US3922741A - Composite swim fins - Google Patents

Composite swim fins Download PDF

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Publication number
US3922741A
US3922741A US431693A US43169374A US3922741A US 3922741 A US3922741 A US 3922741A US 431693 A US431693 A US 431693A US 43169374 A US43169374 A US 43169374A US 3922741 A US3922741 A US 3922741A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
shoe
scoop
scoop member
sole
side webs
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US431693A
Inventor
Roberto Semeia
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HTM Sport SpA
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AMF Mares Sub SpA
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Publication of US3922741A publication Critical patent/US3922741A/en
Assigned to SUMITOMO BANK, LIMITED, THE, A COMPANY OF JAPAN reassignment SUMITOMO BANK, LIMITED, THE, A COMPANY OF JAPAN ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: AMF MARES S.P.A., AN ITALIAN CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to HTM SPORT S.P.A. reassignment HTM SPORT S.P.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SUMITOMO BANK, LIMITED, THE
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B31/00—Swimming aids
    • A63B31/08—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs
    • A63B31/10—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet
    • A63B31/11—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B31/00—Swimming aids
    • A63B31/08—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs
    • A63B31/10—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet
    • A63B31/11—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet
    • A63B2031/112—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet with means facilitating walking, e.g. rectractable, detachable or pivotable blades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to swim fins of the kind comprising a shoe portion and a scoop portionintegr'al therewith. It is known that in order to achieve the best propulsionres ults in a swim fin it is necessary that the scoop portion be relatively rigid and elastic, whilst the shoe portion should have a certain flexibility and pliability in order that it may adapt itself to the foot without exerting any kind of abrasive friction on the foot.
  • a composite swim fin of the kind disclosed in the above mentioned Patent is difficult to be produced due to the difficulty of providing it with the complementary coupling means; it requires a subsequent assembly step of the two parts of the fin, and is therefore costly.
  • a swim fin comprising a scoop member made from a relatively stiff plastics material, and a shoe member made from a relatively soft synthetic elastomer, the said shoe member being moulded directly on the said scoop member, the said scoop member being provided at the junction areas with the shoe member with projections, recesses and/or through passages for providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member being moulded on it.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a swim fin according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rear portion of the scoop member of the swim fin according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the rear portion of the scoop member of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the particular of one of the side webs of the rear end of the scoop member.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical sections taken along the lines V-V and VIVI of FIG. 2, before the moulding of the shoe member on the scoop member.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 are vertical sections corresponding to FIGS. 5 and 6, after the moulding of the shoe member on the scoop member of the swim fin.
  • the swim fin shown in FIG. 1 comprises a scoop portion 1, made from relatively stiff plastics material, and
  • shoe portion 2 made from a relatively soft rubberlike material, and particularly from a mixture of a copolymer ofethylene-vinylacetate and thermoplastic rubber, which shoe portion is moulded, for instance by an injection moulding process, on the previously formed scoop portion, so as firmly adhere to it.
  • the shoe portion is provided, at the toe end with an aperture for the passage of the toes, whilst at the heel end it is provided with a pull-on strap 3.
  • the rear end portion 4 of the scoop member 1 is formed as a sole for the shoe member 2, and extends for about the half of the length of this member.
  • the rear edge 6 of the terminal portion 4 of the scoop member 1 is V shaped, as clearly shown in FIG. 3.
  • the scoop member 1 is further provided with longitudinally extending side webs 5, the height of which is increasing toward the rear end of the scoop member.
  • the side webs 5 extend upwardly from the terminal portion 4 of the scoop member 1, so as to laterally surround the shoe member 2, to which they become firmly bonded during the moulding of the shoe member 2 on the scoop member 1.
  • a recess 7 is formed at the front zone of the rear portion 4 of the scoop member 1 .
  • a number of upwardly projecting pin-like members 8 are integrally formed.
  • the moulded shoe material penetrates the recess 7, whilst the projections 8 are embedded into the material of the shoe member. In this manner, in addition to the welded bond between the scoop member and the moulded shoe member, an additional mechanical bond is provided between the said parts.
  • the side webs 5 of the scoop member 1 are provided at their upper end with an inwardly projecting rim 9.
  • the upper comer portion 10 of the side webs 5 is stepped down, and at this corner an oblique opening 11 is formed in the side webs 5.
  • a vertical boring 12 is formed through the rim 9, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • the shoe member is moulded on the scoop member 1 in such a manner as to rest under the rim 9, and to cover the stepped-down comer portion 10 of the side webs 5.
  • the material of the shoe portion 2 fills the lateral openings 11 and the vertical borings 12, as clearly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this manner at the corner portions 10 of the side webs 5 a particularly firm bond between the scoop member and the shoe member is obtained.
  • the rear portion of the shoe member, which freely projects from the scoop member 1 joins laterally and at its bottom flush with the scoop member 1.
  • the said shoe member may be moulded on the scoop member so as to partially overlap the scoop member at the junction edges.
  • a swim fin comprising a scoop member made from a relatively stiff plastic material molded to a shoe member made from a relatively soft synthetic elastomer, said scoop member having two side webs laterally surrounding at least the fore end of the shoe member, the upper edge of each side web having an inwardly extending rim, said side webs having at least one side opening and at least one vertical bore passing through the side webs upper rim through which the molded shoe material on the outer surface of the shoe side wall penetrates, said scoop member having a planar portion the projections thereon are embedded into said lower surface of the shoe sole, thereby providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member.
  • a swim fin according to claim 1 in which the shoe member is moulded on the scoop member so as to partially overlap the scoop member at the junction edges.

