US394543A - Barrel-hoop machine - Google Patents

Description

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8 E. OLUND.

BARREL HOOP MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

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BARREL HOOP MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

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E. OLUND.

BARREL HOOP MACHINE.

Patented Dec. 11

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BARREL HOOP MACHINE.

(No Model.)

Patented Dec. 11, 1888.

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- BARREL HOOP MACHINE. No. 394,543. Patented Dec. 11', 1888.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

EMIL OLUND, OF HUDSON, W ISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO NELSON C. GRIDLEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

BARREL-HOOP MACH l N E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,543, dated December 11, 1888.

Application filed March 22, 1888. Serial No. 268,080. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EMIL OLUND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hudson, in the county of St. Croix and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Imments in Barrel-Hoop Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which like letters of reference in the different figures designate corresponding parts.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine for the manufacture from hoop-poles of barrel-hoops, which machine may be adapt ed to exert a cutting or splitting or a combined cutting and splitting action in separating the hoop from the pole, which actions, respectively, shall be so combined, alternated, or harmonized with reference to each other as to produce a hoop which shall conform, substantially, to the grain of the wood and possess the qualities and be the equivalent of a hand-made hoop.

A further object is to provide means for trimming the knots from and dressing said hoops, so that they shallbe of proper and uniform thickness throughout.

To this end my invention consists in certain combinations of elements and details of construction, substantially as hereinafter described and claimed, and as shown in said drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view upon the line 00 00, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of said machine, the top being removed to indicate the driving mechanism. Fig. 4 is a detail view, partlyin section, upon the line 2 2, Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the arrow there shown. Fig. 5 is a front end View of a portion of said machine, showing the means for manipulating the feed-rolls upon introducing a hoop-pole to the saw. Fig. 6 is a plan view in detail and partly in section of the knot-trimmer, feedrolls, and saw. Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the feed-rolls, saw with splitters of a modified form, the case inclosing the knotrcutter, and means for adjusting said knotter-cutter with relation to said case or shield. Fig. 8 is a detail view, partly in section, showing the knot-cutter, its adjustable shield, the shaft for driving the same, and a portion of the arm by which it is supported. Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view of a saw, showing the splitters and clamping-plates formed in one piece, said splitters being of different diameters and slightly concaved on their inner faces. Fig. 10 is a like view showing annular splitters attached to the saw. Fig. 11 is a side view of a portion of an upright saw having said splitters attached thereto, being a modification of that feature of my invention. Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view of the same upon line y y, Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a detail view of a still further modification, showing a band-saw with tapered revolving disks arranged to operate in conjunction therewith. Fig. 14 is a sectional view in detail of a portion of a saw, showing tapering splitters integral therewith; and Fig. 15 is a sectional View of a saw, showing a modification in which the teeth of the saw are all slightly bent in one direction obliquely to the plane of the body of the saw.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a table, which is supported upon a frame, B.

A, Figs. 1 and 2, represents a depression in the table, in which is mounted in suitable bearings, a a a saw-arbor, C, to which is attached, in the manner hereinafter stated, a saw, 0. Said arbor is provided with a pulley, B, Fig. 1, which in turn is driven by means of a belt, B from any source of power.

The hoop-pole is fed to the saw and the hoop as separated from the pole is carried through the machine and discharged therefrom by means of a series of rolls, all of which are adapted to rotate in unison and at a corresponding rate of speed, while at the same time they or a portion of them are given lateral or independent movement to accommodate themselves, respectively, to the irregularities and to maintain an unvarying control of the stock upon which they act. They are therefore all actuated from a common source of power in the manner hereinafter stated.

