US419120A - Composite roofing - Google Patents
Composite roofing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US419120A US419120A US419120DA US419120A US 419120 A US419120 A US 419120A US 419120D A US419120D A US 419120DA US 419120 A US419120 A US 419120A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- roofing
- paint
- sheathing
- cotton
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 210000000282 Nails Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004642 transportation engineering Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
- E04D11/02—Build-up roofs, i.e. consisting of two or more layers bonded together in situ, at least one of the layers being of watertight composition
Definitions
- This invention relates to certain improvements in that kind of composite roofing which is made or formed directly on the roof it is designed to protect.
- the object of the invention is to cover sheathing, tin, or old roofs of felt, or fiat roofs, as well as very steep roofs having a smooth outer surface, either in broken places or in whole.
- the invention consists in placing and securing a single-ply layer, or sheet of cotton, felt, or other suitable open fibrous material on the roof to be covered. I then coat it with incombnstible adhesive paint, then a second layer of cotton, muslin, or the like, and then secure the whole to the sheathing or roof. I then press the said layers together, uniting them by means of the adhesive paint between them, and the paint passing through the under layer to the roof-sheathing, and, finally, when dry this roofing receives another coat of non-combustible metallic paint, first heated to a consistency to readily spread and fill the interstices in the fiber of the cloth. ⁇ Vhen the paint dries and becomes hard, the roof as complete will appear glossy, and is perfectly impervious to water, and is fireproof.
- Figure 1 shows the roof as partly laid and finished, also showing the sheathing with a roll of cotton ready to be put down;
- Fig. 2 a section through the roof when complete.
- Fig. 3 shows a portion of a roof made of sheathing, upon which is laid a portion of my roofing material, one layer of the cotton being turned over;
- Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the manner of uniting the meeting edges of the sections of the roofing.
- the invention is an improvement on patent granted to me on the 7th day of September, 1886, in which the roofing material is made before putting it on the roof; but I find by making itof two or more ply of felting, cotton, paint, and the like it is too heavy and expensive, and, besides, there is great waste; but with my new method I can handle it with safety and facility, and by laying the different materials on the roof separately and manufacturing the covering as I progress the roofing material lies better and is more compactly formed, is less liable to crack, makes a more complete roofing without waste, and is altogether a more satisfactory roof. It is also much cheaper by being put on and made where it is designed to remain, avoiding the cost of manufacture at factories, the breaking of the edge, and the cost of handling and transportation, as well as hoisting to the roof in bulk.
- I may employ any of the well-known metallic paints, mixing them with adhesive substances, such as rosin, gum-shellac, rosin-oil, or linseed-oil, and asphaltum, in proper proportions, heating them sufficiently to melt the substances together, stirring and mixing the same to insure a perfect union thereof.
- adhesive substances such as rosin, gum-shellac, rosin-oil, or linseed-oil, and asphaltum
- Mineral paints mixed with mineral noncombustible adhesivc substance when in a heated condition, will adhere sufiiciently to the fabric to hold it and fill the interstices of the fiber.
- Asphaltum and oil may be mixed with the paint to preserve the roofing from decay, as the less vegetable substances there are used the more lasting will be the roof.
- the cotton or muslin is very cheap and durable when subjected to my preparation, and is not liable to rot out or break. It will not draw or warp when its fibers are-fully saturated, and will therefore remain fixed in the position when laid in a continuous integral sheet.
- composite roofing consisting of alayer of textile fabric stretched upon the roof,"a coating of adhesive paint consisting of two or more layers of single-ply woven fabric or cotton cloth, saturated with and coated between the layers with a mixture of rosin, shellac, rosin-oil, and asphaltum, and
- the herein-described roofing material made in strips directly on the roof it is designed to cover, and consisting of a 'layer of woven fabric, such as cotton or muslin, stretched on the roof, a coating of rosin, shellac, rosin-oil, and asphaltnm on said textile layer, and passing through and cementing the same to the roof, anotherlayer of woven fabric pressed upon said adhesive coating while soft and thereby cemented to the same,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
D. HARGER.
COMPOSITE ROOFING. No. 419,120. Patented Jan.7,1890.
j z e7 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
DAVID IIARGER, OF DES MOINES, IOIVA.
