US3892101A - Method of anchoring an anchoring bolt in a bore hole - Google Patents

Method of anchoring an anchoring bolt in a bore hole Download PDF

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Publication number
US3892101A
US3892101A US373189A US37318973A US3892101A US 3892101 A US3892101 A US 3892101A US 373189 A US373189 A US 373189A US 37318973 A US37318973 A US 37318973A US 3892101 A US3892101 A US 3892101A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bore hole
container
anchor
cement mortar
bolt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US373189A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rudolf Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gd Anker & Co KG GmbH
Gd-Anker Gebirgs-Duebel-Anker & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Gd Anker & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gd Anker & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Gd Anker & Co KG GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3892101A publication Critical patent/US3892101A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
    • C04B40/0666—Chemical plugs based on hydraulic hardening materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
    • F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
    • F16B13/143—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components
    • F16B13/144—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components characterised by the shape or configuration or material of the frangible cartridges or capsules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/14—Non-metallic plugs or sleeves; Use of liquid, loose solid or kneadable material therefor
    • F16B13/141—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material
    • F16B13/143—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components
    • F16B13/145—Fixing plugs in holes by the use of settable material using frangible cartridges or capsules containing the setting components characterised by the composition of the setting agents contained in the frangible cartridges or capsules

Definitions

  • Such anchor bolts are used primarily in the construction of tunnels or galleries, but they are also used in above-ground construction. In gallery construction they have the object of preventing the falling of rock, in place of temporary timbering, until the final walling of the tunnel or gallery.
  • anchor bolts which are made of profiled steel, for instance twistedrib steel, are driven in. Anchor plates are placed over the ends of the bolts which extend out of the bore holes and are pressed by nuts against the rock, the projecting nuts being screwed onto threads provided on the ends of the bolts.
  • Such anchor bolts are referred to as nonpre-stressed anchors.
  • increasing in popularity are pre-stressed anchor bolts whose heads are anchored in the bore holes, so that they can be stressed by tightening the nuts which rest against the anchor plates.
  • the sleeve makes possible the use of cement mortar of low water content, the setting time of the mortar is nevertheless so long that the anchor can be subjected to load only 8 to 10 hours later. Prestressing of the anchor bolt is not possible with this manner of operation.
  • the invention is with cement mortar and at the same time with the rapid-setting agent in a container is deposited in the bottom of the bore hole, the vessel being destroyed in known manner by the pushing in of the anchor bolt.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to use a single type of mortar and furthermore a normal setting cement mortar which can be worked for a long time. Therefore, a large number of bore holes can be filled with the mortar one after the other since there is no danger of early hardening as long as the container containing the fast-setting addition has not been destroyed. The anchor bolts are thus driven one after the other into the bore holes.
  • the fast-setting additive passes through the cement mortar which rapidly sets in the vicinity of the head end of the bolt, so that the bolt can be stressed a short time after it has been driven in.
  • the setting time can be substantially controlled by the selection of the chemical composition of different fast-setting agents.
  • the cement mortar is introduced into the bore hole througha hose under the action of pressure.
  • the container can be driven into the bore hole by the cement mortar which is injected under pressure.
  • the container is made cylindrical and its outside diameter is somewhat smaller than the inside diameter of the injection hose. It is pushed into the free end of the mortar hose and brought with the latter into the end of the bore hole. The mortar forced into the hose presses the container out of the hose and embeds it during the further filling of the bore hole.
  • the vessel may be made of glass or any other material which can be readily be destroyed by the anchor bolt.
  • the container in addition to having the fastsetting addition also contains balls of ceramic, plastic or the like or fine stone chips as rigid displacement members.
  • the rapid-setting addition wets the mortar, the mixing being promoted by the displacement and shifting of the mortar effected by the anchor and the balls.
  • the material of which the balls is made is of no importance, but it is advisable for the balls to be hard and resistant.
  • the anchor bolt is then wedged against the bore hole wall by the balls, as a result of which its anchoring is further increased.
  • the driving in of the anchor bolt is not impaired by the balls, since they can roll away between the anchor and the wall of the bore hole if, in accordance with another feature of the invention, the diameter of the balls corresponds at most to the difference between the radius of the bore hole and the radius of the anchor head.
  • the size of the balls therefore depends on the diameter of the bore hole.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section through a bore hole just before the driving in of the anchor
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a fastened anchor.
  • the vessel 3 is introduced into the bore hole 1 at the same time as the introduction of the cement mortar 2.
  • the vessel is located at the bottom of the bore hole and contains, in addition to the fast-binding agent 4, also balls 5 which, upon the driving in of the anchor 6, serve for the mixing of cement mortar 2 and fast-setting agent 4. If the anchor 6 is now driven into the bore bole, shortly before reaching its end position, it will crush the vessel 3, the fast-setting agent 4 will emerge and, due to the good mixing effected by the balls 5 which are displaced by the anchor bolt, will become effective very rapidly.
  • FIG. 2 shows the fastened anchor in cross section.
  • the rapidly solidified zone of the fast-setting 7 the balls 5 assuring additional holding power. Adjoining this is the region of the normal mortar mixture 2. It is essential for this region of the anchor and bore hole to be filled completely, since only then is there obtained a retaining force (lines of force 8) on the rock over the entire length of the pre-stressed anchor.
  • an anchor plate 9 and a nut l. on the threaded shank of the anchor bolt are used, in known manner.
  • a method of anchoring an anchor bolt having a pointed end in a bore hole having a bottom comprising the steps of:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Rock Bolts (AREA)
US373189A 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Method of anchoring an anchoring bolt in a bore hole Expired - Lifetime US3892101A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT547372A AT315108B (de) 1972-06-26 1972-06-26 Verfahren bzw. Ankerausbau zum Verankern eines Ankerbolzens in einem Bohrloch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3892101A true US3892101A (en) 1975-07-01

