US389131A

US389131A - Giles atheeton

Info

Publication number: US389131A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 1905-09-04

Description

(No Model.)

G. ATHERTON.

GOATING, PLATING, AND NAPPING HAT BODIES. N0. 389,131. Patented Sept. 4,1888.

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GILES ATHERTON, F STOCKPORT, COUNTY OF CHESTER, ENGLAND.

COATING, PLATING, AND NAPPING HAT-BODIES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 389,131, dated September 4, 1888.

Application filodOctoherG,1887. Serial No. 251.591. (No model.) Patented in Englandl September 14, 1887, No. 12,441.

To LZ whom, L' may concern.-

Be it known that I, GiLns ATHER'roN, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Stock port, county of Chester, England, have invented certain Improvements in Coating, Plating, and Napping Hat-Bodies, (for which I have applied for a patent in Great Britain, No. 12,441, dated Sep tember 14, 1887,) of which the followingr is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved mode ofcoating and napping hat-bodies of wool or of other materials, and has for its object to coat the surface of such bodies with acovering of fur. YUnder present practice and in accordance with inventions for which I have obtained patents in Great Britain, numbered, respectively, 718 and 1,117 of the year 1882, and in the United States, in conjunction with George Yule, No. 260,918, of 1882, heat and friction have been employed to effect the sticking of fur or fur bats to woolen or other hat-bodies, each body being separately treated. I have now discovered that hat-bodies can be coated with a covering of fur by simple immersion in a bath of hot liquid containing fur, accompanied by agitation of the hot water or liquor in which the bodies are immersed or ofthe vessel containing the immersed bodies. To complete the sticking process, I place the coated hat-bodies removed from the immersing-vat in a closed vessel or drum, which is reciprocated or revolved, so that the contained hatbodies come into frictional contact with each other and complete the sticking and napping process. When subjected to the completing process, the bodies are not immersed, but merely kept moist and hot. The fur coating, caused to adhere in this manner,enters into intimate union with the hat-bodies--or, in other words, becomes felted thereonso that the bodies can be sheared, pounced, and otherwise finished in the ordinary manner. In the first bath I may add gelatine to the hot water to assist the sticking process; but the most economimical method of sizing the hot coating-bath is to place portions of the pelt or skin of the animal in the bath, which pelt becomes dissolved therein and answers the purpose of the more expensive gelatine, while permitting the use of waste material not hitherto made use of in the manufacture of hats.

It will be evident from the simplicity of the process that apparatus of the most primitive description might be used in carrying my invention into effect. I have, however, annexed a sheet of drawings to render the description more clear.

Figure 1 is a cross-section of a coatingbath. Fig. 2 is a cross-section showing a mechanical agitator. Fig. 3 is a section ot' a coating-bath, wherein the hat-bodies are separately held and moved to and fro in the water. Fig. 3 shows a modified method of heating the bath. Fig, 4 is a side View of a coating-bath in the form of a revolving drum. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of a suitable apparatus for completing the coating and napping process.

In making use of the bath shown at Fig. 14 the vat (a is filled with water, which is acidulated, as is usual when sticking naps. The water is heated by a steam-pipe, I), and boiling-nozzle c, the pipe b being fitted with a valve, d, for governing the supply ofsteam and the temperature of the water in the bath (t. The fur is now thrown into the vat a, and waste fur, having portions of pelt sticking to it, which could not bc used under the ordinary treatment, may also be thrown in, as the hot waterseparatcs the fur from the pelt, while the pelt is melted and gives the necessary gelatinous clement to the water, sufficient pelt boing thrown in to produce the desired effect. I now throw in the woolen or other felt hatbodies, (represented by the conical objects seen floating in the Water in the vat, Fig. 1,) and stir them up in the vat by means of a pole or allow them to be agitated by the ebullit-ion of the boiling water until the surfaces of the hatbodies have become coated with the fur held in suspension in the water. The thickness of the fur-coating varies with the length of time which the hat-bodies are allowed to remain in the bath.

Fig. 2 represents a bath which is in all respects the same as that described with reference to Fig. 1, similar reference-letters being placed on the similar parts. The additional feature in Fig. 2 is the mechanical agitator c, suspended from a vibrating shaft,f, which is vibrated by means of the lever g and rod It from any suitable reciprocating or revolving part. The agitator e sweeps to and fro across IOO the bath and stirs up the fur and hat-bodies, so as to promote intimate contact and adhesion of the fur to the bodies.