COMPOSITE ROOFING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 419,120, dated J anuary 7, 1890.
Application filed March 19, 1889. Serial No. 303,903. (No specimens.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, DAVID I'IARGER, of Des Moines, in the county of Polk and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Roofing; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.
This invention relates to certain improvements in that kind of composite roofing which is made or formed directly on the roof it is designed to protect.
The object of the invention is to cover sheathing, tin, or old roofs of felt, or fiat roofs, as well as very steep roofs having a smooth outer surface, either in broken places or in whole.
The invention consists in placing and securing a single-ply layer, or sheet of cotton, felt, or other suitable open fibrous material on the roof to be covered. I then coat it with incombnstible adhesive paint, then a second layer of cotton, muslin, or the like, and then secure the whole to the sheathing or roof. I then press the said layers together, uniting them by means of the adhesive paint between them, and the paint passing through the under layer to the roof-sheathing, and, finally, when dry this roofing receives another coat of non-combustible metallic paint, first heated to a consistency to readily spread and fill the interstices in the fiber of the cloth. \Vhen the paint dries and becomes hard, the roof as complete will appear glossy, and is perfectly impervious to water, and is fireproof.
In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows the roof as partly laid and finished, also showing the sheathing with a roll of cotton ready to be put down; Fig. 2, a section through the roof when complete. Fig. 3 shows a portion of a roof made of sheathing, upon which is laid a portion of my roofing material, one layer of the cotton being turned over; and Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the manner of uniting the meeting edges of the sections of the roofing.
The invention is an improvement on patent granted to me on the 7th day of September, 1886, in which the roofing material is made before putting it on the roof; but I find by making itof two or more ply of felting, cotton, paint, and the like it is too heavy and expensive, and, besides, there is great waste; but with my new method I can handle it with safety and facility, and by laying the different materials on the roof separately and manufacturing the covering as I progress the roofing material lies better and is more compactly formed, is less liable to crack, makes a more complete roofing without waste, and is altogether a more satisfactory roof. It is also much cheaper by being put on and made where it is designed to remain, avoiding the cost of manufacture at factories, the breaking of the edge, and the cost of handling and transportation, as well as hoisting to the roof in bulk.
I may employ any of the well-known metallic paints, mixing them with adhesive substances, such as rosin, gum-shellac, rosin-oil, or linseed-oil, and asphaltum, in proper proportions, heating them sufficiently to melt the substances together, stirring and mixing the same to insure a perfect union thereof. For outside covering I may dispense with some of the vegetable substances.
Mineral paints mixed with mineral noncombustible adhesivc substance, when in a heated condition, will adhere sufiiciently to the fabric to hold it and fill the interstices of the fiber. Asphaltum and oil may be mixed with the paint to preserve the roofing from decay, as the less vegetable substances there are used the more lasting will be the roof.
The cotton or muslin is very cheap and durable when subjected to my preparation, and is not liable to rot out or break. It will not draw or warp when its fibers are-fully saturated, and will therefore remain fixed in the position when laid in a continuous integral sheet.
In laying this roofing a sheet (of suitable width and length) of fibrous material a is first laid, stretched, and secured directly upon the roof, either the sheathing or old covering of the roof. This textile layer is then covered and saturated with a coating of the abovementioned adhesive mixture (I, Fig. 2. other layer of the textile fabric a is then stretched upon said paint while soft and pressed down upon the same, thereby uniting the textile layers when the adhesive paint hardens, and when this adhesive paint has thoroughly dried and hardened the outer textile layer is covered with a coating of noncombustible mineral paint 6.