Abstract

A swim fin including a scoop member made from a stiff plastic material molded to a shoe member made from a soft synthetic elastomer, the scoop member having a planar portion forming a half-sole for the shoe; projections, recesses and apertures being formed on the scoop member for providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member.

Description

Unlted States Patent 1 [1 11 3,922,741
Semeia 1 Dec. 2, 1975 [54] COMPOSITE SWIM FINS 3,302,223 2/l967 Ciccotelli 9/309 3,344,449 10/1967 Grilli 9/309 [751 Invent: Rapano, Italy 3,522,345 7/1970 Bent-eve Olsen 425/129 5 [73] Assignee: AMF Mares Sub S.p.A., Rapallo,
Italy Primary ExaminerTrygve M. Blix [22] Filed: Jan. 9, 1974 Assistant Examiner-Charles E. Frankfort Attorney, Agent, or Firm.lames G. OBoyle [21] Appl. No.: 431,693
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data [57] ABSTRACT Jan. 9, 1973 Italy 12405/73 A swim fin including a scoop member made from a stiff plastic material molded to a shoe member made [52] US. Cl 9/309; 425/129 from a 50ft ynthetic elastomer, the scoop member [51] Int. GL2 A63B 31/10 having a planar portion forming a half-sole for the Field of Search 9/ shoe; projections, recesses and apertures being formed 425/129 5 on the scoop member for providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the [56] References Cited shoe member.
UNITED STATES PATENTS Ferraro 9/309 2 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures Sheet 1 of4 US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 2 of 4 3,922,741
U.S. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet 3 Of4 3,922,741
US. Patent Dec. 2, 1975 Sheet4 of4 3,922,741 v fcoMrosnE SWIM FINUS' BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to swim fins of the kind comprisinga shoe portion and a scoop portionintegr'al therewith. It is known that in order to achieve the best propulsionres ults in a swim fin it is necessary that the scoop portion be relatively rigid and elastic, whilst the shoe portion should have a certain flexibility and pliability in order that it may adapt itself to the foot without exerting any kind of abrasive friction on the foot.
These different requirements cannot be satisfied by manufacturing the shoe and scoop portions of the swin fin of the same material.
It has been proposed, as shown for instance from the US. Pat. No. 3,302,222, to produce separately the shoe portion and the scoop portion from different materials, providing the said portions with complementary coupling means for interconnecting the said portions.
A composite swim fin of the kind disclosed in the above mentioned Patent is difficult to be produced due to the difficulty of providing it with the complementary coupling means; it requires a subsequent assembly step of the two parts of the fin, and is therefore costly.
It is therefore the main object of the present invention to obviate to the drawbacks of the prior art fins of the kind comprising a shoe portion made of a material different from that of the scoop portion.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the invention, a swim fin is provided comprising a scoop member made from a relatively stiff plastics material, and a shoe member made from a relatively soft synthetic elastomer, the said shoe member being moulded directly on the said scoop member, the said scoop member being provided at the junction areas with the shoe member with projections, recesses and/or through passages for providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member being moulded on it.
Further features and advantages of the swim fin of the invention will be disclosed in the detailed description thereof which is given hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying drawings showing a preferred embodiment of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a swim fin according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rear portion of the scoop member of the swim fin according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the rear portion of the scoop member of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the particular of one of the side webs of the rear end of the scoop member.
FIGS. 5 and 6 are vertical sections taken along the lines V-V and VIVI of FIG. 2, before the moulding of the shoe member on the scoop member.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are vertical sections corresponding to FIGS. 5 and 6, after the moulding of the shoe member on the scoop member of the swim fin.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The swim fin shown in FIG. 1 comprises a scoop portion 1, made from relatively stiff plastics material, and
forinstance from Ethylene-Vinylacetate copolimer and a shoe portion 2 made from a relatively soft rubberlike material, and particularly from a mixture of a copolymer ofethylene-vinylacetate and thermoplastic rubber, which shoe portion is moulded, for instance by an injection moulding process, on the previously formed scoop portion, so as firmly adhere to it.
