US3830620A - Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator - Google Patents

Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3830620A
US3830620A US00227788A US22778872A US3830620A US 3830620 A US3830620 A US 3830620A US 00227788 A US00227788 A US 00227788A US 22778872 A US22778872 A US 22778872A US 3830620 A US3830620 A US 3830620A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
burner
pipe
fuel
ports
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00227788A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US00227788A priority Critical patent/US3830620A/en
Priority to DE2307102A priority patent/DE2307102C2/de
Priority to GB723373A priority patent/GB1403123A/en
Priority to CH226873A priority patent/CH556505A/xx
Priority to JP48020717A priority patent/JPS5239170B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3830620A publication Critical patent/US3830620A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
    • F23D2900/21003—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for heating or re-burning air or gas in a duct

Definitions

  • Gas turbine exhaust gases at 940 F may first flow up- A ward through a bank of pre-evaporator tubes where the.
  • exhaust gas temperature is reduced to about 540 F.
  • the gases then flow upwardly, for heating, through a horizontal burner bed or grid which comprises a number of spaced parallel main burner elements arranged along the length of the burner bed.
  • the gases then travel vertically upward about 9 feet before passing through a bank of finned boiler tubes. In this nine foot distance it is important to burn the fuel gas from the burners completely and mix the hot products with the excess air and turbine exhaust gas which bypasses the flame, in order to achieve as uniform a temperature as possible at the boiler tubes.
  • the fuel gas flow to the burners is controlled by regulating the fuel gas pressure to achieve an'exhaust gas temperature of 1,300 F at the tubes.
  • pilot burner elements transversely mounted at opposite ends of the burner bed at right angles to the main burner elements.
  • the pilot burners are ignited first, burn continuously, and eject a sheet of flame out over the downstream sides of the main burner elements.
  • the burner must adjust to the range of 500 to 1,000 F., flowing upwardly with velocities in the range of 10 to 100 feet per second with oxygen contents in the range of 12 to 21 percent by volume.
  • the burner must therefore have a high turn-down ratio, that is,
  • a gas burner for firing a heat recovery steam generator in the exhaust gas duct of a gas turbine is formed with diametrically opposed horizontal wing baffles; and, includes large and small fuel jet openings respectively positioned and arranged at greater and lesser circumferential distances from the burner pipe vertical centerline.
  • a part of the exhaust gas, due to the flat wing baffles', is directed into a recirculation zone above and downstream from the small fuel jet openings and establishes the proper conditions for flame stability.
  • TI-Ie large fuel jet openings displaced further from the vertical centerline of the pipe eject fuel laterally beyond the recirculation zone whereupon the fuel is caught in an updraft of exhaust gas and ignited by the stable flame.
  • the burner pipe may contain a concentrically mounted manifold pipe with fuel distribution holes to assure uniform fuel distribution within the main burner pipe.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a burner grid of the type which may be incorporated into the exhaust duct of a gas turbine to supply heat for a heat recovery steam generator.
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the present invention removed from the burner grid.
  • FIG. 3 is an end view of the present invention with arrows indicating the flow of gas turbine exhaust gases.
  • a burner grid 11 of the type which may be utilized in the exhaust stack of a gas turbine and used to heat exhaust gases for firing a heat recovery steam generator or waste heat boiler, is comprised of a rectangular frame 15 which is used to support burner elements between two exhaust duct sections (not shown).
  • a flow distribution screen 19 may be used to form a porous floor and is fixed to the rectangular frame by support beams 21 fixed traversely to opposite sides of the frame along the length thereof.
  • each pilot burner is connected at a gas inlet 27 to a gas supply (not shown) at one end and may be capped at the opposed end so as to form a blind burner pipe.
  • the pilot burner may differ from the main gas burners (according ot the present invention) in that it may be an ordinary gutter-wing burner, according to the prior art, having a pair of divergent wings 31 including air holes 35 and a row of fuel holes 39 on the burner pipe. Since the pilot burner supplies merely the genesis of the burner conflagration, the fuel input here usually remains constant at some relatively low value. The pilot burners therefore are ignited to form a flame which is transversely propagated at either end of the rectangular frame.
  • the main burners 41 form the basis of this invention, and are best illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the main burners may be longitudinally oriented with respect to the burner grid and may be supported by the transverse beams 21 as well as the rectangular frame.
  • the main burners are below or upstream of the pilot burners and are perpendicular thereto Flame propagation in the main burners is from either end of the rectangular support inwardly to approximately the middle of the rectangular frame.
  • the main burners are each formed from a burner pipe 49 from which extends a pair of horizontal wings 59.
  • the wings extend horizontally outward from the burner pipe and lie in a 180 plane with respect to one another and each wing lies at a 90 angle with respect to the vertical centerline of the burner pipe.
  • the wings therefore lie perpendicular to the flow of turbine exhaust gas.
  • the wings are imperforate, but are provided with periodic discontinuities or expansion slots 61 along the burner length to accommodate thermal expansion and limit thermal distortion.