D D represent the main or init-iatory feedrolls by which the pole is fed to the saw. The former is provided with spurs d to enable it to feed the pole without slipping. In the machine as arranged the body of the pole is intended to pass to the left of the saw 0, while the hoop which is separated therefrom passes to the right, and is directed in its course by means of guards E E, arranged substantially parallel to each other and obliquely to the. plane of the saw, and rigidly secured to the table by means of flanges e and screws, or in any well-known way. Said guards E are broken or intermittent to admit of the interposition in the path of the hoop of feed-rolls D D D D The rolls D D are milled, corrugated, or otherwise roughened, as shown, to propel the hoop, while the complementary rolls D D are smooth. A revolving cutter, F, and idle compression-roll F, intended to operate in conjunction therewith, are also interposed in the path of said hoop, for the pun pose hereinafter described. Said feed-"rolls are actuated by the following means:

G, Figs. '2, 3, and 5, represents a vertical shaft, which is secured in stationary bearings attached to the frame. Upon said shaft are keyed spur-wheels g g, the former of which meshes into an idle-gear, h, upon a shaft, h, mounted in bearings in a swinging frame, H, (better shown in Fig. 3,) which is loosely attached to the shaft G. Secured in like bearings in the free end of said frame is a third vertical shaft, H, which extends upwardly through the table A, and upon the top of which is rigidly attached the feed-roll D. A gear, 71 is keyed to said shaft and meshes into the idler h, by which it is driven. The gear g upon the shaft G meshes into a gear,

7', attached to a shaft, J, which is mounted in hearings in a bracket, J, rigidly secured to the frame. A secondary swinging frame, J

(see Figs. 2 and 3,) is loosely secured to the shaft J. 'ithin said frame are mounted shafts j J The latter is provided with a gear, j Figs. 2 and 3, driven by an idle-gear, j upon the shaft j, which in turn is actuated by the gear j. To the top of the shaft .1", which also protrudes through the table, is rigidly attached the feed-r0111). \Vithin the table are formed curved slots a a, Fig. 1, which are concentric, respectively, with the shafts G and J. The frames H and J 2 are adapted to swing in the arc of a circle, and said slots are intended to permit such movement.

The position of the roll D in relation to its distance from the plane of the saw governs the thickness of the hoop, and to adjust said roll and maintain its position when adjusted I attach a yoke, J to the shaft J into the end of which is tapped at j a screw-threaded rod, J which is swiveled in a bearing, j, and rotated by means of a cross-bar, l

The roll D is intended to press constantly againstthe pole and to automatically adjust itself to the irregularities therein. For this purpose, and to swing the roll back in order to introduce a pole between the rolls, Iattach a yoke, H Figs. 3 and 5, to the ishaft-Hf,

which is in turn loosely attached at 71 to the upper end of anelbow-lever, H whichis pivoted to the frame at 71 Fig. 5. Upon the opposite or free end is suspended a weight, h, which tends to press the roll D against the hoop-pole. In order to raise said weight and thus swing said feed-roll outwardly, as dedrive the shaft K by means of a like gear, is,

thereon, and an intervening idle gear, 73,

upon the shaft K, and in like manner to pro pel the shaft L by means of the gears Z l, correspondingly arranged, with the former of which it engages. The shafts K L project upwardly through the table, and. the rolls D D are attached thereto respectively. Said last-named shafts swing with their respective frames in the arc of a circle, the movement thereof being limited by the slots K L Fig. 1. To enable the rolls D D to exert a'resilient pressure upon the hoop, I provide springs K I), Fig. 3, which are bolted-at 7& Z respect ively, to the frame of the machine, while the- 1 opposite ends are looselysecured by means oflinks 7; Z to the free 'ends of the frames K I).

The tension of the springs K L is regulated by means of set-screws k l, secured to the Figs. 2, 3, and 5,) which engage with-like gears, 'M M, upon a con n ectin g-shaft, M supported fram e.

On the lower ends, respeotiwely, of the shafts K and G are keyed bevel-gears M M, (see in bearings m m. The gear H is driven by a bevel-gear, M, Fig. 2, attached to a shaft, m, to which is secured a pulley, M", Fig. 3, connected by a belt to any source of power.