The shoe portion isprovided, at the toe end with an aperture for the passage of the toes, whilst at the heel end it is provided with a pull-on strap 3.
The rear end portion 4 of the scoop member 1 is formed as a sole for the shoe member 2, and extends for about the half of the length of this member. The rear edge 6 of the terminal portion 4 of the scoop member 1 is V shaped, as clearly shown in FIG. 3. The scoop member 1 is further provided with longitudinally extending side webs 5, the height of which is increasing toward the rear end of the scoop member. In the rear portion of the scoop member 1, the side webs 5 extend upwardly from the terminal portion 4 of the scoop member 1, so as to laterally surround the shoe member 2, to which they become firmly bonded during the moulding of the shoe member 2 on the scoop member 1.
At the front zone of the rear portion 4 of the scoop member 1 a recess 7 is formed. At the rear edge 6 of the scoop member 1 a number of upwardly projecting pin-like members 8 are integrally formed. During the moulding of the shoe member 2, the moulded shoe material penetrates the recess 7, whilst the projections 8 are embedded into the material of the shoe member. In this manner, in addition to the welded bond between the scoop member and the moulded shoe member, an additional mechanical bond is provided between the said parts.
The side webs 5 of the scoop member 1 are provided at their upper end with an inwardly projecting rim 9. The upper comer portion 10 of the side webs 5 is stepped down, and at this corner an oblique opening 11 is formed in the side webs 5. At a position slightly in advance of the said opening 11, a vertical boring 12 is formed through the rim 9, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.
The shoe member is moulded on the scoop member 1 in such a manner as to rest under the rim 9, and to cover the stepped-down comer portion 10 of the side webs 5. The material of the shoe portion 2 fills the lateral openings 11 and the vertical borings 12, as clearly shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this manner at the corner portions 10 of the side webs 5 a particularly firm bond between the scoop member and the shoe member is obtained. The rear portion of the shoe member, which freely projects from the scoop member 1 joins laterally and at its bottom flush with the scoop member 1. Of course, the said shoe member may be moulded on the scoop member so as to partially overlap the scoop member at the junction edges.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. A swim fin comprising a scoop member made from a relatively stiff plastic material molded to a shoe member made from a relatively soft synthetic elastomer, said scoop member having two side webs laterally surrounding at least the fore end of the shoe member, the upper edge of each side web having an inwardly extending rim, said side webs having at least one side opening and at least one vertical bore passing through the side webs upper rim through which the molded shoe material on the outer surface of the shoe side wall penetrates, said scoop member having a planar portion the projections thereon are embedded into said lower surface of the shoe sole, thereby providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member.
2. A swim fin according to claim 1, in which the shoe member is moulded on the scoop member so as to partially overlap the scoop member at the junction edges.

Claims (2)

1. A swim fin comprising a scoop member made from a relatively stiff plastic material molded to a shoe member made from a relatively soft synthetic elastomer, said scoop member having two side webs laterally surrounding at least the fore end of the shoe member, the upper edge of each side web having an inwardly extending rim, said side webs having at least one side opening and at least one vertical bore passing through the side webs'' upper rim through which the molded shoe material on the outer surface of the shoe side wall penetrates, said scoop member having a planar portion coextensive with and extending substantially longitudinally of the front sole portion of the shoe member and extending laterally between the side webs to thereby form a half-sole portion for the shoe member, said planar portion of the scoop member having recesses and projections in its upper surface engaging the lower surface of the shoe sole, whereby the molded shoe material on the lower surface of the shoe sole penetrates the recesses on the sole portion of the scoop member, and the projections thereon are embedded into said lower surface of The shoe sole, thereby providing an additional mechanical bond between the scoop member and the shoe member.
2. A swim fin according to claim 1, in which the shoe member is moulded on the scoop member so as to partially overlap the scoop member at the junction edges.
US431693A 1973-01-09 1974-01-09 Composite swim fins Expired - Lifetime US3922741A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT12405/73A IT976563B (en) 1973-01-09 1973-01-09 NATATORY FIN AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD

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US3922741A true US3922741A (en) 1975-12-02

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JP (1) JPS51102895A (en)
DE (1) DE2363446C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2213072B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1435441A (en)
IT (1) IT976563B (en)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4887985A (en) * 1984-05-03 1989-12-19 Amf Incorporated Swim fin provided with a self-shaping, fluid flow conveying and controlling canal-like member
US4954111A (en) * 1987-11-30 1990-09-04 Cressi-Sub S.P.A. Swimming flipper made of two different materials
US4954112A (en) * 1989-03-30 1990-09-04 Giovanni Negrini Flipper for flipper swimming
US5163859A (en) * 1990-01-12 1992-11-17 Technisub S.P.A. Swimming flipper with a composite blade and a method for its manufacture
US5266062A (en) * 1992-07-28 1993-11-30 John L. Runckel Trust Amphibious footwear
US5273469A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-12-28 Lueschen Jeffrey D Composite swim fin with cantilevered heel
US5290194A (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-03-01 Kransco Swim fin with differential stiffness characteristics
US5387145A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-02-07 Wagner; John L. Swim fins
AU664744B2 (en) * 1992-04-23 1995-11-30 Roger Ours Flipper device, particularly for nautical sports, and method for fabricating such device
US5522748A (en) * 1994-07-01 1996-06-04 Cressi Sub S.P.A. Flipper for swimming and production method
US5588890A (en) * 1994-05-20 1996-12-31 Htm Sport S.P.A. Swimming fin
WO1997018014A1 (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Dacor Corporation Multi-part diving fin
US5702277A (en) * 1993-07-07 1997-12-30 Wagner; John Lee High performance swim fin
US5746631A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-05-05 Mccarthy; Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6095879A (en) * 1998-05-14 2000-08-01 Mccarthy; Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6322412B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2001-11-27 Htm Sport S.P.A. Swimming flipper with interchangeable blade
US20020025744A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-02-28 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US6371821B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-04-16 Nature's Wing Fin Designs, Llc High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6482059B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-11-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US20040029465A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-02-12 Landel Technology, Inc. Swim training fin
US6884134B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2005-04-26 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US8641464B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2014-02-04 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Flippers, boots, systems including same, and methods of using same
US9364717B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-06-14 Kathleen Davis Swimming fin
US9440114B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Boot sole system and fin for same
US10058738B1 (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-08-28 Ching-Wen Wang Swimming equipment improvement
US10675508B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2020-06-09 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Coupleable fin apparatuses and boot toe bodies

Families Citing this family (5)

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JPS5422800U (en) * 1977-07-16 1979-02-14
JPH0653458B2 (en) * 1986-07-30 1994-07-20 日産自動車株式会社 Automotive weather strip
FR2705245B1 (en) * 1993-05-13 1995-12-08 Promar Sarl Swimming fins.
FR2705578B1 (en) * 1993-05-25 1995-08-18 Alba Conseil Tri-material palm with composite blade.
US6758708B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-07-06 Johnson Outdoors Inc. Swim fin with energy storage and release system for improved angle of attack and water flow characteristics

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US3302223A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-02-07 Ciccotelli Stephen Samuel Swim-fin
US3302222A (en) * 1963-12-05 1967-02-07 Ferraro Luigi Swimming flipper
US3344449A (en) * 1966-06-10 1967-10-03 Grilli Chloe Swimming device of mermaid shape
US3522345A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-07-28 Bent Ove Olsen Premade heel unit for shoes and a method of making the same

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DE7030856U (en) * 1969-08-19 1970-12-10 Ravera Enrico FLOAT RIB.

