US429347A - Dust-collector - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS W. lIASKELL, OF AUBURN, MAINE.

DUST-COLLEQ'TQR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters 24am 110,429,347, dated June a, 1890.

Application filed January 23, 1890- S erial No. 337,829. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS W. IIASKELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Auburn, in the county of Andro'scoggih and State of Maine, have invented certain new and useful Im p rovcments in Dust-Collectors; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothcrsskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

M y invention relates to dust collectors and separators for separating or removing the dust, shavings, or other particles which are held in suspension in the air drawn from sanding-machines, planers, turning-lathes, &c.

The object of my invention is to construct a dust collector and separator which shall have no working parts and which shall change the direction ofthe air-current gradually and not suddenly, whereby the back-' pressure may be reduced to a minimum, and

which shall, by centrifugal force and the use of deflecting-plates combined, gather the dust into one particular part of the air-current and then quickly cut out that portion of the current. I accomplish this result by passing the dust-laden air through an inner cylinder hav-' ing a spiral passage through it formed by deflecting-plates of suitable shape, whereby the dust is gradually collected in the layer of air which rotates next the wall of the cylinder, and then intercepting this layer of air by an annular opening having a flange in front of it and within the cylinder, so that as it rises company'ing it passes under the flange and out at said. opening, where it is collected in a suitable chamber.-

I have illustrated my invention in the acdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a central vertical section showin g the deflecting-plates in elevation,and Fig. 2 is a section ona: a: of Fig. 1.

The body of my separator is a cylinder 13, preferably round in section, with a conical lower portion a, connected with a supply-pipe b. \Vithin the cylinder and occupying the greater portion of its length are spirally-disposed deflecting-plates C C, filling the cylinder and forming one or more spiral passages .tion of the dust by through it. I have here shown these deflecting-plates as having the form of a helix winding about a central post 0 for convenience of construction; but I do not wish to limit my- .self to this construction. The upper wall of the spiral passage described has an upward and outward incliuing surface, which tends to deflect anythin'g striking it outward against 1 the surface ofthe cylinder. Surrounding the cylinder Bis an inclosing-casing A, an annular space e-being left between them. I connect the annular space with the interior of the cylinder B above the deflecting-plates by means of an annular opeuing'g, having anannular flange or ring d, projecting down in front of it. This ring (1,1 here show as forming the lower edge of a lower outlet-pipe I),

i which carries off the body of the air; but it may, if desired, be independent of the outletpipe.

I have here represented the upper end of the space 6 as closed ,by a diaphragm -i, which extends'into the outlet-pipe and forms the top of the annular opening e; but the important point of the construction is to. have an annular flange. inside of the inner surface of the cylinder B and concentric with it, the space behind said flange or between it and the walls of the cylinder opening into the outer collecting-chamber.

In the annular chamber-e, I have placed an inclined diaphragm fto facilitate the colleccausing it to slide downward to one particular point, at which point I place a discharge-tube h for removing the collected dust.

In the apparatus here shown I represent a ;second or upper outlet-pipe F, of smaller diameter than the pipe 1) and extending upward from it. The lower end, of the pipe F is somewhat below the upper end of the pipe D. A casing E surrounds the pipe D and connecis with the upper outlet-pipe F above the top of the pipe D, forming an annular opening 1, similar to the opening g. This casing I prefer to make larger than the casing B, in which case I extend it downward to the lower end of the casing 13, thus forming an outer col looting-chamber outside of the chainthe outer chamber. If desired, the casing E may extend only down to the top of the easin" B.

