US386458A - Apparatus for the manufacture of gas - Google Patents
Apparatus for the manufacture of gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US386458A US386458A US386458DA US386458A US 386458 A US386458 A US 386458A US 386458D A US386458D A US 386458DA US 386458 A US386458 A US 386458A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- superheater
- cupola
- steam
- pipes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 102100017923 ACOT12 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710008266 ACOT12 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 240000001973 Ficus microcarpa Species 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J1/00—Production of fuel gases by carburetting air or other gases without pyrolysis
- C10J1/213—Carburetting by pyrolysis of solid carbonaceous material in a carburettor
Definitions
- My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of wa-ter-gas l'roin anthracite coal or coke; and the objects I have in View are to enrich this gas by a hydrocarbon vapor obtained from crude oil and to provide an apparatus by means of which this vapor may be advantageously used.
- a hydrocarbon vapor obtained from crude oil
- hydrocarbon vapor which must be done before the gas is tixed7 in the superheater.
- the hydrocarbon used may be either naphtha or crude oil. The latter is much more preferable, because it is much less expensive, the difference in the use of the two being about seventeen cents on cach thousand feet of gas in favor of crude oil.
- Figure l is a vertil l i s cal section of a cupola constructed for use in carrying out my invention.
- Fig. 2 is a horizontal section (on a larger scale) on line .t a: of Fig. l.
- Fig. 3 is a section on line i/ y of Fig. 1.
- rflic cupola is provided in its lower part with the coinbustioirchamber 7. preferably provided with a grate, 9, and aslrpit l1, into which extends a steam-pipe, 13.
- rIhe cupola is provided at a point a short distance above the conibustion-chaniber preferably with two double arches, I5, arranged with the legs of thc upper arches midway over the spaces between the legs of the lower arch.
- One double arch may be used il' preferred.
- the fire brick of the superheater rest upon these arches, and between their legs is a series of independent passages, through which the gas passes from the combustion-chainber to the superheater.
- the spaces between the legs of the arches forni separate passages, connect ing the combustionchamber with the superheater.
- the pipe 17 represents a pipe through which crude oil may be passed, preferably with sufficient hydrostatic pressure to force it intothe cupola.
- rIhis pipe passes through a large steanrpipe, 19, through which a current of steam is passed around the pipe 17.
- the pipe 17 thence extends up to and around outside ofthe cupola, preferably to the right and left, and is preferably provided with Y-littings 21, which inay have suitable valves, 23, and connect with pipes 25, that extend through the wall of the cupola, their inner ends being preferably ilush with the inner surface of the cu- -pola-wall.
- These pipes are just below the top ofthe upper arch or just below the lower brick ot' the superheater, and there is preferably one pipe for each space between the legs of the arches.
- the operation is as follows:
- the fuel-gas formed by the passage ofthe steam from steampipe 13 through the incandescent fuel in the combustion-chamber passes through the openings betweenthe arches and enters the superheater or fixing-chamber.
- the hydrocarbon vapor from the crude oil which has pre- 4 viously been vaporized or raised to a h-igh temperature, as described enters the cupola through the pipes 25 and mingles with the gas as it'passes into the fixingchamber.
- u steam which here enters the cupola also passes into the superheater, being carried up by the current of gas, and the hydrogen unites with any carbon or lamp-black which may adhere to the superheater-brick, and, passing through the superheater, becomes a fixed gas.
- This action utilizes this waste steam by converting it into gas, and also keeps the superheater spaces and interstices clean and free from'matter that heretofore has clogged it up and fouled it to an extent rendering frequent cleaning necessary.
- the introduction of the vapor or liquid oil at t'he highest part of the narrow spaces between the fuel-chamber and the superheater causes every portion of the superheater and tire-brick to be utilized.
- the steam pipe 13 extends into the ash-pit beneath the grate, and is extended,preferably in a curved fornnaround the ash-pit and is provided with a series of small openings, permitting the steam to escape in small quantities beneath all parts of the grate.
- This causes the steam to be equally distributed and to pass equally through every part ofthe incandescent fuel, which causes the coal to be thoroughly and evenly decarbonized, whereas were the steam passed in altogether into the ash-box it would rise through only one part of the fuel and put out the tire in this part from top to bottom, and after this is done the steam will ⁇ nearly all continue to pass through this party of the fuel.
- This method of equally distributing the steam as it passes through the fuel I am enabled to produce much greater quantities of gas and at the ⁇ same time to effect a large saving in fuel.
- valves 23 By means ofthe valves 23 the fiow of oil or vapor through each pipe is regulated, While.