Patches on old roofs and on leaky places can be readily put on as solid as if the whole roof were covered with my material, as the cotton or felt is first laid on when very pliable and can be pressed into any crevices and on the edges of the old covering, so that when the cement is put on a close joint is formed, and both the old-and the new become an integral sheet, as if originally laid down A Cotton or muslin may be substituted for the felt when desired, and when only a single thickness is laid on the roof and the adhesive material applied it passes through the fibers of the cotton and adheres to the roof, and thus cements it in such manner not only to prevent leakage, but secures/the roofing to the sheathing, so that the wind will never get under it and blow it off. This is a great consideration in sheet rootin g, as it is well known that many sheet roofs are blown off by the wind getting beneath them, and, not being properly secured to the roof, are blown off, causing great destruction.
The manner of securingthe seams of one width to the other is expressed in my patent above referred to, whichis: In applying the roofing material I simply overlap the edges of the two adjacent widths and nail them to the sheathing; butI prefer to use in connection with this slip a strip or ribbon of tin 'or other metal, through which the nails are to pass, or I may use a stiff wire 1) instead of the metal strips over the seams, and secure it by driving hook-headed nails Cover it into the sheathing through the roofing material,
securing the whole rigidly together, and thus stiffen, and, in addition to the under ply being sealed to the roof, rigidly secure the roofing to the sheathing,which is of course prop erly anchored to the rafters.
In this way I produce a roof cheap, durable, and secure,
which cannot be done by first making the roofing and afterward laying it on the sheathing and nailing it thereto.
Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-
1. The herein-described composite roofing, consisting of alayer of textile fabric stretched upon the roof,"a coating of adhesive paint consisting of two or more layers of single-ply woven fabric or cotton cloth, saturated with and coated between the layers with a mixture of rosin, shellac, rosin-oil, and asphaltum, and
having atop dressing of mineral paint mixed in suitable proportions with oil, for the purpose set forth.
3. The herein-described roofing material made in strips directly on the roof it is designed to cover, and consisting of a 'layer of woven fabric, such as cotton or muslin, stretched on the roof, a coating of rosin, shellac, rosin-oil, and asphaltnm on said textile layer, and passing through and cementing the same to the roof, anotherlayer of woven fabric pressed upon said adhesive coating while soft and thereby cemented to the same,
the edges of said strips overlappingand being secured together by wire and hooked nails, substantially as described.
In testimony that I claim the foregoiiiig as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.
"Vitnesses;
C. M. WERLE, JOHN ENDERS, Jr.
DAVID HARGER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US419120A true US419120A (en) | 1890-01-07 |
Family
ID=2488042
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US419120D Expired - Lifetime US419120A (en) | Composite roofing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US419120A (en) |
-
0
- US US419120D patent/US419120A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4039706A (en) | Laminated bituminous roofing membrane | |
US4091135A (en) | Laminated bituminous roofing membrane | |
US3937640A (en) | Process for manufacturing a waterproofing assembly of laminated bituminous roofing membranes | |
US4055453A (en) | Process for producing laminated bituminous roofing membrane | |
JPS59118448A (en) | Insulating and impermeable fibriform panel and its manufacture and manufacturing device | |
US1765796A (en) | Sealed laminated roofing element | |
US835889A (en) | Ready-made roofing. | |
US3215243A (en) | Method of repairing roofing material | |
US419120A (en) | Composite roofing | |
US2222868A (en) | Roofing and siding | |
US2390697A (en) | Roofing or surfacing material | |
US1083243A (en) | Ready-to-lay composition roofing. | |
US1950840A (en) | Roofing strip and method of making the same | |
DE3338885A1 (en) | Single-layer silicone roofing system | |
US855757A (en) | Ready-made roofing. | |
US767723A (en) | Roofing or siding. | |
US822602A (en) | Method of waterproofing buildings, &c. | |
US1541130A (en) | Roof and method of forming the same | |
US206850A (en) | Improvement in materials for roofing and building purposes | |
US2048663A (en) | Roof covering | |
US1880429A (en) | Process of preparing roof coverings | |
US1322278A (en) | of chicago | |
US1295361A (en) | Ridge-covering. | |
US2044786A (en) | Art of curing building material | |
US294579A (en) | William heney haeeison childs |