US403075A - Type writing and matrix making machine - Google Patents

Description

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TYPE WRITING AND MATRIX MAKING MAGHINE.

No. 403,075. Patented May 7, 1889..

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. TYPE WRITING AND MATRIX MAKING MAGHINE. No. 403,075. Patented May '7, 1889 WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT DFFICE.

\VILLIAM RENNYSON, OF NORRISTOVVN, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING AND MATRIX-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,075, dated May '7, 1889.

Application filed December 17, 1888- Serial No. 293,868. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM RENNYsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Norristown, in the county of Montgomery and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-WVriting and Matrix-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional view of my machine complete, one of the type-bars being depressed; Fig. 2, a horizontal sectional view of the machine, taken on the line a; 00 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a vertical transverse sectional view of the lower part of the machine, taken on the line y y of Fig. 2; Figs. 4 and 5, detail views of the escapement devices for automatically moving the carriage transversely;

Figs. 6 and 7, detail views of the adjacent faces of the driving-pinion for the carriage and the escapement-wheel, showing the ratchet and spring-actuated pawl; Fig. 8, a detail view showing the ratchet-wheel and spring-actuated pawl for rotating the advancing shaft of the platen; Fig. 9, a vertical sectional view of the upper portion of my machine, showing a slight modification of the method of adjusting the type-bars; Fig. 10, a detail perspective view of one of the jointed type-bars; Fig. 11, a detail view of the device for simultaneously adjusting the type-bars; Figs. 12 and 13, detail views of slightly-modified forms of the type-bar-opcrating devices; Fig. 14, a detail plan View of the notched ring for supporting and steadying the type-bars; Fig. 15, a detail plan view of the key-board or manual; Fig. 16, a detail view of the thumb-screw and indicator for adjusting the escapement-Wheels.

This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements upon type-writing and matrix-making machines; and it consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts, that will be fully hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims appended.

The essential object of the invention is to provide extremely simple and comparatively inexpensive arrangement or system of type bars and levers, whereby the type-bars, by a comparatively light blow or pressure upon the operating-keys, will be positively and forcibly thrown or pressed against the impression-surface, thereby rendering it possible and practicable to produce by the em ployment of the ordinary finger-operated keys an impact or blow of sufficient force to make deep and well-defined depressions in a stiff, plastic, or other substance to form a matrix from which to make printing-plates, as will more fully hereinafter appear.

The invention is also designed to produce a simple and positive arrangement of devices for automatically adjusting the matrix, as will presently appear.

Referring to the accompanying drawings by letters, A designates a suitable casing and supporting-frame, which is preferably cylindrical in shape, and B the platen for supporting the matrix or impression surface, which platen may either be a fiat plate or a cylinder, as may be desiredin this instance a plate being employed.

The type-bars O are preferably each constructed of two sections, a a, hinged together at their connected ends, as shown. Each typebar is pivotally hung, as shown in Fig. 9, at its upper end to a screw, 6, provided with a thumb-nut, b, by means of which the type bars may be independently vertically adjusted in order to regulate the depth or force of their impression. In the present machine the arrangement of type bars and keys is circular; but it is evident that I may arrange them in any desired manner without in the least departing from the invention. In their normal position the lower portions of the type-bars rest in notches in a ring, D, suspended over the platen by means of arms or supports D, this ring serving to confine and concentrate the lower sections of the type-bars, as shown. I adj ustably attach, by means of suitable clips c, a funnel-shaped cup, E, to the bottom of the ring D, this funnel serving to guide the'type-bars to their proper place upon the impression-surface.

To steadily but yieldingly hold the lower sections of the type-bars in their notches in the ring D, I may employ spiral springs d, as shown on the right-hand side of Fig. 9, or small coil-springs d, as shown in Fig. 10. This spring d is preferably placed at the joint of each type-bar and coiled once or twice around the connecting-pivot, as shown, the two ends of the spring being adapted to press against the inner surfaces of the adj oining ends of the sections of the bar, and automatically and quickly return the lower section to its proper place in the ring D after each operation.

To forcibly operate the type-bars, I employ for each bar a pair of toggle-levers, F, and pivotally connect the inner ends thereof to the type-bars, (preferably near their upper ends, as shown in Fig. 1,) and their outer ends to the interior of the frame A. If it is desired to adjust the toggle-levers laterally, I may pivot their outer ends to suitable screws, awhich pass through internally-screwthreaded thumb-nuts journaled or mounted upon the main frame of the machine.

As shown in Fig. 13, the inner ends of the toggle-levers F may be pivotally connected to the joints of the type-bars, in which case the sections of the type-bars themselves will form another toggle.