- valve, 22 in the pipe 17 it may be cut ot't entirely and turned on as desired.
- a valve, 24 in the pipe 17 it may be cut ot't entirely and turned on as desired.
- the supply of steam through each pipe is regulated by a valve, 24:, and is cut off or turned on to all the pipes by a valve, 26, located in the main pipe.
- Both the steam and oil pipes may be covered with a suitable non-conducting covering to retain the steam and oil at a high degree of temperature.
- the combination in an apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas, of a combustion-chamber, 7, a superheated chamber, an arch located between said combustionchamber and said superheater-chamber and provided with a series of legs forming 'separate passages leading from said combustionchamber into said superheater-chamber, and a series of oil-pipes opening through the outer wall of the cupola into said separate passages between the combustion-chamber and the superheater, substantially as described.
Description
(No Model.)
V. L. ELBERT.
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURB OF GAS.
No. 886,458. Patented July 24, 1888.
S Hlll Imm Q Hlllll ../llll e. e 4 Am. M .Z .QU wow/o0 Ilivirsio @raras VINCENT Il. IIIIBERT, OF M Paritair Ottica.
INNEAIOLIS, MINNESOTA.
APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS.
.JPECIPICATIOBTI' forming part of Letters Application filed November 2, 1857.
T0 @ZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that liNciiN'r L. Emmer, of Minneapolis, in the count-y of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gas, of which the following is a specificittion.
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of wa-ter-gas l'roin anthracite coal or coke; and the objects I have in View are to enrich this gas by a hydrocarbon vapor obtained from crude oil and to provide an apparatus by means of which this vapor may be advantageously used. In the manufacture of this kind of gas it is necessary to enrich it by mingling with it hydrocarbon vapor, which must be done before the gas is tixed7 in the superheater. The hydrocarbon used may be either naphtha or crude oil. The latter is much more preferable, because it is much less expensive, the difference in the use of the two being about seventeen cents on cach thousand feet of gas in favor of crude oil. I find by actual experience that it is impossible to iutroduce the crude oil into the combustionchamber, owing to the fact that it will not bccome properly disseminated among the gases obtained from the fuel and will run down through parts of the incandescent 'fuel and extinguish it. rIhe steam that is passed up through the fuel will follow mainly this track of extingnishingfuel, and will therefore not be decomposed. If the crude oil is thrown di reetly into the supcrheater, it fails to come in contact with the gas in all parts thereof, and no benefit would be obtained from parts ofthe superheatcr. It too much oil is thrown into any one part ofthe supcrheater, the bricks at that part will be cooled, and the oil will be deposited on them in the forni of solid carbon. I obviate these objections and make a practical success in using crude oil forenriching the gas by introducing it in small quantities, and preferably in the forni of vapor, into separate passages between the combustion-chainber and superheatcr. lhehydrocarbon thus comes in contact with all of the gases after they leave the combustionchamber and becomes intimately coniiningled therewith, and in this condition they pass into the superheater and then become a fixed gas.
In the accompanying drawings, forming a )art of this s iecifieation Figure l is a vertil l i s cal section of a cupola constructed for use in carrying out my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section (on a larger scale) on line .t a: of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section on line i/ y of Fig. 1.
In the drawings, represents the cupola, which is preferably provided in its upper portion with the fixing-chamber or superheater 3, which is filled with iii'ebrick, 5, in the usual way. rflic cupola. is provided in its lower part with the coinbustioirchamber 7. preferably provided with a grate, 9, and aslrpit l1, into which extends a steam-pipe, 13.
rIhe cupola is provided at a point a short distance above the conibustion-chaniber preferably with two double arches, I5, arranged with the legs of thc upper arches midway over the spaces between the legs of the lower arch. One double arch may be used il' preferred. The lire brick of the superheater rest upon these arches, and between their legs is a series of independent passages, through which the gas passes from the combustion-chainber to the superheater. The spaces between the legs of the arches forni separate passages, connect ing the combustionchamber with the superheater.
17 represents a pipe through which crude oil may be passed, preferably with sufficient hydrostatic pressure to force it intothe cupola. rIhis pipe passes through a large steanrpipe, 19, through which a current of steam is passed around the pipe 17. By this means the crude oil passing through the pipe 17 is converted into vapor or heated to a high temperature. The pipe 17 thence extends up to and around outside ofthe cupola, preferably to the right and left, and is preferably provided with Y-littings 21, which inay have suitable valves, 23, and connect with pipes 25, that extend through the wall of the cupola, their inner ends being preferably ilush with the inner surface of the cu- -pola-wall. These pipes are just below the top ofthe upper arch or just below the lower brick ot' the superheater, and there is preferably one pipe for each space between the legs of the arches.
