-containing cement and a substance, such as fly ash, based on aluminum and silica.
- a substance such as fly ash
- a hazardous ammonium jarosite based sludge can be solidified into a satisfactorily detoxified synthetic rock under mildly basic conditions by the addition of fly ash and cement, without the need to remove the ammonia.
- mildly basic conditions we mean conditions such that the zinc and other heavy metals are precipitated out of the acidic solution but ammonia is not released.
- pH of a mildly basic system in accordance with the invention will be from 8.5-11.5, 10 being a desirable value.
- cement portion alone of the powder mixture is sufficient to neutralise the system to achieve this degree of basicity but lime may be added if required.
- the leachate is prepared by mixing 10 gm of the sludge with 100 gm of distilled water and then filtering off.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A hazardous ammonium jarosite based sludge is solidified by the addition of cement and fly ash under mildly basic conditions, pH 10+/-1.5. The ammonia does not have to be driven off prior to solidification.
Description
This invention is concerned with the conversion of a hazardous waste comprising significant amounts of ammonium jarosite to a detoxified rock-like mass. When the waste stream from an electrolytic zinc smelting plant is filtered, the residual filter cake comprises a significant amount, typically 80%, of ammonium jarosite having the formula:
(NH.sub.4).sub.2 [Fe.sub.6 (SO.sub.4).sub.4 (OH.sub.12 ]
lead sulphate, calcium sulphate, silica, zinc ferrite and other contaminants in smaller quantities.
As a preliminary to a controlled solidification process a small amount of water is added to the filter cake to produce a mobile sludge. This sludge may be regarded as a "liquid" hazardous waste as, though thick, it is pumpable and capable of accepting more solids.
The present invention proposes solidifying this sludge using the technique set out in Patent Specification No. 1,485,625, i.e. by admixture with a calcium-containing cement and a substance, such as fly ash, based on aluminum and silica. Experience to date has taught us that it is undesirable to solidify a waste with a soluble hazardous fraction. We have found that in a synthetic rock thus formed the hazardous fraction is not held effectively against leaching by ground water.
Accordingly in order to solidify the jarosite-based sludge effectively into a detoxified rock attempts were made to remove the very soluble ammonia by addition of a basic material until the system became so alkaline that ammonia was expelled. The addition of lime alone would not suffice and caustic soda had to be added. Ultimately it was possible effectively to dispose of the ammonia but a solidification process based on the addition of caustic soda is not economically feasible.
We have now surprisingly found out that a hazardous ammonium jarosite based sludge can be solidified into a satisfactorily detoxified synthetic rock under mildly basic conditions by the addition of fly ash and cement, without the need to remove the ammonia. By mildly basic conditions we mean conditions such that the zinc and other heavy metals are precipitated out of the acidic solution but ammonia is not released. Typically the pH of a mildly basic system in accordance with the invention will be from 8.5-11.5, 10 being a desirable value.
Usually the cement portion alone of the powder mixture is sufficient to neutralise the system to achieve this degree of basicity but lime may be added if required.
In a synthetic rock formed by a method in accordance with the invention the ammonia is effectively held in the synthetic rock against subsequent leaching.
The invention will now be described in the following Example:
The following is an analysis of a sludge derived by mixing 100 parts by weight of an ammonium jarosite filter cake with 6 parts by weight of water:
______________________________________
Thick light
Appearance brown sludge
______________________________________
pH 2.4
Solids content-% by weight
55.4
Specific gravity-gcm.sup.-3
1.736
Ammoniacal nitrogen (N)
9200
Permanganate value on leachate (O)
14
Chemical Oxygen Demand on
leachate (O) 86
m-Acidity-% by weight as H.sub.2 SO.sub.4
0.3
p-Acidity-% by weight as H.sub.2 SO.sub.4
1.2
Arsenic As 3000
Cadmium Cd 230
Chromium Cr 6
Copper Cu 220
Iron Fe 48,000
Lead Pb 4,600
Manganese Mn 680
Nickel Ni 10
Zinc Zn 10,000
______________________________________
All results expressed as parts per million except for pH and where otherwise stated. It will be noted that the sludge is quite strongly acidic. The leachate is prepared by mixing 10 gm of the sludge with 100 gm of distilled water and then filtering off.
9 parts by weight of the sludge are solidified into an inert rock-like substance by the addition of 2 parts by weight of fly ash powder and 1 part by weight of Portland Cement powder. The sludge after addition of the cement and fly ash, but prior to setting, is mildly basic and has a pH of the order of 10. A leachate is then prepared by grinding 10 gm of the rock to a powder and mixing the powder thus obtained with 100 gm of distilled water. The leachate is filtered off. The leachate analysis of the synthetic rock in parts per million is as follows:
______________________________________
Ammonia (NH.sub.3)
4.8
Arsenic (As) <0.10
Cadmium (Cd) <0.05
Copper (Cu) <0.10
Iron (Fe) <0.10
Manganese (Mn) <0.05
Zinc (Zn) <0.02
______________________________________
As it will be seen the only detectable leachate from the synthetic rock is ammonia and at a figure of 4.8 ppm the leaching rate is environmentally acceptable. The compressive strength of the rock after 28 days was 90 p.s.i. or 0.64 MN-m-2. This is satisfactory.