Upon the top of the feed-rolls D D D D Figs. 1 and 2, are rigidly attached trundlegears d d d d, or gears so constructed as to permit of a slight lateral movement of the rolls D D in the arcs K L and at the same time remain in engagement, so as to impart a positive motion tothe rons D D and thus insure the feeding of the hoop despite any obstructions caused by irregularities in the bark or otherwise.

It will be seen from the foregoing that all of the feed-rolls are caused to revolve in A central vertical shaft, K, (shown while at the same time they are free to adapt themselves to-the irregularities of the hoop or pole, as thecase may be, and insure a co'ntinuous movement thereof by a POFlUVG mo tion throughout.-

Having described. the feed-rolls and their 'relations to the-hoop and pole, Iwill now proceed to describe the knot trimmer and planer and the means employed for actuating the same, respectively, after which I will describe the novel features of the saw and the splitters, which act in conjunction therewith, and, finally, the crimping device.

Bolted rigidly to the frame A is a hollow vertical post, 0, Figs. 1 and 2, within which is placed a shaft, 0, supported in bearings 0, Fig. Said shaft is provided with a pulley, 0 upon its lower end, connected with a source of power, while a pulley, O is attached to the top. A bracket, 0, cast or otherwise formed thereon, is rigidly attached to thepost O and extended back and obliquely across the machine to a point substantially in the rear of the saw. (See 1.) In the outer end of the bracket 0 is secured a shaft, 0 which serves as a support for a secondary swinging arm or bracket, P, having bearings in the free end for the support of a vertical shaft, P, to the lower end of which is attached a rotary cutter, P Figs. 2, 6, and 8. The

shaft 0 is provided with a pulley, 0, which is driven by a bolt, 0 from the pulley 0 A secondary pulley, 0 upon said shaft 0 serves to drive a pulley, p, upon the shaft P bymeans of abelt, 1). Thus the cutter P is rotated, while its shaft is free to swing upon its supporting-arm, and thus accommodate the cutter to the inequalities of crooked poles. Surrounding the shaft P, (see Fig. 8,) and forming a bearing therefor, is a sleeve, P which is provided with a laterally-extemled flange, 11 at the top, which is countersunk, as shown, in the arm P. Surrounding said sleeve P 7 and 8, is a secondary sleeve, Pi, which extends to and abuts loosely against the bottom of the arm P. Said sleeve isloose upon the one which it surrounds, and is supported by means of blocks 19 11 inserted in slots 19", 2 and 7, therein, which are secured to the sleeve P by means of set-screws p 19 Said slots are longer than the width of the blocks 19 as indicated in Figs. 2 and 7, to permit of a slight oscillatory movement of the sleeve P", for the purpose hereinafter stated. Upon the lower end of the sleeve P" is rigidly secured a horizontal plate, P, to which is attached, preferably by means of dovetail flanges q, adapted to slide in corresponding grooves in the bottom of the plate P a secondary plate, Q. Swiveled to a boss, q, Figs. 1 and '7, upon the latter is an adj usting-screw, Q, having a suitable handle, which is tapped into a similar boss, upon the plate P Said plate Q is slotted to receive the shaft P and permit of a limited sliding movement back and forth,which is controlled by means of said set-screw.

Depending from the plate Q, and partially surrounding the cutter P are shields or guards Q Q the latter of which is provided with a horizontal arm, Fig. 2, and indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, which is pivoted at q, and is adapted to swing in the arc of a circleandj'to be adjusted by means of a bolt and nut, (1 which passes through a curved slot, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7 in the plate Q.

The adjustment of the plate Q by means of the screw Q serves to regulate the depth of cut of the cutter P in its action upon the knots of the pole, While the adjustment of the shield Q serves to further modify this action by increasing or decreasing the opening in front of the cutter. Said plate Q has also an oscillatory movement around the axis of the shaft P, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7, as a result of the sleeve P being loosely adjusted, as stated. This play enables the pole to be introduced to the feed-rolls without being brought into a too direct contact with the cutters, the shield Q serving as a guard when in the position indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7 for this purpose.