The toggles are held up in their normal position by means of suitable spiral springs, G. These springs may either connect the toggles with the frame of the machine, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9, or they may be arranged as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, as may be found most practicable. Any other arrangement of springs may be employed for restoring the toggles and type-bars to their normal position without departing from the invention.

The operating-keys K pass down through perforations in the top of the casing and rest upon the toggles at their joints or knuckles, as shown in Figs. 1, 9, and 12, or to one side of the joints, as shown in Fig. 13.

If it is desired to adjust the typebars simultaneously, they may be pivotally connected at their upper ends to a disk, I, as shown in Figs. 1 and 11,which is adjusted vertically by means of a screw and thumbnut supported on the top of the casing. By thus constructing the type-bars of two sections and pivotally connecting such sections together at their adjoining ends each typebar is practically constituted a toggle-lever. Thus constituting each type-bar a toggle in itself and operating each type-bar by means of a toggle-lever it will be obvious that the advantage of a compound toggle is obtained. By this arrangement of toggle-levers and keys, it will be observed, the light force exerted upon the keys will be greatly augmented and increased, and the type-bars will be forcibly projected against the matrix or impressioil-surface. The machine may be employed either as a matrix-making machine or as a type-writer with equal advantage.

I will now describe the mechanism for antomatically operating or adjusting the platen B whenever any one of the keys is operated.

The platen consists of a suitable plate provided upon its under side with a longitudinal rack-bar,f. This platen fits snugly and reciprocates between suitable flanges on the side edges of a carriage, J, the carriage being in turn supported upon a pair of transverse rods, g g, secured or supported upon the frame of the machine. This carriage is adapted to move back and forth upon these 1O(lS,'L11(l is normally drawn toward one side of the machine by means of spiral springs g g, surrounding the said stationary rods and having their ends secured, respectively, to the frame A and carriage. This carriage is provided with a transverse .rack'bar, h, on its under side, with which engages a pinion or gear-wheel, K, mounted loosely on the end of a short horizontal shaft, L, this shaft being supported upon a pedestal, M. This shaft L and pinion K are adapted to be adjusted back and fortha limited distance for a purpose presently set forth, and the rack-bar h is wide enough to permit this to be done, the said pinion being held constantly in engagement with the rack-bar in whatever position it may be. Also, mounted loosely on the short shaft L, close up to the face of the pinion, is an internally toothed escapementwheel, N, and clamped to the face of this wheel N, by means of small clamps i, are two or more rings or wheels, N N, similar in construction to the wheel N, but having a different number of internal teeth.

Adapted to engage with the teeth of any one of these is a vertically-vibrating escapement-lever, O, pivoted to a convenient portion of the machineframe. Pivotally and adj ustably connected to this lever O, at a suitable point, is a vertical rod, P, the upper end of this rod being adjustably connected to a vertically-movable ring, Q, which is arranged directly beneath the toggle-levers, and is adapted to be moved down by the same whenever one of the keys K is depressed. The vertical movement of this ring Q is communicated to the escapement-lever through the medium of the rod P, this rod being bent at a suitable point to avoid interference with the platen B.

To prevent noise and disarrangement of the parts, I preferably cushion the upper edge of the ring Q, as shown at 1?, and to restore the ring and its connected parts to their normal position after each operation I employ spiral springs Q, which connect the ring to the top of the frame. To steady and guide the ring Q in its vertical movements, I preferably rigidly secure the same to four or more light vertical rods, R, which pass through suitable guiding-apertures in the top of the casing, and are connected together at their lower ends by means of suitable bars, 70, located below the carriage and platen, out of the way. To further guide and steady the ring in its vertical movements and prevent binding and 1111- due friction, I may employ a vertical pin, R, in the center of the bottom of the casing and pass the same up through a vertical aperture in one of the bars 70. The vertical movement of the rods R and ring Q may be regulated by means of screw taps or nuts upon the upper ends of the said rods R.

The letter S designates a transverse hori- S, in a recess in the upper face of the carriage, 1s a pinion, T, which is adapted to rotate with the said shaft, and at the same time be moved along the same with the carriage, as is evident. This pinion T engages the rack-bar f on the bottom of the platen, as shown clearly in Fig. 3, and is adapted to advance the same whenever the shaft S is r0- tated. Secured rigidly upon this shaft S, near one end, is a ratchet-wheel, S, and adapted to engage with the teeth upon the periphery of this wheel is a spring-actuated pawl, m, pivoted to the lower end of a vertically-movable rod, L. This rod L passes up through the top of the casing, and is provided with a key, K, and a stop-collar, p, to regulate its vertical movement. This rod is automatically drawn up after each operation by means of a retracting-spring, p. By adjusting the collar 19 upon the rod L the distance the platen B is to be advanced can be nicely determined.

