US3832078A - Method and apparatus of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks and product thereof - Google Patents
Method and apparatus of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks and product thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3832078A US3832078A US00281767A US28176772A US3832078A US 3832078 A US3832078 A US 3832078A US 00281767 A US00281767 A US 00281767A US 28176772 A US28176772 A US 28176772A US 3832078 A US3832078 A US 3832078A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- slip
- projections
- slip pavement
- concrete
- pavement block
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/22—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units composed of a mixture of materials covered by two or more of groups E01C5/008, E01C5/02 - E01C5/20 except embedded reinforcing materials
- E01C5/226—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units composed of a mixture of materials covered by two or more of groups E01C5/008, E01C5/02 - E01C5/20 except embedded reinforcing materials having an upper layer of rubber, with or without inserts of other materials; with rubber inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
Definitions
- the present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for producing pavement blocks and the product resulting therefrom, wherein the blocks have rubber projections protruding from the surfaces thereof.
- the present invention relates to the production of a compact, strong and rigid block in which the rubber tip projections are located so as to be anchored securely for high resistance and longevity of wear.
- the present method permits the production of such blocks with ease and rapidity at a reasonable commercial expense due to the use of inexpensive ingredients and apparatus components.
- the primary object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a method and apparatus for producing non-slip pavement blocks in a simple, inexpensive and rapid manner and to provide a rigid, high resistance block of long wear which will be useful for pedestrian or other travel and will prevent accidental falls and the injury or damage resulting therefrom.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the producing of a non-slip pavement block which is an improvement over past pavement blocks with plain surfaces in that it provides a surface against which objects such as the sole of a shoe will not slip, but will instead grip.
- a still further object of my invention is to provide a non-slip pavement block composed of concrete or similar material with rubber tip projections protruding from the surface thereof and which is capable'of use in a variety of settings including, but not limited to, business pavements, residential pavements, and park pavements, and the like.
- Yet another object of my invention is to provide a method, apparatus and product of the classes indicated that are capable of the functions and uses referred to and which are based upon sound engineering and construction principles to result in a non-slip pavement block of high quality and strength which will inhibit and prevent slippage andfalling by pedestrian and other travel.
- carrying out the present invention includes providing a plate of predetermined thickness with perforations of the same shape as the rubber tip to be engaged therein and said perforations are distributed to coincide with the distribution of rubber tips.
- This plate is prepared and placed on a base plate or member which is surrounded by a molding frame.
- a wire net containing the rubber tips is placed on the perforated plate, with each rubber tip directed into the corresponding perforations in the perforated plate and against the base plate.-The rubber tips are located at the intersectional points of the wire forming the net.
- a concrete mixture, or the like is poured over the wire net and onto the perforated plate to surround the rubber tips. Onto this concrete, or similar material, another filling material is poured, and this. is pressed to make the unit sufficiently compact and hard to withstand substantial pressure.
- the combined ingredients form the concrete block unit.
- the concrete block along with the base plate is removed from the molding frame.
- the non-slip pavement block of the present invention is finally completed when the base-plate is removed from the filling material and other ingredients and elements of the unit.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the perforated plate.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wire net containing the rubber tips.
- FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate the stages in manufacturing the pavement block.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of non-slip pavement block obtained as a result of the process steps of this invention. 1
- a perforated plate 1 which is square shaped and made from vinyl chloride, FRP, etc. is prepared. On the plate I, perforations are made and properly shaped to coincide with nonslip tips which are to be provided. These perforations are distributed on the plate in a predetermined pattern or arrangement.
- the thickness of the perforated plate is, for example, l-2mm.
- the thickness is predetermined in relation to the rubber tip thickness to permit these non-slip tips made from rubber, or other material to project from the surface of the final block.
- Theperforations 2 may have any shape desired, such as slot, circle, diamond, cross or star,.etc. to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of non-slip tips made from rubber, or other elastomer.
- the perforations 2 for the insertion of non-slip tips are so distributed as-to coincide with'the location of each of the non-slip tips fixed in the net shown in FIG. 2.
- a net 3 in FIG. 2 has the same shape with a slightly smaller area than the perforated plate.
- the net consists of rigid, straight wires crossing perpendicularly or diagonally to make a net formation, and at the intersectional points, the rigid wires pierce the body portion of non-slip tips of which the cross-sectional figure is in the shape of a rod, belt, circle, cross, diamond, star, etc.
- the distribution of non-slip tips in the net 3 naturally corresponds to the distribution of perforations 2 in the perforated plate I.
- Molding frame 6 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is in the fonn of a short cylinder having support 61 at the bottom.
- the inside dimensions and shape of frame 6 corresponds to the shape of the final pavement block and the frame 6' is deeper than the thickness of block.
