US3822104A - Plug and seal design for adjustable blade propeller turbine - Google Patents

Plug and seal design for adjustable blade propeller turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3822104A
US3822104A US00304497A US30449772A US3822104A US 3822104 A US3822104 A US 3822104A US 00304497 A US00304497 A US 00304497A US 30449772 A US30449772 A US 30449772A US 3822104 A US3822104 A US 3822104A
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Prior art keywords
hub
plug
bore
wall
engaging
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US00304497A
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E Poet
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Voith Hydro Inc
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Allis Chalmers Corp
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Priority to US00304497A priority Critical patent/US3822104A/en
Priority to CA172,315A priority patent/CA976843A/en
Priority to JP1973128932U priority patent/JPS5248270Y2/ja
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Assigned to CONNECTICUT NATIONAL BANK THE, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION AS TRUSTEE, WOODS KATHLEEN D., AS TRUSTEE reassignment CONNECTICUT NATIONAL BANK THE, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION AS TRUSTEE SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALLIS-CHALMERS CORPORATION A DE CORP.
Assigned to ALLIS-CHALMERS HYDRO, INC., A DE CORP reassignment ALLIS-CHALMERS HYDRO, INC., A DE CORP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLIS-CHALMERS CORPORATION
Assigned to VOITH HYDRO, INC. reassignment VOITH HYDRO, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLIS-CHALMERS HYDRO, INC.
Assigned to ALLIS-CHALMERS CORPORATION reassignment ALLIS-CHALMERS CORPORATION RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CONNECTICUT NATIONAL BANK, THE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
    • F03B3/145—Mechanisms for adjusting the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the operating mechanism is in many instances contained within the hub. Such operating mechanism frequently requires a pivot pin which is supported inva bore in the hub wall. For ease of manufacture and assembly this bore usually extends completely'through the wall of the hub, and a plug is 1 required to seal the end of the bore.
  • a simplified design of such a plug is shown herein wherein an O-ring is utilized to seal the bore and a set screw is threaded into a bore partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall and is tack-welded in place;
  • the blades of an adjustable blade turbine frequently referredto in the industry as a Kaplan turbineare adjustable so as to obtain the optimum efficiency of the turbine under its entire range of operation.
  • the-turbine runner blades are pivotally supported by a hollowhub from which the blades project uniformally, thehub having suitable bearings which pivotally receive trunnions projecting from the blades.
  • the blades can be varied in pitch simultaneously between predetermined optimum open and closed positions within required limits by the use'of an operating mechanism such as a hydraulic servomotor usually contained within the hollow hub or in the turbine shaft- This operating mechanism is usually in the form of a hydraulic servomotor which is connected to a crank arm on the trunnion of the blades by means of a mechanical linkage.
  • thismechanical linkage requires a pivot pin which is usually supported in a bore which e xtends through the outer wall of the turbine hub. After the pin is properly inserted itis necessary to effectively seal the bore so that water passing around the outside of the .hub does not enter the interior thereof and also to keep the pressurized oilon the inside of the hub from leaking out.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a typical Kaplanrunner
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged section of the prior art plug and seal
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the new design plug and seal
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of a Kaplan runner utilizing the subject invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the mechanical linkage taken on line V-V of FIG. 4.
  • An additional object of the subject invention is to provide a plug for a pivot pin bore of a hydraulic turbine of the hereinbefore described type wherein the liquid seal is provided by an annular sealing element held in a groove provided in either the bore wall or plug surface and the plug is held in place by an engaging member contained in an opening partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall and tack-welded to the hub.
  • a more specific object of the subject invention is to provide a plug of the hereinbefore described type wherein an annular groove is provided in the plug to receive the annular sealing element and a threaded bore is provided partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall with a set screw turned therein, and the set screw is tack welded in place.
  • a hollow turbine runner hub is generally indicated as 6.
  • the hollow hub 6 has a plurality of circurnferentially spaced blades 7 (herein shown as 4) pivotally connected to the hub.
  • Each blade is provided with a trunnion 8 which extends through a sleeve bearing 9 and terminates in the interior of the hub.