Claims (3)
1. A method of solidifying a hazardous sludge comprising significant amounts of ammonium jarosite by admixture with a calcium containing cement powder and a powder material based on aluminum and silica characterized in that the solidification is carried out under mildly basic conditions without the removal of ammonia.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hazardous sludge after addition of the powders but before solidification has a pH of 10±1.5.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hazardous sludge is derived from an electrolytic zinc smelting plant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7944286 | 1979-12-21 | ||
| GB7944286 | 1979-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US4340396A true US4340396A (en) | 1982-07-20 |
Family
ID=10510033
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/217,207 Expired - Fee Related US4340396A (en) | 1979-12-21 | 1980-12-16 | Process for disposal of ammonium jarosite |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4340396A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0031667B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS56115693A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR223574A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE7220T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU534949B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8008288A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1135729A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3067652D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK542780A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES498025A0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI68362C (en) |
| IE (1) | IE50676B1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO152443C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ195868A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA807812B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4615809A (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1986-10-07 | Velsicol Chemical Corporation | Method for stabilization of sludge |
| US5057009A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1991-10-15 | Wisconsin Electric Power Company | Lightweight aggregate from flyash and sewage sludge |
| DE4018568A1 (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1991-12-12 | Hoelter Heinz | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELUATE-RESISTANT ECONOMIC GOODS FROM RESIDUAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES, PREFERABLY USED AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR UNDERGROUND MINING |
| US5500044A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1996-03-19 | Greengrove Corporation | Process for forming aggregate; and product |
| US6416691B1 (en) | 1998-01-28 | 2002-07-09 | Mikhail Pildysh | Synthetic aggregate and process for the production thereof |
| WO2004037743A1 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-05-06 | John Gerard Cronin | A method of using wastewater sludge in the production of concrete |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD227428A5 (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1985-09-18 | Knauf Westdeutsche Gips | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING A DRY, POWDERFUL FLIGHT FLOOR DERIVATIVE AND ITS USE |
| DE3634650A1 (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-05-19 | Hoelter Gmbh | METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF POLLUTANT-laden SUBSTANCES AND USE OF THE PRODUCT PRODUCED THEREOF |
| US5069720A (en) * | 1988-06-17 | 1991-12-03 | Fuel Tech, Inc. | Method and composition for the reduction of ammonia emissions from non-acidic residue |
| US6284038B1 (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2001-09-04 | N.V. Union Miniere S.A. | Process for the conversion of iron bearing residues into a synthetic rock |
| CN113020197B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-11-11 | 吉安创成环保科技有限责任公司 | Landfill treatment mode for treating wastes with wastes |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984312A (en) * | 1973-04-23 | 1976-10-05 | Industrial Resources, Inc. | Process for insolubilizing potentially water pollutable wastes from sodium or ammonium type sulfur dioxide air pollution control systems |
| US4028130A (en) * | 1974-08-02 | 1977-06-07 | Iu Conversion Systems, Inc. | Disposal method and use of sewage sludge |
| US4113504A (en) * | 1977-10-03 | 1978-09-12 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Disposal of heavy metal containing sludge wastes |
| US4116705A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1978-09-26 | Stablex Ag | Detoxification |
| US4149968A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1979-04-17 | Kupiec Albert R | Method of converting hazardous industrial and other wastes into an inert, non-polluting and useful soil-like product |
| US4226631A (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1980-10-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Takenaka Komuten | Method of solidifying noxious wastes |
| US4274880A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1981-06-23 | Stablex A.G. | Treatment of hazardous waste |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1485625A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1977-09-14 | Chappell C | Conversion of liquid hazardous wastes to solid form |
| BE831427A (en) * | 1975-07-16 | 1976-01-16 | PROCESS FOR TREATMENT OF WASTE AND PRODUCTS OBTAINED | |