- a base plate 7 is put on the support 61 in molding frame 6 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- each non-slip tip 4 is intar mixture, or a paste of coloured mortar which is a mixture of white cement and pigment, or a paste of ter razzo which is a mixture of white cement and pigment containing crushed marble or rock, or plastics liquid such as polyester added to hardening material containing crushed terrazo or granite.
- a slightly hard concrete paste 8 is poured to a predetermined thickness so as to permit water contained in the softened filling material 8 to soak out into the hard concrete paste 8'.
- the unit pushed out from molding frame 6 is conveyed into a steam room and kept there for a predetermined period.
- perforated plate 1 is removed from the concrete as shown in FIG. 5.
- a complete pavement block is obtained.
- the height of tip heads 4 projecting from the surface of block is modified by adjusting and varying the thickness of perforated plate 1. As all pro jections of tips 4 can be easily made equal by the perforated plate 1 in combination with base plate 7, non-slip pavement blocks can be reproduced in a rapid and easy fashion.
- a non-slip pavement block comprised of solidified material in the form of a three-dimensional unit with projections protruding from at least one surface thereof and wherein the projections are disposed along a wire net composed of rigid, straight wires arranged in a predetermined crossing pattern.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing pavement blocks and the product resulting therefrom in which said blocks have rubber tips projecting from the surfaces thereof, and includes inserting a perforated plate and introducing projection elements into the perforation and against the base plate, thereafter introducing filler material, compressing the ingredients, removing the compressed unit from, including the base, the frame and thereafter removing the base plate and perforated plate.
Description
United States Patent 1191 Nakayama Aug. 27, 1974 [54] METHOD AND APPARATUS 0F 2,287,844 6/1942 Tiberghien 404/44 x NMNUF TURIN 3,286,421 11/1966 Branstrator.... 52/600 X AC G NON SLIP PAVENIENT 3,344,570 10/1967 Marson 404/44 X BLOCKS AND PRODUCT THEREOF Inventor: Fukuzo Nakayama, Hyogo, Japan Primary ExaminerNile c. Byers, Jr. [73] Assignee: Japan Non-Slip Pavement Co., Inc., Attorney Agent Flrm ArmStmng* Nakaldo &
Osaka, Japan Wegner PP N05 ,767 This invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing pavement blocks and the product re- [52] us. CL 404/44 sulting therefrom in which said blocks have rubber 51 1m. (:1 i641) 5/04 tips Pmjecting from the Sulfaces there, and includes 58] Field of Search 404/44 45 52/600 inserting a perforated plate and introducing projection elements into the perforation and against the base [56] References Cited plate, thereafter introducing filler material, compressing the ingredients, removing the compressed unit' UNITED STATES PATENTS from, including the base, theframe and thereafter re- 1 moving the base plate and perforated plate rau ette 1,916,461 7/1933 Bronson 404/44 x 5 Claims, 6 Drawing Flgules 4 l --o .9 "b
"o. a .6. 1 593- 4: 0 6. 6. o v 5 '.e2 @"k 1" ql kw k m 8 aar weea. yea ,yaa a VIIIA lu lm ll: 1,, 1
PAIENTED 3.832.078
SIEH 1 U 2 METHOD AND APPARATUS OF MANUFACTURING NON-SLIP PAVEMENT BLOCKS AND PRODUCT THEREOF BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for producing pavement blocks and the product resulting therefrom, wherein the blocks have rubber projections protruding from the surfaces thereof. Particularly, the present invention relates to the production of a compact, strong and rigid block in which the rubber tip projections are located so as to be anchored securely for high resistance and longevity of wear. Moreover, the present method permits the production of such blocks with ease and rapidity at a reasonable commercial expense due to the use of inexpensive ingredients and apparatus components.
The primary object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a method and apparatus for producing non-slip pavement blocks in a simple, inexpensive and rapid manner and to provide a rigid, high resistance block of long wear which will be useful for pedestrian or other travel and will prevent accidental falls and the injury or damage resulting therefrom.
Another object of my invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the producing of a non-slip pavement block which is an improvement over past pavement blocks with plain surfaces in that it provides a surface against which objects such as the sole of a shoe will not slip, but will instead grip.
A still further object of my invention is to provide a non-slip pavement block composed of concrete or similar material with rubber tip projections protruding from the surface thereof and which is capable'of use in a variety of settings including, but not limited to, business pavements, residential pavements, and park pavements, and the like.
Yet another object of my invention is to provide a method, apparatus and product of the classes indicated that are capable of the functions and uses referred to and which are based upon sound engineering and construction principles to result in a non-slip pavement block of high quality and strength which will inhibit and prevent slippage andfalling by pedestrian and other travel.