  • the blades extendradially outward from the hub and areacted upon by the water to rotate the runner in-the conventional manner generally known in the art.
  • the operating mechanism for oscillatingthe turbine blades is alsocontained withinv the hub 6. As shown herein forpurposes of illustration, this. operating mechanism includes a reciprocable shaft 11 extending through the hub to a cross-head 12. This cross-head is connected by a mechanical linkage to the blade trunnion.
  • the mechanical linkage includes a link bolt 13 connected' to the crossrhead l2 and a set of links 10 connecting the link bolt to one arm 14 of a bell crank l5.
  • the other arm 16 of the bell crank is in turn connected to connecting links 17 which areattached to a rockerarm 18 connected to the trunnion 8.
  • the bell crank I5 ' is pivotally supported by a pivot pin-l9. One end of this pivot pin is supported in a bore 20 extending through the wall of the hub 6.
  • the new design includes an annular groove 27 provided in the outer surface of the plug 28.
  • a ring type sealing element herein shown as an O-ring 29 is inserted in the annular groove 27. It should be understood that this annular groove could be provided in the interior surface of the bore rather than the plug.
  • the plug 28 is then inserted in the bore and a threaded opening 31 is drilled and tapped. This opening is received partially in the wall of the hub 6 and the side wall of the plug 28.
  • a set screw 32 is then turned into the threaded bore 31 adequately holding the plug and hub against both rotational and axial relative movement. To insure the set screw stays in the 1.
  • a hydraulic turbine adapted for operation in a liquid medium having walls defining a hollow runner hub, blades having trunnions mounted for oscillation in said hub, operating means supported within said hub for imparting oscillating movement to said blades, mechanical linkage means connecting said operating means to said blades including a pivot pin supported in a bore extending through said hollow hub wall, and means for sealing said bore from the exterior of said hub comprising; a plug located in said bore between the terminal end of said pivot pin and the outer surface of said hub wall; a sealing ring engaging said plug and said bore wall to provide a liquid tight seal therebetween; walls defining a longitudinally extending opening existing partially in said hub wall and partially in said plug, the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

In many propeller type turbines the runner blades are supported in a hollow hub and are pivoted about their axes relative to the hub. The operating mechanism is in many instances contained within the hub. Such operating mechanism frequently requires a pivot pin which is supported in a bore in the hub wall. For ease of manufacture and assembly this bore usually extends completely through the wall of the hub, and a plug is required to seal the end of the bore. A simplified design of such a plug is shown herein wherein an O-ring is utilized to seal the bore and a set screw is threaded into a bore partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall and is tack-welded in place.

Description

United States Patent 1191 Poet [ PLUG AND SEAL DESIGN FOR ADJUSTABLE BLADE PROPELLER TURBINE 75] Inventor: Emanuel M. Poet, York, Pa.
[73] Assignee: Allis-Chalmers Corporation,
' Milwaukee, Wis.
22 Filed: Nov.7, 1972 [211 Appl. No.1 304,497
[52] us. (:1 416/168, 416/244, 416/174 [51] Int. vCl. .L F0ld7/00 [58] Field of Search 416/168, 174, 244, 205
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,253,661 5/1966 Feroy 416/168 3,380,536 4/1968 Pehrssonet 61; 416/174 3,389,920 6/1968 A1166 6161. 416/174 x FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 150,529 9/1937 Austria .Q. 416/168 1451 July 2, 1974 21934 I905 Great Britain 4l6/l74 Primary ExaminerEverette A. Powell. Jr. Attorney Agent, or Firm-John P. Hines 1571 ABSTRACT In many propeller type turbines the: runner blades are supported in a hollow hub and are pivoted about their axes relative to the hub. The operating mechanism is in many instances contained within the hub. Such operating mechanism frequently requires a pivot pin which is supported inva bore in the hub wall. For ease of manufacture and assembly this bore usually extends completely'through the wall of the hub, and a plug is 1 required to seal the end of the bore. A simplified design of such a plug is shown herein wherein an O-ring is utilized to seal the bore and a set screw is threaded into a bore partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall and is tack-welded in place;
2 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PLUG AND SEAL DESIGN FOR ADJUSTABLE BLADE PROPELLER TURBINE applicable to a propeller turbine wherein the guide vanes are adjusted by means of a mechanism contained within the turbine hub.