In order that the hydrocarbon may be maintained in the vapor state or high tempeiatiire until it enters the cupola, I prefer to provide the steam-pipes 27, that pass centrally through IOO e saaftsa the pipes 25, their inner ends being flush with the inner ends of the said pipes 25.
The operation is as follows: The fuel-gas formed by the passage ofthe steam from steampipe 13 through the incandescent fuel in the combustion-chamber passes through the openings betweenthe arches and enters the superheater or fixing-chamber. As the gas passes through these narrow openings the hydrocarbon vapor from the crude oil which has pre- 4 viously been vaporized or raised to a h-igh temperature, as described, enters the cupola through the pipes 25 and mingles with the gas as it'passes into the fixingchamber. The
u steam which here enters the cupola also passes into the superheater, being carried up by the current of gas, and the hydrogen unites with any carbon or lamp-black which may adhere to the superheater-brick, and, passing through the superheater, becomes a fixed gas. IThis action utilizes this waste steam by converting it into gas, and also keeps the superheater spaces and interstices clean and free from'matter that heretofore has clogged it up and fouled it to an extent rendering frequent cleaning necessary. The introduction of the vapor or liquid oil at t'he highest part of the narrow spaces between the fuel-chamber and the superheater causes every portion of the superheater and tire-brick to be utilized.
The steam pipe 13 extends into the ash-pit beneath the grate, and is extended,preferably in a curved fornnaround the ash-pit and is provided with a series of small openings, permitting the steam to escape in small quantities beneath all parts of the grate. This causes the steam to be equally distributed and to pass equally through every part ofthe incandescent fuel, which causes the coal to be thoroughly and evenly decarbonized, whereas were the steam passed in altogether into the ash-box it would rise through only one part of the fuel and put out the tire in this part from top to bottom, and after this is done the steam will` nearly all continue to pass through this party of the fuel. By this method of equally distributing the steam as it passes through the fuel I am enabled to produce much greater quantities of gas and at the` same time to effect a large saving in fuel.
By means ofthe valves 23 the fiow of oil or vapor through each pipe is regulated, While.
by a separate valve, 22, in the pipe 17 it may be cut ot't entirely and turned on as desired. In the same manner the supply of steam through each pipe is regulated by a valve, 24:, and is cut off or turned on to all the pipes by a valve, 26, located in the main pipe.
Both the steam and oil pipes may be covered with a suitable non-conducting covering to retain the steam and oil at a high degree of temperature.
I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas, of a combustion-chamber, 7, a superheated chamber, an arch located between said combustionchamber and said superheater-chamber and provided with a series of legs forming 'separate passages leading from said combustionchamber into said superheater-chamber, and a series of oil-pipes opening through the outer wall of the cupola into said separate passages between the combustion-chamber and the superheater, substantially as described.
2. The combination, in an apparatus for the manufacture ofilluminating-gas, of a combust-ion-chamber, 7, a superheater-chamber, a series of passages connecting said combustionchamber with said superheater-chamber, and a series of oil-pipes opening through the outer wall of the cupola into said passages, with aseries of steam-pipes extending through said oilpipes, substantially as described, whereby a vaporized crude oil or liquid hydrocarbon may be thrown into the passages and mingled with the gases after they leave the combustionchamber and before they reach thesuperheater, for the purpose set forth.
3. The combination, with thecnpola 2, havingthe combustion-chamber7,thesuperheater chamber arranged above said combustionchamber, and an arch located between said chambers, of anvoil-pipe, 17, extending around said cupola and provided with a series of branch pipes, 25, opening through the wall of the cupola into the passages formed by the legs of said arch between said combustionchamber and said su perheatcr, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination, with the cupola 2, havingthecombustion-chamber7,thesuperheater chamber arranged above said combustionchamber, and an arch located between said chambers, of an oil-pipe, 17, extending around said cupola and provided with a series of branch pipes, 25, opening through the wall of the cupola into the passages formed by the legs of said arch between said combustionchamber and said superheater, and the ser-ies of stealn--pipes 27, extending through said oilpipes 25, all substantially as described.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of October, 1887.
VINCENT L. ELBERT.
In presence of- A. C. PAUL, R. H. SANFORD.
IOO
IIO
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US386458A true US386458A (en) | 1888-07-24 |
Family
ID=2455442
Family Applications (1)
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US386458D Expired - Lifetime US386458A (en) | Apparatus for the manufacture of gas |
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US (1) | US386458A (en) |
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- US US386458D patent/US386458A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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