US388953A

US388953A - Gas retoet bench

Info

Publication number: US388953A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 1905-09-04

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet i.

(No Model.)

A. GOZE.

GAS RETORT BBNGH.

Patented Sept. 4, 1888.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. GOZE.

ees eeToRT BENCH.

No. 388,953. Patented Sept. 4, 1888.

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UNTTED STATES PATnNT @tric o ANDR COZE, OF REIMS, FRANCE.

GAS-RETORT BENCH.

SPBCPICATIN forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,953, dated September 4, 1888.

.Application filed Juno 25, 1887. Serial No. S11-M54.

(No model.) Germany March 27, 1885, No. 33,950; in Belgium June 17, 1885, No. 69,316; in England Juno 2U, i`

Patented in France February 14, i885, No. M1044; in No. 7,563; in Italy June S20, 1385, XXXVI, 43B; in Anstriadlungary October 30, 18 5, No. 12286 and No. 57,022, and in Spain llrcember' 22, l8r-5,

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- Beit known that I, ANDR COZE, of the city of Reims, France, actually in Paris, have invented new and useful Improvements in Retorts for the Distillation 0f. Coal and other Solid Matters, (for which I- have obtained Letters Patent in France, No. 167,044, dated February 14, 1885; in Germany, No. 33,959, dated March 27, 1885; in Austria-Hungary, No. 23,286 and No. 57,022, dated October 30, 1885, in Spain, No. 7,837, folio 190, dated December 22, 1885; in Italy, No. 488, folio 36, dated June 30, 1885; in Belgium, No. 69,316, dated June 17, 1885, and in England, No. 7,563, dated June 20, 1885,) ot which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

rlhis invention relates to improved retorts used for distilling coal and other solid matters. f

The object ofthe present invention is to effect the charging and discharging of retorts by utilizing for the purpose the phenomenon known as the angle of repose.77 To this end the retort, having a movable retainingplate near its discharge end, is placed at such an inclination that the natural vfall ofthe coal supplied at its highest end shall be sufiicient to cause its distribution in a uniform layer througllont the Whole length of therctort and parallel with the bottom thereof. The retort is in this manner automatically charged, and owing to its inclination the coke, ifslightly loosened from its sides and the retainingplate moved, willslidedownward Withoutdiiiicnlty, and thus also effect the automatic discharge of said retort.

The invention further consists in the details ot' improvement that are more fully hereinafter set forth.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the exact arrangements shown, as they may be varied to suit different kinds of furnaces, the number of retorts, 8vo.

Figure 1 :is a vertical section of a bench ot' seven retorts, and Fig. 2 a sectional plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken through the charging-chutes.

The same letters ol' reference represent the same parts in the three figures.

a are the retorts, which are placed at an inclination approximating to that of the angle of repose of the matters with which they are to be charged, or, in other words, an inclination almost verging on the limitat which the matters to be distilled would commence to slide. This inclination is represented in the example shown as twenlynine degrees; but it is evident that this angle may he varied to suitthc nature and smoothness o't'theinteriorot the retort,the sizeoi'thclumps cieca-hdm. One end of each retort is provided with a charging-mouth, l), which is carried up vertically outside the furnace and closed by a cover, c. Each chute is connected to its retort by a bend, so as to form aprolcugation thereotand the impact produced by the fall of the material around the bend, aided by the inclination given to the retort, produces a suitable distribution of the matters in a layer ot' uniform thickness, without entirely filling the retortthat is to say, thc plane of its surface is about parallel with the door of' the retort, which is the most favorable condition for distillation, as it leaves suiiicient space in the retort to allow of the gases freely disengaging, and enables the distillation to be carried on under the ordinary conditions, as when the retorts are charged horizontally. The charging of each retortis in this manner instantly cl'- ected.

d is a sight-hole or prolongation of the retort, closed by a double cover to enable the bend of the retort to be cleared in the event of obstruction. The charging chutes are inclosed in a sand hath in order to maintain them at a suitable temperature and prevent any condensation therein. The arrest of the coal at the lower end of the retort may be effected either by means of a removable stopplate, e', 'fitting in grooves @and supported by a leg, c", or as hereinafter described .in connection with Fig. 15. By utilizing the angle of repose, which permits but a slow passage of material, each particle ot' coal as it is arrested acts to hold the others in check, thereby preventing the retort becoming filled and permitting the distribution of the coal in a uniform layer, as stated.