  • the width of each burner wing may be in the order of one half the diameter of the burner pipe.
  • Each burner pipe includes a cap 65 to close one end of the burner forming thusly another blind pipe.
  • the downstream (with respect to the flow of gas as shown in FIG. 3) circumference of the burner pipe 49 includes a series of large and small holes symmetrical with respect to the vertical centerline of the pipe. These include main fuel ports 69 which are the larger holes and flame stabilization ports 71 which are the smaller holes. As an example, the ratio of the diameters between the main ports and the stabilization ports may be in the order of 2 to l.
  • the main fuel ports are disposed in pairs, one on each side of the vertical centerline of the burner pipe and each one port spaced a circumferential distance of 60 from the vertical centerline.
  • the flame stabilization holes or ports 71 are spaced in pairs which alternate with the main fuel ports along the burner length.
  • the stabilization ports are each spaced 30 degrees from the vertical centerline on opposite sides of the vertical centerline.
  • This manifold pipe 45 includes fuel distribution holes 55 which are formed along the top centerline of the pipe. These holes are in effect gas distribution holes occurring about once per every 3 pairs of main burner holes which assure uniform gas distribution into the burner pipe.
  • the ratio of the mean diameter of the manifold pipe to the mean diameter of the burner pipe may be in the order of 3 to 4.
  • the burner grid which may be enlarged or reduced in size according to the size of a gas turbine exhaust duct and also according to heating requirements, receives an upward draft of gas turbine exhaust gases having varying oxygen contents and velocities.
  • the pilot burners are fired by the ignitor and a supply of gas through gas inlet 27. This spreads two sheets of flame across the burner grid, one at each end. These flame sheets are for igniting the main burners and produce relatively small amounts of heat. Therefore, flame stability may be achieved by adjusting the fuel gas pressure to a minimum pressure.
  • the main gas burners are supplied with gas fuel from the gas inlets as shown.
  • Gas fuel is fed into the main burner pipe from the manifold pipe (FIG. 3) in order to uniformly distribute gas into the burner pipe.
  • the gas is ejected from the main gas ports and the flame stabilizing ports.
  • the exhaust gases immediately adjacent to the burner wings have a swirling motion imparted to them because of the burner wings obstructing their path. This causes an exhaust gas recirculation pattern above the burner as indicated in FIG. 3.
  • Fuel jets, from the flame stabilization ports are ejected into the recirculation pattern forming a combustible mixture which is ignited by the pilot flame. Because of the recirculation pattern, fuel jets may be completely burned in a stable flame.
  • fuel gas issuing from the main gas ports, is ejected laterally to either side of the recirculation zone, penetrating it, until it is caught in an upward draft of turbine exhaust gases as indicated in FIG. 3.
  • This upward draft and the fuel carried with it forms a combustible mixture peripheral to the stable flame which now acts as a pilot flame for the main burner ports. Again, flame stability is assured for all fuel pressures and complete combustion of all fuel gases will occur.
  • the fuel distribution manifold is inserted inside the main burner pipe as heretofore described. This internal manifold is fed with fuel gas at higher pressures up to 30 psig (or higher). A small number of fuel distribution holes in the inner pipe distributes the gas uniformly to the inside of the main burner pipe where the design pressure is around 1 psig or less. In this way uniform flames along the length of the burner are obtained.
  • a gas burner for heating an exhaust gas flow in a vitiated air environment comprising:
  • an elongated gas burner pipe at least one pair of oppositely directed, imperforate, horizontal wing baffles attached to said burner pipe, adapted to be perpendicular to said exhaust gas flow for directing a portion of said exhaust gas flow into a recirculation pattern downstream from said burner pipe;
  • flame stabilization fuel ports on the downstream circumference of the burner pipe for ejecting fuel into the recirculation pattern forming a first combustible mixture
  • main fuel ports on the downstream circumference of the burner pipe for ejecting fuel laterally beyond the recirculation pattern into the exhaust gas flow forming a second combustible mixture; said flame stabilization ports and said main fuel ports symmetrical with respect to the vertical centerline of the burner pipe; and, said flame stabilization ports circumferentially nearer the vertical centerline of the burner pipe and smaller in diameter than the main fuel ports.
  • each burner wing may be on the order of one half the diameter of the burner'pipe.
  • a gas burner for heating an exhaust gas flow in a vitiated air environment comprising:
  • baffles perforate horizontal wing baffles attached to said burner pipe and extending radially of the burner pipe, adapted to be perpendicular to said exhaust gas flow for directing a portion of said exhaust gas flow into a recirculation pattern downstream from said burner pipe, said baffles each having a width extending from the burner on the order of one half the diameter of the burner;
US00227788A 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator Expired - Lifetime US3830620A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00227788A US3830620A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator
DE2307102A DE2307102C2 (de) 1972-02-22 1973-02-14 Gasbrenner mit einer langgestreckten Brennerleitung
GB723373A GB1403123A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-02-14 Gas burner
CH226873A CH556505A (de) 1972-02-22 1973-02-16 Gasbrenner zur erhitzung verunreinigter luft oder von gasturbinenabgasen.
JP48020717A JPS5239170B2 (xx) 1972-02-22 1973-02-22

