US408284A - Hydrocarbon-burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

S. BENNETT. HYDROGARBON BURNER.

No. 408,284. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

Inventor flttorne- N. PETERS. mm-mmn h r. Washington, a c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEPHEN BENNET", (5F BUFFALO, NEl/V YORK.

HYDROCARBQN-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,284, dated August 6, 1889.

Application filed October 29, 1888. Serial No. 289,369- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

- Be it known that I, STEPHEN BENNETT, of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following description of my said invention, taken in connection with the accompanying sheet of drawings, forms a full, clear, and exact specification, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My presentinvention has general reference to hydrocarbon-burners; and it consists, essentially, in the novel and peculiar combination of parts and details of construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth and described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings already referred to, whichserve to illustrate my said invention more fully, Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved hydrocarbonburner, part of a St0"6 or other suitable furnace and the steam-expansion chamber being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, one of the generators being shown in a horizontal section to exhibit the interior construction. Fig. 3 is a plan of the burner below the generators, the cover of the steam-expansion chamber being removed. Fig. 4 is a plan of the steam-expansion chamber, and Fig. 5 is a plan of the regulating-valve. Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional elevation in line on a: of Fig. 2.

Like parts are designated by corresponding letters of reference in all the figures.

The object of my present invention is the production of an efficient hydrocarbon-burncr for heating purposes.

A B are two cylindrical vessels. preferably constructed of wrought-iron pipe, having caps a to close the ends of said pipe. These vessels are generators, A being the oil and B the steam generator.

0 is a reservoir constructed to receive the liquids, it having a partition as to separate the oil-chamber C"from the water-chamber D, and it has two glass gages D D to show the height of the contents of said reservoir. Two

separate vessels may be used, however, if found desirable. From the reservoir C leads a pipe E, having an adjustable stop-cock F and a pipe e, to the generator A, while from the receptacle D leads a similar pipe G, having a stop-cock F and pipe g, to the steamgenerator B. The generators are placed in bearings h, Fig. 3, in a frame having standards Il. secured together by a tie-rod h, as clearly shown in Fig. 3.

From the generator A leads a pipe I downward, said pipe terminating in a T 2', having branch pipes L L, provided with upwardlypointing discharge-orifices Z, through which the vapor generated in the vessel A issues in a fine stream. From the generator B leads a pipe J downward similar to the pipe of the generator A, said pipe having a T 2", two branchesV V, elbows j j, and two nozzles 76, said pipe and fittings conveying the steam produced in the chamber B down into a steamexpansion chamber M, consisting of a rectangular pan havinga cover N, provided with a removable lid N, there being in the coveran aperture 77. for the passage of the pipe I and openings a a, serving as escape-openings for the gases.

IVithin the generator B is located a pipe P, having upwardly-pointin g orifices S, said pipe being surrounded by a tube R, of asbestus fiber covered with wire-cloth O, as shown in Fig. 2.

The re ulating-valve consists of aproperlyconstructed stop-cock having on its spindle f a lever b, secured with a set screw c or other similar means. To the valve is attached a stop d, adjustably secured to the coupling f by means of a setscrew d, all as clearly shown in Fig. 5.

In operation the lid N of the coverNis removed from the steam-expansion chamber and an ignited fuel-cartridge (not shown) placed into the said chamber against the pipe I. The heat thereby imparted to the generator A will soon suffice to evaporate the oil admittedto said generator, the vapor passing downward through the pipes I and L L and issuing from the orifices n n in the cover of the steam expansion chamber M. As soon as this takes place, the fuel-cartridge is removed and the lid Nof the cover N replacedavhen the heat of the burning vapor will begin to heat the steam-generator B, so that water admitted to the generator will be converted into steam and pass through the pipes J V V and nozzles 70 into the steam-expansion chamber M. Here the steam expands andis reduced to the pressure of the atmosphere and the temperature of boiling Water. The issuing vapors from the orifices Z cause an upward current in the expansion-chamber M, and will take up as much of the steam as is required to produce perfect combustion and burn with an intensely-hot flame. Heretofore burners have been constructed in which the steam and vapor commingle in a chamber prior to their escaping from the escapeopenings, or the gases have been mixed in the orifices, the steam and vapor escaping with a speed due to the pressure in the generators. This construction is imperfect, for the reason that the steam will in most cases extinguish the burning vapor, and thereby cause serious troubles. This obj ection is entirely overcome in my burner, where the gases mix only at the point of escape from the expansion-chamber, and where the steam is never hotter or higher in pressure than the pressure of the atmosphere and the temperature due to this pressure. The steam-generator soon becomes red-hot, and

the water passing into the same through the orifices S is absorbed by the asbestus tubing R, Where it evaporates and passes into the annular space T to be superheated by the heat of the metallic wall of the generator, after which the gases pass through the pipe J, &c., as heretofore described.

In hydrocarbon-burners employing a steamgenerator not provided with an absorbent in aterial there arises a serious difliculty, viz: The water entering the generator is held in globular form until at once it is evaporated and explodes. This sudden conversion causes pulsations of the flame and results almost invariably in the blowing out of the flame, and, if unnoticed, results in more or less serious accidents. This is entirely avoided in my burner, the water not reaching the hot metallic shell of the generator in liquid form, but is absorbed by the fibrous asbestus sheet of which the tube R is composed and evaporated before it can reach the said metallic shell.

The regulating-valve is so adjusted that when the lever 19 reaches the stop dthe proper supply of water and oil passes through the pipes, such stop, however, not preventing the valves from being entirely closed when desired.- This stop arrangement is a desirable feature in valves used for the purpose described. Changes can be readily made by unscrewing the set-screw c on the leverb and by turning the latter upon the valve-spindle f until proper adjustment is reached.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure to me by Letters Patent of the United Statesi 1. In hydrocarbon-burners, the combination, with the standard H, of the two cylindrical generators A B, having caps and pipes to support them in bearings in said standards, the steam and vapor pipes leading to and from said generators, and the steam-expansion chamber, the latter having the removable cover and lid provided with apertures for the escaping gases, in the manner as and for the purpose stated.

2. The combination, with the standard I-I, having the tie-rod h, of the generators A A, having caps and pipes to support them between said standards, the pipe J, T t", pipesVV, elbows j, and nozzles 70, terminating within the steam-expansion chamber M, the latter being provided with a removable cover having detachable lid and escape-openings n, the pipe I, T t', and pipes L, having upwardlyprojecting discharge-apertures Z Z, the Whole being combined and constructed in the man ner as and for the object stated.

3. In hydrocarbon-burners, the steam-expansion chamber M, having two apertures in its side for the passage of the nozzles 7c k, the removable cover N, provided with an excision for the passage of the pipe I and further excisions n, and the detachable lid N in said cover, said lid having excisions corresponding with those in the cover, the whole being combined with suitable generators, in the manner as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

STEPHEN BENNET' Attest:

MICHAEL J. STARK, WM. 0. STARK.

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