To enable the knot-cutter to exert a yielding pressure against the pole, and thus conform to the irregularities of the latter, I connect the swinging arm I to the bracket 0 by means of a rod, '1, Fig. 1, one end of which is connected to an eye, 2, on said arm, while the other passes loosely through the bracket 0 and is provided with anut, 2, on its outer end. A spring, T, surrounding said rod, serves to push the cutter against the pole, while said rod limits the swing of the arm toward the saw.

As the hoop comes from the saw, the inside is more or less rough, and it is desirable to plane said side to give it a workman-like finish. This is difficult to accomplish, especially with green hoops and on account of the knots; butI am enabled to secure satisfactory results by combining with a rey'oluble cutter and compression-roll what 1 term a chipbreaker and a spring-compression guard or fender.

The cutter F, Figs. l and 2, is secured to a vertical shaft, F arranged in suitable bearings in the frame, and to which is attached a pulley, F Figs. :2 and 3, which is driven by an independent belt, indicated in dotted lines in the latter figure. The compressionroll F is an idler, which is adapted to be adjusted by means of a wristpin and nut in the slot f, Fig. 1, to regulate the thickness of the hoop.

F F indicate curved arms, one of which is above and the other below the table, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and l. Said arms are connected together by means of bolts f f and sleeves f f, thus constituting a rigid frame, which is pivoted loosely at f to give the opposite end a slight swinging movement,which is limited by means of a s1ot,f Fig. l, in the table A. A springj, Fig. l, and indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1, serves to normally retain said frame in the position shown in Fig. 1. The tension of said spring is regulated by means of a set-screw. (Indicated in dotted lines in said last-named figure.) To the free end of said frame is adjustably attached a knife, having a beveled edge, said knife being arranged to project obliquely into the path of the hook, as shown in Fig. 1, and having its edge in close proximity to the knives of the planer F. Said knife or chip-breaker serves to deflect the hoop against the compression-roll F, and at the same time bears against the splinters upon the inside of the hoop, and thus enables each cut of the planer to be complete and perfect instead of tearing out and stripping portions therefrom, as it would otherwise tend to do.

A bent fender, R, Figs. 1 and 2, rigidly attached to a frame, R, which is constructed similarly to the frame F having one of its arms beneath the table, and which is pivoted at 0", serves to press the hoop against the roll F upon the opposite side from the chipbreaker, and thus causes it to retain at all times the same relative position to the cutters of the planer. Said fender R is held under resilient tension against the hoop by means of a spring, (indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) which bears against the frame R from be.- neath the table, and the tension of which is regulated by means of a set-screw. Near the feed-rolls D D", where the hoop is discharged from the machine, I place a crimping-roll, S, which is an idler adj ustably secured in a slot in the table by means of a nut and wrist-pin, s, Fig. 2. Standing in the direct path of the hoop, as shown, it deflects and bends the inside of said hoop upon the roller D which, being fluted or corrugated, crimps the hoop to any extent desired, according to the position of said roll S. This is of great importance, as otherwise it would be necessary to run the hoops through a separate machine for this purpose.

Having described the various parts of the .machine which coact with each other and with the saw to form a hoop, I will now describe the novel features of said saw and the splitters, which act in conjunction therewith to cut and split the hoop from the pole in the path of the grain of the pole. Said saw substantially as constructed and the coacting splitters constitute the most prominent and essential features of my invention, for without them it would be impracticable to make a 13 I have shown such constructions.

.is necessary to overcomethistendency. I'

accomplish this result by causing each alternate saw-tooth c to be set or bent in a plane of the pole to the same relative degree that the hoop tends to split or run out, thus leaving the hoop of a uniform thickness and comparatively smooth upon the inside. When knots are'encountered, it is desirable to have a direct cutting action. To this end I leave each alternate tooth c inthe plane of the body of the saw.