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00227788A US3830620A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3830620A true US3830620A (en) 1974-08-20

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00227788A Expired - Lifetime US3830620A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Gas burner for heat-recovery steam generator

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3830620A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5239170B2 (xx)
CH (1) CH556505A (xx)
DE (1) DE2307102C2 (xx)
GB (1) GB1403123A (xx)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5157035A (xx) * 1974-09-20 1976-05-19 Zink Co John
US3986817A (en) * 1975-04-09 1976-10-19 General Electric Company Grid burner pilot igniter
US4239482A (en) * 1978-04-12 1980-12-16 Durfee Edward P Fuel burner with air-deflecting object and method therefor
EP0025219A2 (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-03-18 Coen Company, Inc. Apparatus for heating a gas flowing through a duct
US4375952A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-03-08 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
US4462795A (en) * 1980-08-28 1984-07-31 Coen Company, Inc. Method of operating a wall fired duct heater
DE3410945A1 (de) * 1984-03-24 1985-10-03 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur verminderung der no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-bildung in mit kohlenstaub betriebenen feuerungsanlagen, insbesondere schmelzkammerfeuerungen, und feuerungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4548577A (en) * 1983-04-18 1985-10-22 Mcgill Incorporated Linear combustion apparatus for atmospheric burning of flare gases
US5527984A (en) * 1993-04-29 1996-06-18 The Dow Chemical Company Waste gas incineration
US6190163B1 (en) * 1998-02-24 2001-02-20 Beckett Gas, Inc. Burner nozzle
US20080145805A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Towler Gavin P Process of Using a Fired Heater
US20090311641A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Gunther Berthold Gas flame stabilization method and apparatus
WO2018027285A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap Gas burner for strong air flow
US20180216814A1 (en) * 2014-08-26 2018-08-02 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner
US10378441B2 (en) * 2014-02-12 2019-08-13 Fives Pillard In-stream burner module
US10808923B2 (en) 2014-06-16 2020-10-20 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Multi-stage duct fired heat recovery steam generator and methods of use
US20220065444A1 (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-03-03 Anderson Thermal Solutions (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Low-nox air heating swirl burner

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5018810A (xx) * 1973-06-19 1975-02-27
US4237858A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-12-09 John Zink Company Thin and flat flame burner

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2193176A (en) * 1938-03-28 1940-03-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Gas heater
US2621720A (en) * 1950-12-02 1952-12-16 Heatbath Appliances Inc Air-cooled gas burner
US2840152A (en) * 1956-02-07 1958-06-24 Zink Co John Gas burner heads
US3051464A (en) * 1958-10-20 1962-08-28 Maxon Premix Burner Company Air-heating gas burner
GB1010504A (en) * 1964-01-23 1965-11-17 John Harold Flynn Gas burner of selective flame distribution type
US3494712A (en) * 1968-07-01 1970-02-10 Coen Co Duct burner
US3574507A (en) * 1969-07-31 1971-04-13 Gen Electric Air/fuel mixing and flame-stabilizing device for fluid fuel burners