| FR2320266A1 (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1977-03-04 | Quienot Jean | SOLIDIFICATION PROCESS FOR WASTE OF VARIOUS NATURE AND ORIGIN |
| DE2652107C3 (en) * | 1975-11-20 | 1979-03-29 | Societe De Prayon, Prayon, Foret (Belgien) | Process for stabilizing and solidifying residues containing metal compounds |
| BE866554A (en) * | 1977-05-09 | 1978-08-14 | Hollux Sa | HYDROMETALLURGIC TREATMENT PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF IMPURITIES FROM A SOLUTION CONTAINING DISSOLVED METALS |
| FR2414026A1 (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1979-08-03 | Krofchak David | Soil-like material prodn. from sewage sludge - by adding acidic ferrous salt soln., alkaline earth base, silicic cpd., dry alkaline earth base, removing water and ageing |
-
1980
- 1980-12-12 ZA ZA00807812A patent/ZA807812B/en unknown
- 1980-12-15 DE DE8080304522T patent/DE3067652D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-15 AT AT80304522T patent/ATE7220T1/en active
- 1980-12-15 EP EP19800304522 patent/EP0031667B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-16 US US06/217,207 patent/US4340396A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1980-12-17 FI FI803944A patent/FI68362C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-12-17 CA CA000367033A patent/CA1135729A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-17 NZ NZ19586880A patent/NZ195868A/en unknown
- 1980-12-18 BR BR8008288A patent/BR8008288A/en unknown
- 1980-12-18 NO NO803849A patent/NO152443C/en unknown
- 1980-12-19 DK DK542780A patent/DK542780A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-12-19 IE IE2697/80A patent/IE50676B1/en unknown
- 1980-12-19 ES ES498025A patent/ES498025A0/en active Granted
- 1980-12-22 AU AU65651/80A patent/AU534949B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-12-22 JP JP18178380A patent/JPS56115693A/en active Pending
- 1980-12-22 AR AR28375780A patent/AR223574A1/en active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3984312A (en) * | 1973-04-23 | 1976-10-05 | Industrial Resources, Inc. | Process for insolubilizing potentially water pollutable wastes from sodium or ammonium type sulfur dioxide air pollution control systems |
| US4116705A (en) * | 1973-06-01 | 1978-09-26 | Stablex Ag | Detoxification |
| US4028130A (en) * | 1974-08-02 | 1977-06-07 | Iu Conversion Systems, Inc. | Disposal method and use of sewage sludge |
| US4149968A (en) * | 1976-05-05 | 1979-04-17 | Kupiec Albert R | Method of converting hazardous industrial and other wastes into an inert, non-polluting and useful soil-like product |
| US4113504A (en) * | 1977-10-03 | 1978-09-12 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Disposal of heavy metal containing sludge wastes |
| US4226631A (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1980-10-07 | Kabushiki Kaisha Takenaka Komuten | Method of solidifying noxious wastes |
| US4274880A (en) * | 1978-11-08 | 1981-06-23 | Stablex A.G. | Treatment of hazardous waste |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4615809A (en) * | 1983-06-16 | 1986-10-07 | Velsicol Chemical Corporation | Method for stabilization of sludge |
| DE4018568A1 (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1991-12-12 | Hoelter Heinz | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ELUATE-RESISTANT ECONOMIC GOODS FROM RESIDUAL CHEMICAL PROCESSES, PREFERABLY USED AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL FOR UNDERGROUND MINING |
| US5057009A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1991-10-15 | Wisconsin Electric Power Company | Lightweight aggregate from flyash and sewage sludge |
| US5342442A (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1994-08-30 | Wisconsin Electric Power Company | Lightweight aggregate from flyash and sewage sludge |
| USRE34775E (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1994-11-01 | Minergy Corp. | Lightweight aggregate from flyash and sewage sludge |
| US5500044A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1996-03-19 | Greengrove Corporation | Process for forming aggregate; and product |
| US5669969A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1997-09-23 | Greengrove Corporation | Process for forming aggregate; and product |
| US6416691B1 (en) | 1998-01-28 | 2002-07-09 | Mikhail Pildysh | Synthetic aggregate and process for the production thereof |
| WO2004037743A1 (en) * | 2002-10-24 | 2004-05-06 | John Gerard Cronin | A method of using wastewater sludge in the production of concrete |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI68362B (en) | 1985-05-31 |
| DE3067652D1 (en) | 1984-05-30 |
| DK542780A (en) | 1981-06-22 |
| AU534949B2 (en) | 1984-02-23 |
| AU6565180A (en) | 1981-07-23 |
| EP0031667B1 (en) | 1984-04-25 |
| ES8200409A1 (en) | 1981-11-16 |
| NO803849L (en) | 1981-06-22 |
| IE802697L (en) | 1981-06-21 |
| ES498025A0 (en) | 1981-11-16 |
| JPS56115693A (en) | 1981-09-10 |
| ATE7220T1 (en) | 1984-05-15 |
| FI803944L (en) | 1981-06-22 |
| EP0031667A1 (en) | 1981-07-08 |
| AR223574A1 (en) | 1981-08-31 |
| NZ195868A (en) | 1983-07-15 |
| IE50676B1 (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| ZA807812B (en) | 1981-12-30 |
| FI68362C (en) | 1985-09-10 |
| CA1135729A (en) | 1982-11-16 |
| NO152443C (en) | 1985-10-02 |
| BR8008288A (en) | 1981-07-07 |
| NO152443B (en) | 1985-06-24 |
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