US401010A - John coffin - Google Patents
John coffin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US401010A US401010A US401010DA US401010A US 401010 A US401010 A US 401010A US 401010D A US401010D A US 401010DA US 401010 A US401010 A US 401010A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- john
- bath
- coffin
- toughening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
Definitions
- My invention relates to an improved process for toughening forged articles of steel.
- Patent No. 368,132 granted to me and dated August 9, 1887, I have described a means of toughening railroadrails or other steel bars, which consist in partially cooling the rails or bars after they have passed through the usual breaking-down and finishing rolls in process of manufacture by subj ecting the rails or bars while still very hot to immersion in a water bath and spraying jets of Water on the head of the rail, said rail being removed from the water having sufiicient contained heat to present a dull red color in the dark, the rail being allowed to cool gradually and thus finish the operation.
- the object of my present invention is to provide a process for the handling and cooling of steel forgings,'so as to avoid aweak structural arrangement of their molecules that 5 5 would result if they were allowed to cool gradually in the atmosphere.
- my process of toughening steel articles that have been forged by an approved apparatus in contradistinction to the endwise passage of such articles successively through a train of rolls consists in the immersion of the article bodily in a bath of water to partially cool it after it has been finished at the forging-machine, then removing it from the bath while it has sufficient heat in its mass to show a low red color in the dark, by subsequent diffusion of the heat throughout its body and afterward allowing the partially-cooled forged article to gradually become completely cold from contact with the atmosphere.
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.
JOHN COFFIN, OF JOHNSTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE OAMBRIA IRON COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.
PROCESS OF TOUGHENlNG FORGED ARTICLES OF STEEL.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,010, dated April 9, 1889.
Application filed February 3, 1883. Serial No. 263,327. (No specimens.)
To all whom, it may concern.-
Be it known that I, JOHN COFFIN, of J ohnstown, in the county of Oambria and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Process of Toughening Forged Articles of Steel; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to to which it appertains to made and use the same.
My invention relates to an improved process for toughening forged articles of steel.
In Patent No. 368,132, granted to me and dated August 9, 1887, I have described a means of toughening railroadrails or other steel bars, which consist in partially cooling the rails or bars after they have passed through the usual breaking-down and finishing rolls in process of manufacture by subj ecting the rails or bars while still very hot to immersion in a water bath and spraying jets of Water on the head of the rail, said rail being removed from the water having sufiicient contained heat to present a dull red color in the dark, the rail being allowed to cool gradually and thus finish the operation. When rails or steel bars were thus handled, the structural arrangement of their mass remained amorphous or devoid of crystallization, this condition resulting from the kneading and stretching to which the faggot is subjected by the drawing of the same successively through a train of rolls endwise.
It was considered at the time my application for patent on the method of toughening steel rails or other bars was filed that a good structural condition of the mass of steel undergoing manipulation could only result from'drawing the same by successive passes through the train of rolls of the rolling-mill or an endwise movement of the bar or rail between said rolls. It has since become apparent that modern methods of machine-forging steel by drop-hammer action or other apparatus that forges steel without. an endwise movement through rolls will leave it in good structural condition, which may be maintained if a suitable process is employed to retain such a disposition of its atoms as to prevent crystallization.
The object of my present invention. is to provide a process for the handling and cooling of steel forgings,'so as to avoid aweak structural arrangement of their molecules that 5 5 would result if they were allowed to cool gradually in the atmosphere.
To this end my process of toughening steel articles that have been forged by an approved apparatus in contradistinction to the endwise passage of such articles successively through a train of rolls consists in the immersion of the article bodily in a bath of water to partially cool it after it has been finished at the forging-machine, then removing it from the bath while it has sufficient heat in its mass to show a low red color in the dark, by subsequent diffusion of the heat throughout its body and afterward allowing the partially-cooled forged article to gradually become completely cold from contact with the atmosphere.
I do not restrict myself to the narrow meaning of a bath of water, as a bath of any other cooling-liquid could be used ;or the bath may be agitated by jets or other means, or a spray bath may be used consisting of jets alone without any solid liquid portion such as would be contained in a bosh; but,
Having fully described my process for toughening steel articles that have been forged by any proper method other than rolling endwise, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is
The within-described process of toughening steel articles that have been forged, consisting in first iorging the article, then immediately subjecting it to the cooling action of a bath of water or other cooling mixture or medium to partially cool v its mass, and finally removing the article from the bath while it has sufficient contained heat in'its body to show after diffusion a low red color in the dark.
In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
JOHN OOFFIN.
Witnesses:
E. J BURKHART, O. M. BRENISER.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US401010A true US401010A (en) | 1889-04-09 |
Family
ID=2469968
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US401010D Expired - Lifetime US401010A (en) | John coffin |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US401010A (en) |
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0
- US US401010D patent/US401010A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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