The normal position of the escapement-lever is that shown in the detail views, Figs. 4 and 5, in which position it engages one of the upper internal teeth of one of the escapement -wheels N and prevents the spiral springs g g from drawing the carriage to one side, the gear-wheel K being prevented from turning by means of a spring-actuated pawl, g, secured on the face of the wheel N and engaging an internal ratchet-wheel on the said gear-wheel, as shownclearly in Figs. 1, 6, and 7. This ratchet arrangement permits the carriage to be drawn back to its startingpoint after each line of writing is finished without revolving the escapement-wheels, and at the same time causes the cog-wheel and escapement-wheels to rotate in unison while the carriage is moving in the opposite direction. The tendency of the carriage being to move toward the left (Fig. 3) of the machine, it will beobserved that every time the escapement-lever is operated the carriage with its matrix will be suddenly and quickly drawn toward the left a sufficient distance to properly space the letter being used. To

employ a pinion, s, which is secured upon the end of a shaft, 3, and engages a rack-bar, 25, formed on the short shaft L. The shaft s is preferably journaled upon an arm, a, formed upon the pedestal M, and upon its outer end it is provided with a thumb-disk, w, by which it is rotated in either direction. By rotating the pinion s the shaft L, carrying the'cogwheel K and escapement-wheels, may be readily moved back and forth in its bearing, thus enabling the operator to vary the spacing of the letters at will. To enable the operator to ascertain at aglance just which one of the escapement-wheels is being employed, I provide an indicator, '1), on the outer end of the said shafts, as clearly shown in Fig. 16. As each line of writing is completed, the carriage is drawn back to its starting-point by hand. platen the space of one line, the operator simply depresses the key K, which operation, through the medium of the rod L and its spring-actuated pawl, ratchet-wheel S, shaft S, and pinion T, advances the platen the desired distance, the advance movement of the platen taking place upon the return movement of the rod L, which is drawn up by the spring p.

By means of the hereinbefore-mentioned stop-collar p the spaces between the lines may be varied to suit the character of work desired.

As the details of construction of the machine herein described may be varied somewhat without departing from the spirit of the invention, I desire it understood that I do not intend to confine myself to the exact construction shown.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a frame, a circular series of toggle-levers, operatingkeys connected to the toggles, and a circular series of type-bars pivotally connected to the said toggle-levers, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a frame, a circular series of jointed type-bars, means for guiding these type-bars, a series of radial toggle-levers pivotally connected at their inner ends to the said jointed type-bars, operatingkeys, and springs for restoring the parts to their normal positions, substantially as described. I

3. The combination of a casing, the Verticallyead j ustable type-bars, the adjustable toggle-levers radially arranged and connected to the said type-bars, and operating-keys connected to the toggle-levers.

4. The combination of a frame, a pivotallysupported jointed type-bar depending from the said frame, a toggle-lever pivotally connected to this depending type-bar, an operating-key connected to the toggle-lever, and a spring for restoring the parts to their normal position, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination of a frame, adepend When it is desired to advance the ing pivotally-snpported type-bar connected to this frame, this type-bar being constructed of two sections pivotally connected together at their adjoining ends, a toggle-lever, F, pivotally connected at its inner end to the joint or knuckle of the said jointed type-bars, an operating-key resting upon the said toggle-lever, and a spring for restoring the parts to their normal position, whereby the type-bar sections themselves form a toggle, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of a frame, type-bars, toggle-levers for operating the said type-bars, a vertically-guided ring arranged below the said toggle-levers and operated thereby, a depending o1;)erating-rod,P, connected to the said ring, a pivoted escapement-lever connected to rod P, a pinion provided with an internally-toothed escapelnent-wheel, and a spring-actuated carriage provided with a rack-bar upon its under side controlled by said pinion and escapement, as and for the purposes specified.

7. The combination, with a spring-actuated carriage provided with a rack-bar upon its under side, of a shaft journaled below the said carriage, a pinion upon this shaft and engaging the said rack-bar upon the carriage, two or more internally-toothed escapementwheels connected to the said pinion, these escapelnent-wheels being provided with a different number of teeth, means for adjusting the said shaft, an escapement-lever constructed to engage the teeth of the said esc1pement-whee1s,and means for operating the said escapement-lever, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

\VILLIAM RENNYSON.

WVitnesses:

ALFRED L. CAREY, OHAs. D. DAVIS.

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