US411020A - Manufacture of carbon filaments - Google Patents
Manufacture of carbon filaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US411020A US411020A US411020DA US411020A US 411020 A US411020 A US 411020A US 411020D A US411020D A US 411020DA US 411020 A US411020 A US 411020A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- carbon
- manufacture
- carbon filaments
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 40
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N HF Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000003936 Plumbago auriculata Species 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 vapor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/145—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from pitch or distillation residues
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/30—Foil or other thin sheet-metal making or treating
- Y10T29/301—Method
- Y10T29/308—Using transitory material
Definitions
- My invention consists, mainly, in making carbon filaments by forming filaments of clay or other plastic substance which can be baked hard, baking the same, covering the same with carbon, and then eating away the baked plastic material by hydrofluoric acid or other suitable solvent, leaving a filamentary shell of carbon well adapted for use as the high-resistance incandescent conductor of an electric lamp.
- refractory substance such as an oxide made into a plastic mass by mixing it with a liquid and form filaments therefrom, preferably by forcing the substance by pressure through suitable cylindrical dies and then bending the plastic filaments thus formed into the desired shape; or, instead of this, the plastic substance may be rolled into sheets and the filaments cut or stamped therefrom in the shape required.
- Such filaments are then slowly baked in a suitable receptacle until they have shrunk to about as great an extent as they will shrink, and are then put in a chamber or carbonizing-mold containing powdered anthracite coal and heated to a white heat, whereby hard porcelain-like filaments are formed.
- filaments are then placed in another tube, chamber, or mold and heated to a white heat in the presence of a volatile compound containing carbon, or while a decomposable gas or vapor containing carbon is passed through the chamber.
- Each filament thus receives a hard even coating of carbon upon its entire surface.
- the fila ments are immersed in or treated with hydrofluoric acid'or other acid or solvent which will eat away the clay or other material from Within the carbon.
- a modified method of coating the porcelain filament with carbon consists in first rubbing the filament with plumbago, so that it has a complete conductingsurface, and then passing an electric current through such surface, so as to heat it to incandescence while it is surrounded by a decomposable liquid, vapor, or gas containing carbon. The deposit of hard carbon is thus formed on the filament, which is then eaten away by the acid, as already described.
- What I claim is 1.
- the method of making carbon filaments for electric lamps consisting in forming fila- 1n ents from a plastic refractory material, baking said filaments, coating said filaments with carbon, and then removing the refractory ma terial by a solvent, substantially as set forth.
Description
- a quantity of ordinary clay or similar plastic UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
. THOMAS A. EDISON, OF LLEWVELLYNJARK, NEW JERSEY.
MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 411,020, dated September 17, 1889.
Application filed December 6, 1886. Renewed February 11, 1889. Serial No. 299,557. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, THOMAS A. EDISON, of Llewellyn Park, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Mannfacture of Carbon Filaments, (Case No. 698,) of which the following is a specification.
'Theobject of my invention is to produce carbon filaments of unusually high resistance for the incandescent conductors of electric lamps.
My invention consists, mainly, in making carbon filaments by forming filaments of clay or other plastic substance which can be baked hard, baking the same, covering the same with carbon, and then eating away the baked plastic material by hydrofluoric acid or other suitable solvent, leaving a filamentary shell of carbon well adapted for use as the high-resistance incandescent conductor of an electric lamp.
In carrying my invent-ion into eifect I take refractory substance-such as an oxide made into a plastic mass by mixing it with a liquid and form filaments therefrom, preferably by forcing the substance by pressure through suitable cylindrical dies and then bending the plastic filaments thus formed into the desired shape; or, instead of this, the plastic substance may be rolled into sheets and the filaments cut or stamped therefrom in the shape required. Such filaments are then slowly baked in a suitable receptacle until they have shrunk to about as great an extent as they will shrink, and are then put in a chamber or carbonizing-mold containing powdered anthracite coal and heated to a white heat, whereby hard porcelain-like filaments are formed. These filaments are then placed in another tube, chamber, or mold and heated to a white heat in the presence of a volatile compound containing carbon, or while a decomposable gas or vapor containing carbon is passed through the chamber. Each filament thus receives a hard even coating of carbon upon its entire surface. After this the fila ments are immersed in or treated with hydrofluoric acid'or other acid or solvent which will eat away the clay or other material from Within the carbon. The carbon itself, however, not being affected by the solvent, a fila mentary shell of carbon is left, which is well adapted to be used as the conductor of an incandescent electric lamp, its especial advantage being its very high resistance, which enables the attainment of unusual economy in the amount of metal required for conductors to convey current to the lamps.
A modified method of coating the porcelain filament with carbon consists in first rubbing the filament with plumbago, so that it has a complete conductingsurface, and then passing an electric current through such surface, so as to heat it to incandescence while it is surrounded by a decomposable liquid, vapor, or gas containing carbon. The deposit of hard carbon is thus formed on the filament, which is then eaten away by the acid, as already described.
What I claim is 1. The method of making carbon filaments for electric lamps, consisting in forming fila- 1n ents from a plastic refractory material, baking said filaments, coating said filaments with carbon, and then removing the refractory ma terial by a solvent, substantially as set forth.
2. The method of making carbon filaments for electric lamps, consisting in forming filam en ts from a plastic refractory material, baking said filaments, heating said filaments in the presence of a decomposable compound containing carbon, and then removing the refractory material by a solvent, substantially as set forth.
This specification signed and witnessed this 20th day of November, 1886.
Tl-IOS. A. EDISON.
Witnesses:
WM. PELZER, E. O. ROWLAND.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US411020A true US411020A (en) | 1889-09-17 |
Family
ID=2479954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US411020D Expired - Lifetime US411020A (en) | Manufacture of carbon filaments |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US411020A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4107384A (en) * | 1976-08-10 | 1978-08-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Method for producing porous fibers |
-
0
- US US411020D patent/US411020A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4107384A (en) * | 1976-08-10 | 1978-08-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Method for producing porous fibers |
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