US416709A

US416709A - Federico bauder

Info

Publication number: US416709A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 1906-12-10

Description

(No Model.)

1 RBAUDER.

PROCESS OF REFI-NINGHSUG'AR.

No. 416,709. PatentedDe'o. 10, 1889.

' WITNE88E8: INVENTOR KM/Z;

N Pains mwutmnpmr. Walhingion, a. c.

expensive nature.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FEDERICO BAUDER, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

PROCESS OF REFINING SUGAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,709, dated December 10,1889.

Application filed February 11, 1888. Serial No. 263,670. (No model.) Patented in France June 22, 1887, No. 184 376, and in England November 2, 1888, No. 16,397-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FEDERIOO BAUDER, of Paris, in the Republic of France, have i11- vented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Refining Sugar, (for which Letters Patent have heretofore been granted to me by the Government of France, No. 184,37 6, and dated June 22, 1887, and England, No. 16,397, of November 2,1888) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved process of refining sugar by generating ozone in the presence of heat, moisture, and electricity, so as to permit the purification, bleaching, and refining of the sugar in a rapid and economical manner.

The processes which were heretofore used in refining sugar were of a slow, difficult, and \Vhatever chemical or mechanical processes are employed the following operations have to be performed: First, dissolving or melting the sugar; second, clarifying the same; third, filtering and discoloring; fourth, boiling; fifth, cleaning; sixth, bleaching, and, seventh, drying the same.

My invention consists, in its general outlines, in a process of refining sugar by subjecting the mass in dry state to the action of steam, so as to moisten and heat the same, and to the bleaching action of ozone generated by electric sparks passed through the moistened mass, while the same is simultaneously rotated in a centrifugal machine, so

as to drain off the sirup. After the bleaching action is completedthe mass is crushed,

7 bolted, and moistened, and then pressed into suitable shape.

The accompanylng drawing represents a Vertical central section of one form of cen-' trifugal machine employed in carrying my improved process of refining sugar nto practice.

In my improved process of refining sugar the sugar is taken in crystallized condition as it is delivered by the planter, and first thoroughly ventilated by forcing air through the same for removing thereby adhering dust and other impurities.

sugar are of medium size, they are left as they are; but if the crystals are of larger size they are crushed, so as to reduce them toa smaller If the crystals in the smaller size of the crystals or of the powder in the same. The mass of sugar is next transferred to a centrifugal apparatus provided with a steam-jacket a, which communicates by a pipe 12, having a regulating stop-cock b, with the rotary perforated basket d of the machine. By the pipe I) the required quantity of steam is supplied to the basket. The steam may be of high or low pressure. If the pressure does not exceed six atmospheres, the mass of sugar is put into the centrifugal machine in a perfectly drystate, as the moisture produced by the steam is sufficient for the bleaching operation. If steam of higher pressure is used, the mass of sugar has to be moistenedto the required degree by an atomizer, so as to compensate for the more or less dry condition of the steam.

The centrifugal machine is closed by a hermetically-fitting cover e, which is provided with means for supporting the electrodes ff, that are connected by conductingwires with a dynamo-electric machine or other suitable source of electricity. The ends of the electrodes or poles f f are arranged at a greater 'or smaller distance from each other, according to the intensity of the current employed, so as to obtain a constant spark be tween the poles. The cover 6 also serves to tightly close the centrifugal machine, so as to maintain the high temperature imparted by the steam-jacket and steam to the interior of the centrifugal machine. After the mass of sugar has been placed in the basket of the centrifugal machine the same is rotated and the mass first subjected for about ten minutes to the action of steam, which has for its object not only to purify the sugar to a certain extent, but also to moisten it and prepare it for the action of the electric current.

The joint action of the heat and moisture on the crystallized sugar places the same in a better condition to be acted on bythe ozone generated by the electric current, while the interior of the centrifugal machine, the current being maintained for about forty minutes, either continuously or intermittingly, according to its intensity and the quality of sugar to be treated. The admission of steam may be kept up continuously or intermitting- 1y for a longer or shorter time, according to the pressure of the steam; but it has to be stopped at least ten minutes before interrupting the current and stopping the centrifugal machine. The strength of the electric current Varies according to the quality to be treated and the speed with which the operaation is to be carried out. mass by the centrifugal action of the machine is completed, the sugar crystals are obtained in refined state, while the sirup has been drained off. This sirup undergoes a separate treatment, which will be described hereinafter. The refined crystals are then removed from the centrifugal machine and submitted to a. crushing action by means of a crushing-mill either plain or perforated blocks or cones orsmall cubes like-the ordinary lumps in use. These blocks or pieces are next subjected to heat for a greater or less length of time, according to the size of the same, which imparts to them the dryness and hardness of ordinary fine sugar. The sugar can also be sold directly after being crushed and bolted, in which case the buyer can afterward subject it to the moistening, compressing, and molding operations. After completing the foregoing operations there remains the sirup and the powder obtained by the same for further treatment. These two substances may be united in such proportions as to obtain a thick mass composed of unrefined portions (sirup) and refined parts, (powden) This mass is transferred to the centrifugal machine and subjected to the moistening, bleaching, and draining operations before described, which will be continued until the sirup is exhausted. The sirup and the powder can also be added to a new quantity of sugar. provided the sirup does not contain more moisture than would be supplied by the steam; If after passing through the different operations the residue of the sirup should contain impurities, it may be clarified by the processes employed by refiners. The thus clarified sirup is then converted into crystals in a centrifugal machine by mixing it with powder-sugar The crystals thus obtained or crushed sugar.

hen the draining of the refined without destroying will then be again submitted to the refining operation before described.

The different steps which together form my process can also be applied directly (instead of to sugar already crystallized) to the mass of sugartbefore crystallization by introducing the same into the centrifugal machine and subjecting it to the different steps of the process. In this manner the only operation which is now performed twicenamely, thedrainingoff of the sirup by centrifugal operation, which is done first by the manufacturer and then again in refining can be performed in one operation.

The advantages of my improved process are that, instead of employing the wet process and the many complicated operations which it requires, the sugar is refined by a dry process, which requires but three orfour operations of great simplicity. The sugar is the crystals, whereby the plant required ,is greatly simplified and rendered much less costly. The time required for refining sugar by my process is reduced to a few hours, while hereto fore it has taken from fifteen to twenty days. The refining operation can also be accomplished directly by the planter without being carried out in special refining establishments.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. The process herein described of refining sugar, which consists in subjecting the same to the simultaneous joint action of centrifugal force, moisture, heat, and ozone generated by the electric current, substantially as set forth.

2. The process herein described of refining sugar, which consists in subjecting the same in dry state to centrifugal action in the presence of moisture, heat, and ozone generated by the electric current, substantially as set forth.

3. Theprocess herein described of refining sugar, which consists in subjecting the crystalline sugar to the 7 simultaneous joint action of centrifugal force, moisture, heat, and ozone generated by the electric current, and then drying the bleached and drained crystals, substantially as set forth.

4. The process herein described of refining sugar, which consists in subjecting the crystallized sugar to the simultaneous joint action of centrifugal force, moisture, heat, and ozone generated by the electric currents, thendrying the crystals, and crushing, bolting, moistening, and pressing them into suitable shapes, substantiallly as set forth. 7

.In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FEDERICO BAUDER.

\Vitnesses:

ROBT. M. HOOPER, ALBERT DE LAUTREPPE'.