The body of the saw is preferably provided with clamping-plates 0 0 one of which rests against a shoulder, 0 Figs. 9 and 10, upon the arbor C of the saw, against which it is firmly secured by means of a nut, 0 Between said independent clamping-plates c and the saw, and directly compressing the saw-plate, I prefer to place circular tapered knife-edged disks 0 G which extend to a line so near to the teeth of the saw as to produce a splitting action upon the pole, which is forced against said. splitters by the feed-rolls D D, and prevent splinters from passing between the splitters and the body of the saw. While I prefer to make said splitters in the form of tapering disks, as stated, and independent of the clamping-plates, I do not confine myself to this construction, as it is obvious that said tapering splitters may be made annular in shape and formed upon or secured to the saw-plate. by'

means of rivets 0 Fig. 10; or they may be made integral with the clamping-plates, which form hubs thereon, (seeFig. 9,) or with the clamping-plates and saw, Fig. 14, all of which may be cast in one piece. Instead of making said tapering splitters of the same diameter, the respective diameters of the two are, by preference, varied, as 'shown in Fig. 9. g In case such variation is made the splitter of larger diameter is placed upon the side ofthe saw next to the body of the pole, andboth'of said splitters or disks are slightly concaved upon their inner faces. This concavity, somewhat exaggerated, is shown in Figs. 9 and 15, and serves, when the disks 0 are compressed by the clamps, to impart a slight dish to the saw-plate near the teeth. This form, though scarcely perceptible in appearance, serves to improve the action of the saw and splitters in separating the hoop from thepole. To some extent in practice I have employed stationary guards 0 C Fig. 6, upon the respective sides of the saw, which consist of tapering vertical plates having flanges screwed or bolted to the table, as shown, in which case the disks 0 are notched, as at O C, so that the outer faces of said guards may be in alignment with the taper of the splitters. Said guards tend more or less to relieve the saw from strain; but I do not regard them as essential and have dispensed with them in actual use, as the saw appears to work more freely without them.

In an upright saw the splitters maybe formed upon or riveted to the plate, as shown y rig 11 n ;..b t in heempl ymeew a band-saw it would obviously be impracticable to attach said splitters directly thereto. In such a case they may be made in the form of circular knife-edged disks and rotated upon separate arbors 0 0 Fig. 13, upon opposite sides of the saw, in which case the axes of said arbors should be in planes, as shown, oblique to the plane of the body of the saw.

In Fig. 15 I have shown a sectional view of a saw in which all the teeth are slightlybent in a plane oblique to the plane of the body of the saw in conjunction with tapering splitters of different diameters,.as described. This 0011- struction affords good results, but is inferior to that in which each alternate tooth only is bent.

The operation of said machine is, briefly stated, as follows: As the pole is introduced to the feed-rolls D D, the side from which the hoop is to be cut is brought in operative proximity to the knotrtrimm er, the cutters of which are always in a vertical plane, and the knots are trimmed therefrom. The pole is then brought into contact with the saw and splitters, the latter of which are constantly split ting the pole, and when an obstruction is reached the saw-teeth serve to instantly sever it, so that the hoop is separated from the pole by a succession of splitting and cut-ting actions, and passes on through the other feed- 7 rolls past the planer and crimper, and is finally discharged as a sound hoop of uniform thickness and strength.

I am aware that spreading flanges or deflecting-plates have been placed upon one or both sides of a circular saw in resawing-machines, or in machines for sawing thin boards or veneers, for the purpose of preventing the sawed stuff from coming in contact with the sides of the saw, of preventing friction, and for enlarging or expanding the saw-kerf, and thereby preventing the stuff from binding against the edge of the saw near its teeth, but that such spreading flanges or deflectingplates are too long to follow the crooks in the pole, and do not extend sufficiently near to the teeth of the saw to produce a splitting action on the material being sawed, and I do not claim such.