The ascension-pipesfand hydraulic main g are, in this example, of the ordinary kind; but they may he otherwise arranged, as hereinafter described. As shown, the retainingplate e does not extend entirely across the retort, thereby leaving a passage for gases to the main g.

A single line of rails laid above the level of the retort-setting, as shown in the drawings, suftices for the supply of two oppositely-arranged benches of retorts, the contents of the truck h being discharged into each chute by tilting it. The above arrangementsmay, however, be varied-as, for example, the charging-orifices may be all in the same horizontal plane, and the bends in the retorts be dispensed with by simply prolonging the retorts until they reach the charginglevehwhich may be either inside or outside the furnace-setting, the retorts being either of the same or different lengths. As the degree of inclination given to the rctorts is nearly equal to that which would cause the material it contains to slide, it will be understood that it is simply necessary to impart the slightest possible movement to the lumps at the front end of the lretort in order to insure the automatic discharge of the coke into a wheelbarrow, z'.

The invention, being entirely independent of the oven, may be applied to all kinds of cokeovens and forms of retorts by merely modifying the details to suit each particular case.

The following relates to arrangements which may be employed according to circumstances for charging the retort parallel with its door. These arrangements show various forms ot' retort-charging mouths and various forms of lids for thecharging-mouths as well as for the discharging ends ofthe retorts, which lids, however, form no part of the invention.

Fig. 4 shows the charging-mouths arranged to permit of the escape ot' thefgas produced into a hydraulic main, g, common to both benches of retorts. In this case the gas enters the hydraulic main through the -ehargingspouts b instead of through the roof of the retort, as ordinarily. In this manner a more rational action is obtai ned, and the space which is usually occupied by the ascensionpipes in front of the retort is economized, while the same hydraulic main serves for both benches. Fig. 5 shows a hopper fixed above the charging-mouth,a space being left between them to allow ot a lid being applied. Fig. 6 shows the charging-,mouth carried up to a level with a truck, h, said mouth being provided with a hinged cover, c,which is clamped by a screw-and-lever catch and suitably lnted. Fig. 7 shows a cover iitting in a groove lled with sand. Fig. 8 shows a cover clamped by means of a screw stirrup-piece hinged to the mouth of the retort. Fig. 9 shows the retortmouths arranged in rows one above the other. Fig. l0 shows a funnel-shaped mouth inclined at an angle to meet a truck when tilted. Fig. 11 shows other forms of chargingmouths brought to a uniform level. Fig. l2 shows a hopper movable in front of the chargingmouths of the retorts. Fig. 13 shows a charging-mouth fixed upon a curve-ended retort, the retorts varying in length according to their position. Fig. 14 shows aseries of xed hoppers for enabling one or more retorts to be charged at one time. The hoppers are each closed at bottom by a slide, a, by opening which the coal is allowed to fall into the charging-mouths I). A space is left between the hoppers and the charging-mouths. The retorts may be charged by trucks that run upon `rails above the rails, as shown in Fig. l, or by other suitable means. Said retorts may also be discharged in any suitable manner. Fig. 15 represents a section of the front or lower end of a retort-bench in which the hydraulic main is set back beyond the front line of the retort-setting for the purpose of economizing space.

The upper retort is provided with lid c, to which is att-ached the stop or retainingplate e. The middle retort is shown as provided with a east-iron retaining-plate, e, hooked to lugs cast on the head ofthe retort. The mid-rib is provided with an opening to admit of its removal. The lower retort is provided with a retaining-plate, e, of sheet-iron of U form, with handles at either side,`which is txed in position by jamming against the sides of the retort-mouth.

I claim- The inclined retorts a, placed one above the other, eoinbined with the charging-mouths b, whose open ends are all on the same level, whereby the retorts may be charged from trucks on the same level, substantially as set forth.

The foregoing specification of my improvements in retorts for the distillation of coal and other solid matters and in apparatus connected therewith signed by me this 14th day of May, 1887.

ANDRE oozn. 'itnesses:

G. HENRY, E. JAUNET.

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