Family

ID=3576182

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US373189A Expired - Lifetime US3892101A (en) 1972-06-26 1973-06-25 Method of anchoring an anchoring bolt in a bore hole

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3892101A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
JP (1) JPS5423497B2 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
AT (1) AT315108B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
BR (1) BR7304665D0 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
CA (1) CA1009433A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
CH (1) CH564144A5 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
DE (1) DE2330801A1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
FR (1) FR2191018B1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
IT (1) IT989425B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
SE (1) SE395504B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
YU (1) YU36060B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)
ZA (1) ZA734311B (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4179861A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-12-25 Fosroc A.G. Method of anchoring a borehole anchor
US4236849A (en) * 1976-09-15 1980-12-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Method of grouting a drill hole
US5127769A (en) * 1991-07-22 1992-07-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Thrust bolting: roof bolt support apparatus
US5730557A (en) * 1995-03-21 1998-03-24 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Mortar mixture unit for chemical attachment of anchoring means in boreholes
US6176638B1 (en) * 1995-02-14 2001-01-23 Roger C. Kellison Chemically bonded anchor systems
CN109854285A (zh) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 一种深立井支护结构和施工方法
CN115075608A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-20 北京建工四建工程建设有限公司 一种钢筋混凝土基础梁加大截面机械连接的植筋方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5821080B2 (ja) * 1974-08-28 1983-04-27 岡部株式会社 ロツクボルトノセコウホウ
AU542884B2 (en) * 1980-07-31 1985-03-21 Dipl.Ing. Dr. Mont. Franz Powondra Resilient yieldable device
FI831423L (fi) * 1983-04-26 1984-10-27 Tampella Oy Ab Foerfarande och apparat foer utfoerande av loedbultning.
DE3735592A1 (de) * 1987-10-21 1989-05-11 Hilti Ag Verfahren zur befestigung von ankerstangen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849866A (en) * 1952-10-18 1958-09-02 Flygare Adolf Fredrik Roof-bolting
US2930199A (en) * 1955-03-24 1960-03-29 Jarund Harry Sigurd Valdemar Method of anchoring bolts
US2952129A (en) * 1958-01-09 1960-09-13 Joseph B Dempsey Mine roof bolt installation
US3283513A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-11-08 Thomas W Kierans Process of mounting elongated members in drill holes
US3324662A (en) * 1963-10-21 1967-06-13 American Cyanamid Co Valved rock bolt
US3541797A (en) * 1967-08-29 1970-11-24 African Explosives & Chem Apparatus for loading boreholes
US3618326A (en) * 1969-10-24 1971-11-09 American Cyanamid Co Resin anchored reinforced brittle structures

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849866A (en) * 1952-10-18 1958-09-02 Flygare Adolf Fredrik Roof-bolting
US2930199A (en) * 1955-03-24 1960-03-29 Jarund Harry Sigurd Valdemar Method of anchoring bolts
US2952129A (en) * 1958-01-09 1960-09-13 Joseph B Dempsey Mine roof bolt installation
US3324662A (en) * 1963-10-21 1967-06-13 American Cyanamid Co Valved rock bolt
US3283513A (en) * 1964-12-23 1966-11-08 Thomas W Kierans Process of mounting elongated members in drill holes
US3541797A (en) * 1967-08-29 1970-11-24 African Explosives & Chem Apparatus for loading boreholes
US3618326A (en) * 1969-10-24 1971-11-09 American Cyanamid Co Resin anchored reinforced brittle structures

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4236849A (en) * 1976-09-15 1980-12-02 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Method of grouting a drill hole
US4179861A (en) * 1977-08-12 1979-12-25 Fosroc A.G. Method of anchoring a borehole anchor
US5127769A (en) * 1991-07-22 1992-07-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Thrust bolting: roof bolt support apparatus
US6176638B1 (en) * 1995-02-14 2001-01-23 Roger C. Kellison Chemically bonded anchor systems
US5730557A (en) * 1995-03-21 1998-03-24 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Mortar mixture unit for chemical attachment of anchoring means in boreholes
CN109854285A (zh) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-07 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 一种深立井支护结构和施工方法
CN109854285B (zh) * 2019-02-28 2020-10-02 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 一种深立井支护结构和施工方法
CN115075608A (zh) * 2022-07-28 2022-09-20 北京建工四建工程建设有限公司 一种钢筋混凝土基础梁加大截面机械连接的植筋方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1009433A (en) 1977-05-03
SE395504B (sv) 1977-08-15
DE2330801A1 (de) 1974-01-10
YU36060B (en) 1981-11-13
BR7304665D0 (pt) 1974-08-15
JPS5423497B2 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1979-08-14
CH564144A5 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1975-07-15
FR2191018B1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1977-02-18
AT315108B (de) 1974-05-10
ZA734311B (en) 1974-09-25
YU172373A (en) 1981-02-28
IT989425B (it) 1975-05-20
JPS4957619A (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1974-06-04
FR2191018A1 (US20080293856A1-20081127-C00127.png) 1974-02-01

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