I am also aware that a band-saw having alternate teeth at an angle to the plane of the body of the saw and intervening teeth in the plane of the body of the saw, the faces of the teeth from the point to the heel being parallel with the back of the saw and the points of the teeth raised from this parallel line or face by swaging, has heretofore been made; but I do not claim such.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A saw having alternate teeth at an angle to the plane of the body of the saw and intervening teeth in the plane of the body of the saw, and tapering splitters, one on each side and extending to near the teeth of the saw, employed in operative connection to cut and split the hoop from the hoop-pole in the path of the grain of the pole, substantially as shown and described.

2. A circular saw having alternate teeth at an angle to the plane of the body of the saw and intervening teeth in the plane of the body of the saw, and splitters tapered to a knife-edge, one on each side and extending to near the teeth of the saw, employed in operative connection to cut and split the hoop from the hoop-pole in the path of the grain of the pole, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a barrel-hoop machine, the combination of a saw having tapering splitters, one on each side and extending near the teeth of the saw to act in conjunction therewith, of a series of feed-rolls mounted upon vertical shafts, a series of gears connected with a common source of power and with each other, and swinging framessuch as H, J K, and L for supporting said shafts and gears, whereby said feed-rolls maybe actuated in unison and a rotary and lateral movement imparted thereto, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, with a circular saw having alternate teeth at an angle to the plane of the body of the saw and intervening teeth in the plane of the body of the saw, of circular tapering splitters of different diameters, one on each side and extending to near the teeth of the saw to operate in conjunction therewith, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination, with a circular saw, of circular concave tapering splitters of differ ent diameters, one on each side and extending to near the teeth of the saw to operate in conjunction therewith, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination of a circular saw, clamping-plates, and annular tapering splitters, one on each side and extending to near the teeth of the saw to operate in conjunction therewith, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a barrel-hoop machine, the combination of a revoluble dressing-knife, an idle compression-roller adjustably mounted opposite to said knife, a chip-breaker located in the path of the hoop near to said knife, a spring for compressing the same against said hoop, and a spring-fender in the path of said hoop upon the opposite side of said roll, whereby the back of the hoop may in its passage be held under resilient tension. against said idlcroller to impart a smooth inner surface and uniform thickness to said hoop, substantially as shown and described.

8. In combination with the table, a standard mounted thereon having rigid brackets, a driving-shaft extending up through said standard, a shaft mounted in the ends of said brackets, laterally-movable arms pivoted on the latter shaft above said brackets, a shaft mounted in the free ends of said arms and carrying a trimmer, pulleys on said shafts, and belts passing around the pulleys, whereby the trimmer may be revolved from said driving-shaft, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, in a hoop-making machine, of the table, thehoopsplitting and cutting saw, the feed-rolls, the rotary knot-trimmer, and front and rear guards for the latter supported on a sliding plate and adjustable to and from the work, substantially as set forth.

11. In combination with a knot-trimmer, its shaft and supportingarm, a tubular bearing on said shaft, a thimble, swivel-connection between said bearing and thimble, and a shield nearly surrounding the trimmer and depending from said thimble, substantially as set forth.

12. In combination with a knotrtrimmer, its shaft and supporting-arm, a sleeve or thimble surrounding and having swivel-connection with said shaft, an outwardly-projecting flange 011 said sleeve provided with a perforated lug, an operating device working in said perforations, and a shield for the knot-trimmer depending from said plate and adjusted to and from the trimmer by said operating device, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination of a table and saw mounted thereon, a feed-roller at the front edge thereof, a shaft carrying said roller and mounted in a pivoted bracket, a weighted lever connected to said bracket, and a treadle for lifting said lever, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification, in the presence of two subscrib- 45 ing witnesses, this 8th day of March, 1888.

. EMIL OLUND.

Witnesses:

D. H. FLETCHER, J. B. HALPENNY.

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