I n operating my dust-collector thecurrent of dust-laden airis introd need from the blower through the supply-pipe b. Thence it passes up through the spiral passage formed by the deflecting-plates 0. As it passes upward it is given a rotating motion and the particles of dust are thrown by centrifugal force and by striking against the deflecting-plates G outward against the inner walls of the tube B, along which they move in a spiral direction. \Vhen the dust thus separated from the main body of air reaches the overhanging flange d, it passes through the opening g, and thence into the chamber e, carrying with it that portion of the air which moves next to the wall. The main body of air, having the dust and solid particles thrown out, passes off through the outlet-pipe D. The air as it passes up the tube D may have in it some fine dust which has escaped separation in the lower portion of the machine, in which case it will be caught under the flange formed by the lower end of the pipe F, and will pass off through the opening I, thence into the outer collecting-chamber, where it will drop down and mix with that collected in the chamber e. The air which comes through the openings Z and 9 passes downward with decreased velocity and out of the opening h. By having a large annular chamber for collecting. the velocity of. the current entering it is more quickly checked. The air freed from both the fine and coarse particles finally passes oif through the dischargepipe F. The motion of the air in passing up through the winding passage is such that it does not suddenly change direction, and hence does not reduce the pressure except to a very limited extent, while at the same time it effectually removes the particles of dust, however light they may be.

I find by experience that my device is fitted for collecting the finestof dust as well as coarser materials, such as shavings, &c.

I,claim- 1. In a dust collector and separator, an inner cylinder having spirally-disposed deflecting-plates forming a spiral passage through it, an inlet-opening at the lower end of said cylinder, an outer casing surrounding said inner cylinder and forming an annular chamber between them, an annular opening around the upper side of said inner cylinder above said deficeting-plates,and an annular flange projecting downwardwithin said cylinder in front ofsaid opening to form an annular passage connecting the said inner cylinder with the said annular chamber, and an outlet-openin g at the upper end of said cylinder, substantially as described.

2. In a dust collector and separator, an inner cylinder having spirallydisposed deflecting-plates forming a spiral passage through it, an inlet-opening at the lower end of said cylinder, an outer casing surrounding said inner cylinder and forming an annular chamher, an annular opening around the said cyl- "inder and above said deflecting-plates, an outlet-tube or cylinder of smaller diameter than said inner cylinder extending from the upper end thereof and having its lower end projecting downward in front of said annular opening, forming an annular passage eonncctin'g said inner cylinder with said annular chamber, substantially as described.

3. Ina dust collector and separator, an in nor cylinder having spirally-disposed deflecting-plates forming a spiral passage through it, an inlet-opening at the lower end of said cylinder, an .outer casing surrounding said inner cylinder and forming an annular cham .ber, an annular opening-around the said cylinder and above said deflecting-plates, an annular flange extending downward within said cylinderin front of said opening, a diaphragm closing said annular chamber above said open ing and extending inward to said flange, and an outlet-opening at the top ofsaid inncreylinder, substantially as described.

4. In a dust collector andseparator, a cylinder having therein deflecting-plates forming a spiral opening through it, an inlet-pipe at the lower end and an outlet-pipe at the upper end, a lower casing inclosing said cylinder and an upper casing inclosing said outlet-pipe and forming an upper and lower annular chamber, an annular opening eonneeting said cylinder with said lower chamber above said deflecting-plates, and an annular opening connecting said outlet-pipe with said upper chamber, substantially as described. 1

5. In a dust collector and separator, a separating-cylinder, deflecting-plates spirally disposed therein forming a spiral opening through it surrounded by a casing forming an inner annular collecting-chamber, an opening above said deflecting-plate connecting said chamber with the interior. of said cylinder,an inlet-pipe at the lower endof said cylinder and an outlet-pipe at the upper end thereof, a casing chamber around said outlet-pipe and extending down outside of said inner collectingehamber, and an opening connecting said outlet-pipe with said outer chamber, substantially as described. r v i 6. In a dust collector and separator, a separating-cylinder, deflecting-plates spirally disposed therein forming a spiral opening through it, an inlet and an outlet pipe for the same, an inner casing forming an inner forming an outer annular collecting-chambersnfrounding said e'ylindei; each other; and an opening from said outletand an opening above said defleeting-p1ates' pipe into said outer collecting-ehamber. [0 connecting said chamber with-the interior of In testimony whereof I affix my signatui e said ,cylinder, an outer casing surrounding in presence of two witnesses,

said outlet-pipe and extending downou-tside LEWIS W.HASKELL; 4 of said inner collecting-chamber to form -.an -Witnesses: outer collecting-chamber, the lower. portion S. W; BATES,

of the said collecting-chambers opening into WILBUR F. LUNT.

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