US429516A - Richard von freeden - Google Patents
Richard von freeden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US429516A US429516A US429516DA US429516A US 429516 A US429516 A US 429516A US 429516D A US429516D A US 429516DA US 429516 A US429516 A US 429516A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- grains
- nitro
- von freeden
- richard von
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229940079938 Nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 20
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002828 nitro derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camphor Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000846 Camphor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000723346 Cinnamomum camphora Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001325354 Lamiinae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930007890 camphor Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940035423 ethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B5/00—Preparation of cellulose esters of inorganic acids, e.g. phosphates
- C08B5/02—Cellulose nitrate, i.e. nitrocellulose
- C08B5/04—Post-esterification treatments, e.g. densification of powders, including purification
Definitions
- My invention is based on the discovery made by me that gelatinized nitro-cellulose still containing the solvent employed for its gelatinization on being exposed to certain liquids or to vapors thereof undergoes a kind of coagulation and a division into small lumps, which latter is promoted by stirring.
- This peculiar behavior of the gelatinized nitro-cellulose I makeuse of in the manufacture of granulated gunpowder from nitro-cellulose or compounds thereof with other substances.
- the nitrocellulose in view of producing such gunpowder, which is not affected by moisture, the nitrocellulose, whether pure or mixed with other materials, is at present either converted in its original state into particles, which are thereupon gelatinized on the surface, or it is at the onset thoroughly gelatinized, and subsequentlydivided by mechani cal meansinto small pieces or laminae.
- the powder In the first case the powder is not sufficiently resistant against the influence of dampair, while in the second case it is impossible to obtain grains of like size and form, which is so much the more prejudicial, as this non-uniformity is an obstacle to the complete expulsion of the solvents employed in the gelatinizing process, in consequence whereof a difference in the chemical constitution and explosive power of the grains results.
- I proceed as follows:
- the nitrocellulose, or compound thereof with other substances is first mixed with a liquid adapted to dissolve the former such as ethyl-ether, methyl-ether, a solution of camphor in ether, a mixture of ether and alcohol, dinitro-toluol, &c.'and the mixture is kneaded or rolled until it has become plastic and the nitro-cellulose completely dissolved.
- I employ water or steam, or both together. At the same time the mass is stirred.
- the mass is caused to split up into particles or grains, which become smaller in the measure as the stirring is continued and the temperature is raised.
- the grains are heated together with the same or any other like liquid, vapor, or steam unadapted to act chemically thereon, the temperature being carried to a degree somewhat above the boiling-point of the solvent employed in order to completely drive out the latter.
- the said solvents are thereby extracted from the grains and evaporated; butthey may be recovered by distillation. Thereupon the grains are separated from the liquid or withdrawn from the steam or vapor and dried, and finally they are treated in the ordinary manner in. View of producing finished gun or blasting powder.
- the described method of extracting the solvents may also be applied to grains composed of or containing gelatinized nitro-cellulose, which are produced by means different from those specified.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
RICHARD VON FREEDEN, OF IVALSRODE, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.
MANUFACTURE OF GUNPOWDER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 429,516, dated June 3, 1890.
Application filed February 26, 1890- Serial No. 341,876. (No specimens.)
My invention is based on the discovery made by me that gelatinized nitro-cellulose still containing the solvent employed for its gelatinization on being exposed to certain liquids or to vapors thereof undergoes a kind of coagulation and a division into small lumps, which latter is promoted by stirring. This peculiar behavior of the gelatinized nitro-cellulose I makeuse of in the manufacture of granulated gunpowder from nitro-cellulose or compounds thereof with other substances. In view of producing such gunpowder, which is not affected by moisture, the nitrocellulose, whether pure or mixed with other materials, is at present either converted in its original state into particles, which are thereupon gelatinized on the surface, or it is at the onset thoroughly gelatinized, and subsequentlydivided by mechani cal meansinto small pieces or laminae. In the first case the powder is not sufficiently resistant against the influence of dampair, while in the second case it is impossible to obtain grains of like size and form, which is so much the more prejudicial, as this non-uniformity is an obstacle to the complete expulsion of the solvents employed in the gelatinizing process, in consequence whereof a difference in the chemical constitution and explosive power of the grains results. For the purpose of obviating these defects I proceed as follows:
The nitrocellulose, or compound thereof with other substances, is first mixed with a liquid adapted to dissolve the formersuch as ethyl-ether, methyl-ether, a solution of camphor in ether, a mixture of ether and alcohol, dinitro-toluol, &c.'and the mixture is kneaded or rolled until it has become plastic and the nitro-cellulose completely dissolved. To the mass thus obtained I introduce a liquid or vapor incapable of dissolving or otherwise acting chemically either 011 the nitro-cellulose or on the ingredients of the said compound thereof. Preferably I employ water or steam, or both together. At the same time the mass is stirred. By these means the mass is caused to split up into particles or grains, which become smaller in the measure as the stirring is continued and the temperature is raised. The grains are heated together with the same or any other like liquid, vapor, or steam unadapted to act chemically thereon, the temperature being carried to a degree somewhat above the boiling-point of the solvent employed in order to completely drive out the latter. The said solvents are thereby extracted from the grains and evaporated; butthey may be recovered by distillation. Thereupon the grains are separated from the liquid or withdrawn from the steam or vapor and dried, and finally they are treated in the ordinary manner in. View of producing finished gun or blasting powder.
The described method of extracting the solvents may also be applied to grains composed of or containing gelatinized nitro-cellulose, which are produced by means different from those specified.
1 claim as my invention-- 1. The process of gelatinizing and granulating intro-cellulose or a compound thereof with other substances, which consists in adding to the said nitro-cellulose or compound a solvent of the former, kneading the mass until the same has become plastic and the nitro cellulose thoroughly gelatinized, introducing thereto a liquid or vapor chemically indifferent to the constituents of the mass, and stirring the latter until complete granulation has been produced, substantially as described.
2. The process of treating grains composed of gelatinizednitro-cellulose or of a compound thereof with other substances and still containin g the solvent employed for the purpose of gelatinization, the said process consisting in exposing the grains to a heated liquid 'or vapor chemicallyindifferent to the solid constituent-s thereof and afterward drying the grains, substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
RICHARD VON FREEDEN. lVitnesses:
W. H. Enwnnns, W. HAUPT.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US429516A true US429516A (en) | 1890-06-03 |
Family
ID=2498425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US429516D Expired - Lifetime US429516A (en) | Richard von freeden |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US429516A (en) |
-
0
- US US429516D patent/US429516A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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