Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
  • D06M11/59—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with ammonia; with complexes of organic amines with inorganic substances
  • D06M11/61—Liquid ammonia
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
  • Y10S8/924—Polyamide fiber

Definitions

• This invention relates to processes for treating natural polyamides in particular polypeptides.
• the present invention will be specifically described in relation to treating polypeptides althoughit can be used for treating natural polyamides.
• the removal of the ammonia is effected using water or steam.
• the lengths of the fibres or of the weave are greater than their initial lengths. This corresponds to an increase in the metric count or size in the case of a fibre.
• the fibres are provided with an improved lustre and smoothness and they become more compact and more resistant. Their elasticity practically disappears and their stability is improved.
• a process for improving the textile properties of natural polyamide fibres which process comprises contacting the fibres with liquid ammonia at a temperature and for a time whereby their textile properties are improved.
• a process for improving the textile properties of polypeptide fibres which process comprises contacting the fibres with liquid ammonia at a temperature and for a time whereby their textile properties are improved.
• the prese nt invention can be used with advantage for the treatment of wool.
• the improved properties of the natural polyamide fibres after treatment are unexpect ed because natural polyamide fibres have a structure which is totally different from the polysaccaride structure ,of, cellulosic fibres.
• Natural polyamide fibres may, for example, be in the form of a flock, threads,-finished articles, woven or knitted materials, or any other form.
• the process may, for example, be effected by impregnation, or by immersion of the fibres in a bath of liquid ammonia maintained at, .33C at atmospheric pressure.
• the treatment may also be effected ata temperature above -33C (the boiling temperature of ammonia at atmospheric pressure)but at an elevated pressure, for example-6 atmospheres at C.
• the ammonia for the treatment can include a'diluent, a dressing agent, a softening agent, a dye, etc.
• the process can be effected continuously or discontinuously and, it can be adapted toproduc'e preferred characteristics and properties in the treated fibres. ltiis generally easy to untangle wool or other polypeptide fibres after reaction with liquid ammonia. Drying at a temperature above the boiling point of liquid ammonia is generally sufficient.
• Improvements in the properties of the fibre characteristics are generally only permanent if the contacting with liquid ammonia is effected for more than a certain time, which usually depends on the operating conditions. If the contacting is effected, for example at -33C, and at atmospheric pressure, the lower limit is of the order of 1 minute.
• the feel of the fibres and articles after treatment is generally firmer as the length of treatment is increased, so that the dynamometric resistanceand the elasticity of the fibres or articles noticeably increase as a function of the length of treatment. However, they remain unchanged beyond an upper limit. This limit depends on the material being treated and onthe process conditions. It is usually, for example, of the order of 40 minutes for a treatment at -33C at atmospheric pressure. Finally, the process can increase the dye affinity of the fibres, whatever the form of product.
• the polypeptide is in the form, for example, of filaments or finished articles, and the desired effect is an increase in elasticity or crimp, it is generally preferred that no tension be applied to the fibres during the treatment. Indeed, it is preferred to allow a relaxation of the filaments or finished articles to occur. It is also preferred that the filaments or the finished articles, weaves or knitted materials, be continuously moved during their treatment with ammonia, and that their speeds of entry into the apparatus or treatment bath is above their exit speed.
• the filaments and finished articles generally have a bulky appearance and a considerable resilience. Furthermore, the treatment improves the unfelting of the articles as well as their resistance to shrinkage on washing.
• the method in accordance with the invention can also be used for mixtures of fibres.
• Modifications of the properties of polypeptide fibres by using liquid ammonia are more or less permanent, after elimination of treatment liquid according to the duration of the treatment.
• ammonia has a preferential action on the orthocortex of the fibres and results in a differentiation between the orthocortex and the paracortex, thereby producing the improved properties.
• EXAMPLE I a. Estimation of dimentional changes '4.
• Contraction 1 1 area 15.7% 4.8% 20.5 sample stitch direction 1.8% 1.1% 0.7%
• Non-treated Treated Variation 71 30 Weight (g/m") 310 450 45.1 Resistance to breakage (lbs/ 82 82 EXAMPLE 2: Abrasion resistance (number of rubs) 15,000 33,000 120 Unbleached combed ribbon. Elasticity w n 54 43 20.4 2 (/c) courses 58 42 27.6 A Non treated Extensibility (/c) wales 7 4 42.9 B: Treated for 60 minutes 70 courses 5 4 200 a. Contraction Sample Equivalent properties can be obtained by treating :A: 19.5 g/m other polypeptide fibres such as mohair or rabbit hair. :B: 29.5 g/m Iclaim:
• Non-treated unbleached 1 A process for improving the properties of textiles consisting essentially of natural polyamide fibres, which process comprises contacting the fibres with liquid ammonia at a temperature and for a time whereby their textile properties are improved.
• fibres are in the form of a wad, a thread, or a woven or knitted material.
• a process according to claim 1, wherein the contacting with ammonia is efi'ected at about 3 3C at atmospheric pressure for at least 1 minute.
• fibres are in the form of filaments, or woven or knitted materials and the contacting is effected without stretching of the fibres.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9095187

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (26)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (5)

• 1972
  • 1972-03-14 FR FR7208875A patent/FR2175582B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1973
  • 1973-03-05 CH CH317373D patent/CH317373A4/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-05 CH CH317373A patent/CH556427A/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-07 OA OA54849A patent/OA04344A/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-07 IE IE370/73A patent/IE37381B1/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-07 CA CA166,576A patent/CA1001362A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-08 BE BE128547A patent/BE796480A/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-08 GB GB1128173A patent/GB1372825A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-10 DE DE2312124A patent/DE2312124C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-12 AT AT215273A patent/AT337648B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1973-03-12 IL IL41751A patent/IL41751A/en unknown
  • 1973-03-13 EG EG91/73A patent/EG10808A/xx active
  • 1973-03-13 BR BR731778A patent/BR7301778D0/pt unknown
  • 1973-03-13 SU SU1893670A patent/SU486515A3/ru active
  • 1973-03-13 LU LU67205A patent/LU67205A1/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-13 AU AU53232/73A patent/AU472133B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-13 SE SE7303482A patent/SE393411B/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-13 IN IN549/CAL/73A patent/IN139564B/en unknown
  • 1973-03-13 IT IT67693/73A patent/IT980563B/it active
  • 1973-03-13 DK DK136573AA patent/DK135634B/da unknown
  • 1973-03-14 ZA ZA731779A patent/ZA731779B/xx unknown
  • 1973-03-14 ES ES412610A patent/ES412610A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-14 JP JP48029105A patent/JPS5134515B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1973-03-14 US US341291A patent/US3905763A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1973-03-14 NL NL737303586A patent/NL153957B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1973-03-14 AR AR247054A patent/AR196755A1/es active
  • 1973-03-14 TR TR17316A patent/TR17316A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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