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3178161A (en) * 1963-03-05 1965-04-13 Maxon Premix Burner Company In Air heating gas burner
GB1148943A (en) * 1966-06-14 1969-04-16 Geo Bray & Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to gas burners

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2193176A (en) * 1938-03-28 1940-03-12 Phillips Petroleum Co Gas heater
US2621720A (en) * 1950-12-02 1952-12-16 Heatbath Appliances Inc Air-cooled gas burner
US2840152A (en) * 1956-02-07 1958-06-24 Zink Co John Gas burner heads
US3051464A (en) * 1958-10-20 1962-08-28 Maxon Premix Burner Company Air-heating gas burner
GB1010504A (en) * 1964-01-23 1965-11-17 John Harold Flynn Gas burner of selective flame distribution type
US3494712A (en) * 1968-07-01 1970-02-10 Coen Co Duct burner
US3574507A (en) * 1969-07-31 1971-04-13 Gen Electric Air/fuel mixing and flame-stabilizing device for fluid fuel burners

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5157035A (xx) * 1974-09-20 1976-05-19 Zink Co John
US3958922A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-05-25 John Zink Company Duct burner assembly
US3986817A (en) * 1975-04-09 1976-10-19 General Electric Company Grid burner pilot igniter
US4239482A (en) * 1978-04-12 1980-12-16 Durfee Edward P Fuel burner with air-deflecting object and method therefor
EP0025219A2 (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-03-18 Coen Company, Inc. Apparatus for heating a gas flowing through a duct
US4286945A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-09-01 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
EP0025219A3 (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-10-07 Coen Company, Inc. Improved wall fired duct heater and method for operating same
US4375952A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-03-08 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
US4462795A (en) * 1980-08-28 1984-07-31 Coen Company, Inc. Method of operating a wall fired duct heater
US4548577A (en) * 1983-04-18 1985-10-22 Mcgill Incorporated Linear combustion apparatus for atmospheric burning of flare gases
DE3410945A1 (de) * 1984-03-24 1985-10-03 Steag Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur verminderung der no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-bildung in mit kohlenstaub betriebenen feuerungsanlagen, insbesondere schmelzkammerfeuerungen, und feuerungsanlage zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US5527984A (en) * 1993-04-29 1996-06-18 The Dow Chemical Company Waste gas incineration
US6190163B1 (en) * 1998-02-24 2001-02-20 Beckett Gas, Inc. Burner nozzle
US20080145805A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-19 Towler Gavin P Process of Using a Fired Heater
US20090311641A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Gunther Berthold Gas flame stabilization method and apparatus
US10378441B2 (en) * 2014-02-12 2019-08-13 Fives Pillard In-stream burner module
US10808923B2 (en) 2014-06-16 2020-10-20 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Multi-stage duct fired heat recovery steam generator and methods of use
US20180216814A1 (en) * 2014-08-26 2018-08-02 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner
US10935233B2 (en) * 2014-08-26 2021-03-02 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner
US11852335B2 (en) 2014-08-26 2023-12-26 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner
CN109563989A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2019-04-02 阿格罗霜冻有限公司 用于强气流的燃气燃烧器
BE1024480B1 (nl) * 2016-08-08 2018-03-09 Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap Gasbrander voor sterke luchtstroom
CN109563989B (zh) * 2016-08-08 2020-03-06 阿格罗霜冻有限公司 用于强气流的燃气燃烧器
RU2716352C1 (ru) * 2016-08-08 2020-03-11 АГРОФРОСТ, наамлозе венноотшап Газовая горелка для сильного потока воздуха
WO2018027285A1 (en) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-15 Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap Gas burner for strong air flow
US10907825B2 (en) 2016-08-08 2021-02-02 Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap Gas burner for strong air flow
US20220065444A1 (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-03-03 Anderson Thermal Solutions (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. Low-nox air heating swirl burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5239170B2 (xx) 1977-10-04
JPS4894926A (xx) 1973-12-06
DE2307102C2 (de) 1983-12-22
GB1403123A (en) 1975-08-13
CH556505A (de) 1974-11-29
DE2307102A1 (de) 1973-09-06

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