Other objects will appear hereinafter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In general, carrying out the present invention includes providing a plate of predetermined thickness with perforations of the same shape as the rubber tip to be engaged therein and said perforations are distributed to coincide with the distribution of rubber tips. This plate is prepared and placed on a base plate or member which is surrounded by a molding frame. A wire net containing the rubber tips is placed on the perforated plate, with each rubber tip directed into the corresponding perforations in the perforated plate and against the base plate.-The rubber tips are located at the intersectional points of the wire forming the net. A concrete mixture, or the like, is poured over the wire net and onto the perforated plate to surround the rubber tips. Onto this concrete, or similar material, another filling material is poured, and this. is pressed to make the unit sufficiently compact and hard to withstand substantial pressure. The combined ingredients form the concrete block unit.
The concrete block along with the base plate is removed from the molding frame.
The non-slip pavement block of the present invention is finally completed when the base-plate is removed from the filling material and other ingredients and elements of the unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the perforated plate.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wire net containing the rubber tips.
FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate the stages in manufacturing the pavement block.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of non-slip pavement block obtained as a result of the process steps of this invention. 1
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To manufacture non-slip pavement blocks as shown in FIG. 6, a perforated plate 1 which is square shaped and made from vinyl chloride, FRP, etc. is prepared. On the plate I, perforations are made and properly shaped to coincide with nonslip tips which are to be provided. These perforations are distributed on the plate in a predetermined pattern or arrangement.
The thickness of the perforated plate is, for example, l-2mm. The thickness is predetermined in relation to the rubber tip thickness to permit these non-slip tips made from rubber, or other material to project from the surface of the final block. Theperforations 2 may have any shape desired, such as slot, circle, diamond, cross or star,.etc. to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of non-slip tips made from rubber, or other elastomer.
The perforations 2 for the insertion of non-slip tips are so distributed as-to coincide with'the location of each of the non-slip tips fixed in the net shown in FIG. 2.
A net 3 in FIG. 2 has the same shape with a slightly smaller area than the perforated plate. The net consists of rigid, straight wires crossing perpendicularly or diagonally to make a net formation, and at the intersectional points, the rigid wires pierce the body portion of non-slip tips of which the cross-sectional figure is in the shape of a rod, belt, circle, cross, diamond, star, etc.
The distribution of non-slip tips in the net 3 naturally corresponds to the distribution of perforations 2 in the perforated plate I.
In carrying out the process for producing the nonslip pavement blocks, a base plate 7 is put on the support 61 in molding frame 6 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
On the base plate 7, a perforated plate 1 is laid down and a net 3 is put into the frame with the head 4 of tips 4 upside down. Head 4' of each non-slip tip 4 is intar mixture, or a paste of coloured mortar which is a mixture of white cement and pigment, or a paste of ter razzo which is a mixture of white cement and pigment containing crushed marble or rock, or plastics liquid such as polyester added to hardening material containing crushed terrazo or granite.
Onto the softened filling material 8, a slightly hard concrete paste 8 is poured to a predetermined thickness so as to permit water contained in the softened filling material 8 to soak out into the hard concrete paste 8'.
After eliminating bubbles and air pockets contained in filling materials 8 and 8 by vibrating the frame 6, a.
pressure of 7-10 atm is exerted against the surface of the hard concrete paste 8 by means of a press 9 until the materials 8 and 8 solidify and become rigid and hard.
When the press 9 is removed, the molded filling material 8 and 8 and the other ingredients of the unit are pushed out along with base plate 7 from molding frame 6 by pressing the back of base plate 7 with push-rod 10 through the spaces between support members 61.
The unit pushed out from molding frame 6 is conveyed into a steam room and kept there for a predetermined period.
After treatment with steam, perforated plate 1 is removed from the concrete as shown in FIG. 5. By keeping the concrete body in water for l or 2 days, and then drying it in the air, a complete pavement block is obtained.
[n this invention, the height of tip heads 4 projecting from the surface of block is modified by adjusting and varying the thickness of perforated plate 1. As all pro jections of tips 4 can be easily made equal by the perforated plate 1 in combination with base plate 7, non-slip pavement blocks can be reproduced in a rapid and easy fashion.
From the foregoing, it may be seen that l have provided a useful method and apparatus for formation of non-slip pavement blocks and a useful and valuable product resulting from that method and apparatus in the form of a block composed of concrete or similar material with rubber tip projections protruding from the surface thereof and which is useful in various business, private and public environments for inhibiting and preventing damage and injury resulting from slippage and falling. The method and apparatus are simple, inexpensive and rapid and the product is of high quality, strength and resistance.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claim are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
What is claimed is:
l. A non-slip pavement block comprised of solidified material in the form of a three-dimensional unit with projections protruding from at least one surface thereof and wherein the projections are disposed along a wire net composed of rigid, straight wires arranged in a predetermined crossing pattern.
2. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 1, wherein the projections are elements imbedded in the block to a predetermined distance and disposed on the wire net within the solidified material such that the intersectional points of wire elements of the net pierce a projection.
3. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 2, wherein the projection elements are rubber projectiles and the portions of the projections protruding from the surface of the block are disposed in a predetermined pattern on the surface from which said projections protrude.
4. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 3, wherein the solidified material is comprised of a second concrete mixture superimposed over a first concrete mixture from which the projections protrude.
5. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 4, wherein the first'concrete mixture is hardened mortar or terrazzo and the second concrete mixture is con- Crete.
Claims (5)
1. A non-slip pavement block comprised of solidified material in the form of a three-dimensional unit with projections protruding from at least one surface thereof and wherein the projections are disposed along a wire net composed of rigid, straight wires arranged in a predetermined crossing pattern.
2. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 1, wherein the projections are elements imbedded in the block to a predetermined distance and disposed on the wire net within the solidified material such that the intersectional points of wire elements of the net pierce a projection.
3. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 2, wherein the projection elements are rubber projectiles and the portions of the projections protruding from the surface of the block are disposed in a predetermined pattern on the surface from which said projections protrude.
4. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 3, wherein the solidified material is comprised of a second concrete mixture superimposed over a first concrete mixture from which the projections protrude.
5. A non-slip pavement block according to claim 4, wherein the first concrete mixture is hardened mortar or terrazzo and the second concrete mixture is concrete.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00281767A US3832078A (en) | 1972-08-18 | 1972-08-18 | Method and apparatus of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks and product thereof |
| US05/448,032 US4085176A (en) | 1972-08-18 | 1974-03-04 | Method of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00281767A US3832078A (en) | 1972-08-18 | 1972-08-18 | Method and apparatus of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks and product thereof |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/448,032 Division US4085176A (en) | 1972-08-18 | 1974-03-04 | Method of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3832078A true US3832078A (en) | 1974-08-27 |
Family
ID=23078704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00281767A Expired - Lifetime US3832078A (en) | 1972-08-18 | 1972-08-18 | Method and apparatus of manufacturing non-slip pavement blocks and product thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3832078A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4963054A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1990-10-16 | Isao Hayashi | Frames for constructing pavement boards |
| US5006011A (en) * | 1987-07-22 | 1991-04-09 | Isao Hiyashi | Frames for installing wooden bricks |
| GB2278619A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1994-12-07 | Graham Beeney | Improvements relating to paving blocks |
| GB2268521B (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1996-06-19 | Gradus Ltd | Improvements in or relating to floor surfaces |
| US20070269265A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Thorkelson Steven J | Paver system |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US127502A (en) * | 1872-06-04 | Improvement in rubber pads and blocks for steps, sidewalks | ||
| US1728991A (en) * | 1924-01-04 | 1929-09-24 | Draullette Edmond | Paving block and slab made of rubber compound |
| US1916461A (en) * | 1929-01-30 | 1933-07-04 | Ohio Rubber Co | Tread member |
| US2287844A (en) * | 1938-01-12 | 1942-06-30 | Caoutchouc Reno Sa | Rubber covered paving block |
| US3286421A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1966-11-22 | Wayne P Branstrator | Floor and wall construction |
| US3344570A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1967-10-03 | Marson Emilio | Reinforced flooring tile |
-
1972
- 1972-08-18 US US00281767A patent/US3832078A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US127502A (en) * | 1872-06-04 | Improvement in rubber pads and blocks for steps, sidewalks | ||
| US1728991A (en) * | 1924-01-04 | 1929-09-24 | Draullette Edmond | Paving block and slab made of rubber compound |
| US1916461A (en) * | 1929-01-30 | 1933-07-04 | Ohio Rubber Co | Tread member |
| US2287844A (en) * | 1938-01-12 | 1942-06-30 | Caoutchouc Reno Sa | Rubber covered paving block |
| US3286421A (en) * | 1963-07-31 | 1966-11-22 | Wayne P Branstrator | Floor and wall construction |
| US3344570A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1967-10-03 | Marson Emilio | Reinforced flooring tile |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5006011A (en) * | 1987-07-22 | 1991-04-09 | Isao Hiyashi | Frames for installing wooden bricks |
| US4963054A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1990-10-16 | Isao Hayashi | Frames for constructing pavement boards |
| GB2268521B (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1996-06-19 | Gradus Ltd | Improvements in or relating to floor surfaces |
| GB2278619A (en) * | 1993-06-02 | 1994-12-07 | Graham Beeney | Improvements relating to paving blocks |
| US20070269265A1 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Thorkelson Steven J | Paver system |
| US7344334B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2008-03-18 | Vast Enterprises Llc | Paver system |
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