Patent Citations (4)

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US3302222A (en) * 1963-12-05 1967-02-07 Ferraro Luigi Swimming flipper
US3302223A (en) * 1965-03-26 1967-02-07 Ciccotelli Stephen Samuel Swim-fin
US3344449A (en) * 1966-06-10 1967-10-03 Grilli Chloe Swimming device of mermaid shape
US3522345A (en) * 1967-10-23 1970-07-28 Bent Ove Olsen Premade heel unit for shoes and a method of making the same

Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4887985A (en) * 1984-05-03 1989-12-19 Amf Incorporated Swim fin provided with a self-shaping, fluid flow conveying and controlling canal-like member
US4954111A (en) * 1987-11-30 1990-09-04 Cressi-Sub S.P.A. Swimming flipper made of two different materials
US4954112A (en) * 1989-03-30 1990-09-04 Giovanni Negrini Flipper for flipper swimming
US5163859A (en) * 1990-01-12 1992-11-17 Technisub S.P.A. Swimming flipper with a composite blade and a method for its manufacture
US5273469A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-12-28 Lueschen Jeffrey D Composite swim fin with cantilevered heel
US5595518A (en) * 1992-04-23 1997-01-21 Ours; Roger Fin device, in particular for water sports, and method of manufacture of such a device
AU664744B2 (en) * 1992-04-23 1995-11-30 Roger Ours Flipper device, particularly for nautical sports, and method for fabricating such device
US5266062A (en) * 1992-07-28 1993-11-30 John L. Runckel Trust Amphibious footwear
US5290194A (en) * 1993-04-16 1994-03-01 Kransco Swim fin with differential stiffness characteristics
US5387145A (en) * 1993-07-07 1995-02-07 Wagner; John L. Swim fins
US5702277A (en) * 1993-07-07 1997-12-30 Wagner; John Lee High performance swim fin
US5588890A (en) * 1994-05-20 1996-12-31 Htm Sport S.P.A. Swimming fin
US5522748A (en) * 1994-07-01 1996-06-04 Cressi Sub S.P.A. Flipper for swimming and production method
WO1997018014A1 (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-05-22 Dacor Corporation Multi-part diving fin
US5683279A (en) * 1995-11-16 1997-11-04 Dacor Corporation Multi-part diving fin
US6497597B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-12-24 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US5746631A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-05-05 Mccarthy; Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US7101240B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2006-09-05 Mccarthy Peter T High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6146224A (en) * 1996-01-11 2000-11-14 Mccarthy; Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6719599B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2004-04-13 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6607411B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2003-08-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6371821B1 (en) 1996-01-11 2002-04-16 Nature's Wing Fin Designs, Llc High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6585548B2 (en) 1996-01-11 2003-07-01 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6482059B2 (en) 1997-05-09 2002-11-19 Mccarthy Peter T. High efficiency hydrofoil and swim fin designs
US6095879A (en) * 1998-05-14 2000-08-01 Mccarthy; Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7465205B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2008-12-16 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6712656B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2004-03-30 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6843693B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2005-01-18 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US6918805B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2005-07-19 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7581997B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2009-09-01 Mccarthy Peter T Method for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US7018256B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2006-03-28 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US6413133B1 (en) 1998-05-14 2002-07-02 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US20020025744A1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2002-02-28 Mccarthy Peter T. Methods for creating large scale focused blade deflections
US7862395B2 (en) 1998-05-14 2011-01-04 Mccarthy Peter T Methods for creating consistent large scale blade deflections
US6322412B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2001-11-27 Htm Sport S.P.A. Swimming flipper with interchangeable blade
US7601041B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2009-10-13 Mccarthy Peter T High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US6884134B2 (en) 2002-07-19 2005-04-26 Mccarthy Peter T. High deflection hydrofoils and swim fins
US20040029465A1 (en) * 2002-08-06 2004-02-12 Landel Technology, Inc. Swim training fin
US6979241B2 (en) * 2002-08-06 2005-12-27 Zoomers Swim training fin
US8641464B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2014-02-04 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Flippers, boots, systems including same, and methods of using same
US9737762B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2017-08-22 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Flippers, boots, systems including same, and methods of using same
US10112079B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2018-10-30 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Flippers, boots, systems including same, and methods of using same
US10675508B2 (en) 2010-04-08 2020-06-09 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Coupleable fin apparatuses and boot toe bodies
US9440114B2 (en) 2012-10-12 2016-09-13 Cetatek Holdings Inc. Boot sole system and fin for same
US9364717B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-06-14 Kathleen Davis Swimming fin
US10058738B1 (en) * 2017-10-27 2018-08-28 Ching-Wen Wang Swimming equipment improvement

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Publication number Publication date
JPS51102895A (en) 1976-09-10
FR2213072A1 (en) 1974-08-02
IT976563B (en) 1974-09-10
FR2213072B1 (en) 1976-06-25
DE2363446C2 (en) 1986-06-12
DE2363446A1 (en) 1974-07-11
JPS535000B2 (en) 1978-02-22
GB1435441A (en) 1976-05-12

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