Another form of sticking-bath is shown at Fig. 3, wherein a series of clips or tongs, i, of which there may be any suitable number, are mounted upon a shaft,j, which is caused to vibrate to and fro by means of the lever 7c and rod Z,driven from the crank-disk m. Each pair of tongs i, the jaws of which may be held together by a spring or bridle, is caused to hold a hatbody, n, and agitate it to and fro in the hot water and fur in the vat a. The vat is mounted upon frames or standards o, and may be heated by a steam-pipe and perforated boiling-nozzle, asin Figs. l and 2. In its main features the apparatus shown at Fig. 3 is nearly similar to the apparatus for agitating hat-bodies in water described in my aforesaid British speciication, No. 1,117 of 1882, and illustrated on Sheet 1 ot' the drawings attached to that specification. rIhe arrangement therein described i'or opening and closing the jaws of all ofthe tongs z' simultaneously may, if desired, be employed in carrying out my present invention.

In cases where it is thought undesirable to admit steam directly into the vat I might blow the steam into a chamber surrounding the sticking'bath, and Fig. 3 illustrates such an arrangement. The upper vat, A, is surrounded by an outer casing, B, a space being left between, into which I blow steam through volving copper cylinder, p, carried in bearings on the standards q, and driven from the fast and loose pulleys r r. The bearing at the driving end is hollow, and I make a packed connection with a Steampipe, s, so as to convey steam into the interior ot' the cylinder p or into a surrounding heating-chamber similar to that shown at Fie. The aeidulated was ter, hat-bodies, and t'ur are placed in the drum p through the opening closed by the door t, a relief-valve, u, being provided. Theagitation consequent upon the revolution of the drum facilitates the coating of the hat-bodies with fur. The direction of revolution of the drum p might from time to time be reversed, or, i11- stead of being rotated, the drum might be reciprocated.

All of the foregoing arrangements refer to the first bath, in which the sticking of the fur to the bodies is effected. The finishing operation may be effected in any vessel which can be so agitated as to cause i'rietional contact between the several hat-bodies which have been coated with fur in the manner just de scribed. Fig. 5 shows an agitating apparatus similar in construction to a churn, and which could be used to produce the desired effect. rlhe drum c is mounted eccentrically upon a shaft, w, which is carried in bearings on standards x, and driven from fast and loose pulleys rlhe heating of the sticking-vatv g/ and y. The coated hat-bodies are placed in the vessel through 'the opening closed by the door z. In this apparatus the goods are not immersed in water; but the mass ot hat-bodies is kept moist and hot, sufticient hot water be ing poured over them to keep them in this condition. When the drum c is rotated, the contained hat-bodies are rolled about in frictional contact with each other, so as to complete the coating and napping process and ren der them fit for further treatment. To assist in increasing the movement among the hatbodies, the interior of the drum 'u is fitted with ledges'or beaters di. The rubbing action has also the effect of removing the acid with which the bodies have been impregnated in the foregoing bath or baths.

I claim as my invention- Y l. The mode herein described of coating woolen or other bodies, said mode consisting in immersing the said bodies in a bath of hot liquid containing fur in suspension and agitating the liquid and thereby causing the fur to felt onto the said bodies and to form a nap thereon.

2. The mode herein described of coating woolen or other bodies, said mode consisting' in immersing the said bodies in a bath of hot liquid containing fur in suspension and agitating them in the bath in intimate union with the fur and thereby causing the latter to form a nap thereon.

3. The mode herein described of coating woolen and other bodies, said mode consisting in im rnersing the said bodies in abath of acidulated hotwater containing fur in suspension and'agitating the liquid and thereby causing the i'ur to form a nap on the bodies.

4. The mode herein described of coating Woolen and other bodies, said mode consisting in immersing them iu a bath of hot watercoutaining gelatinous material and fur in suspension and agitating the liquid, so that the fur and gelatinous material are brought into intimate contact with said bodies.

5. The mode herein described of coating woolen and other bodies, said mode consisting in placing fur and pieces of pelt in a bath of hot water, immersing the bodies in this bath, and agitating the liquid, so that the fur will come into intimate contact with the said bodies.

6. The mode herein described of coating woolen and other bodies, said mode consisting in immersing the bodies in a bath of hot liquid containing fur, agitating the liquid to bring the fur into intimate contact with the said bodies, then removing thelatter from the bath, and rubbing the coated bodies together in intimate frictional contact.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GILES ATHERTON.

Witnesses:

D. FULTON, D. TIMPERLEY.

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