The blades of an adjustable blade turbine frequently referredto in the industry as a Kaplan turbineare adjustable so as to obtain the optimum efficiency of the turbine under its entire range of operation. Essentially the-turbine runner blades are pivotally supported by a hollowhub from which the blades project uniformally, thehub having suitable bearings which pivotally receive trunnions projecting from the blades. The blades can be varied in pitch simultaneously between predetermined optimum open and closed positions within required limits by the use'of an operating mechanism such as a hydraulic servomotor usually contained within the hollow hub or in the turbine shaft- This operating mechanism is usually in the form of a hydraulic servomotor which is connected to a crank arm on the trunnion of the blades by means of a mechanical linkage. Frequently thismechanical linkage requires a pivot pin which is usually supported in a bore which e xtends through the outer wall of the turbine hub. After the pin is properly inserted itis necessary to effectively seal the bore so that water passing around the outside of the .hub does not enter the interior thereof and also to keep the pressurized oilon the inside of the hub from leaking out.
In the past this bore hasbeen effectively sealed by inserting a plug in the bore and providing a weld between the adjacent surfaces of the plug and the hub. This procedure, although satisfactory, is considerably expensive because of the time involved in providing the weld. Furthermore, in the event that repair is required, the weld had to be removed which also was a time consuming operation. c
It is therefore the general intention and object of this invention to provide a plug for the pivot pin'bore of ation is read in light of the attacheddrawings wherein:
. FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a typical Kaplanrunner;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged section of the prior art plug and seal; 2
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the new design plug and seal; v
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of a Kaplan runner utilizing the subject invention; and
FIG. 5 is a view of the mechanical linkage taken on line V-V of FIG. 4.
hydraulic turbineof the hereinbefore described type which can be more easily installed and removed than prior art plugs.
An additional object of the subject invention is to provide a plug for a pivot pin bore of a hydraulic turbine of the hereinbefore described type wherein the liquid seal is provided by an annular sealing element held in a groove provided in either the bore wall or plug surface and the plug is held in place by an engaging member contained in an opening partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall and tack-welded to the hub.
A more specific object of the subject invention is to provide a plug of the hereinbefore described type wherein an annular groove is provided in the plug to receive the annular sealing element and a threaded bore is provided partially in the plug and partially in the hub wall with a set screw turned therein, and the set screw is tack welded in place.
These and other objects of the subject invention will become more fully apparent as thefollowing descrip- Referring tothe. drawings a hollow turbine runner hub is generally indicated as 6. The hollow hub 6 has a plurality of circurnferentially spaced blades 7 (herein shown as 4) pivotally connected to the hub. Each blade is provided with a trunnion 8 which extends through a sleeve bearing 9 and terminates in the interior of the hub. The blades extendradially outward from the hub and areacted upon by the water to rotate the runner in-the conventional manner generally known in the art.
The operating mechanism for oscillatingthe turbine blades is alsocontained withinv the hub 6. As shown herein forpurposes of illustration, this. operating mechanism includes a reciprocable shaft 11 extending through the hub to a cross-head 12. This cross-head is connected by a mechanical linkage to the blade trunnion.
- The mechanical linkage includes a link bolt 13 connected' to the crossrhead l2 and a set of links 10 connecting the link bolt to one arm 14 of a bell crank l5. The other arm 16 of the bell crank is in turn connected to connecting links 17 which areattached to a rockerarm 18 connected to the trunnion 8. The bell crank I5 'is pivotally supported by a pivot pin-l9. One end of this pivot pin is supported in a bore 20 extending through the wall of the hub 6. i
I Referring now to FIG. 2, in the prior art design the pivot pin was sealed from the exterior of the hub by means of a plug 21 inserted in theouter end of the bore 20 and held in place by a weld ring 22. A threaded bore 23 was provided in the plug 21 and a threaded insert 24 was thenturned into the threaded bore. This insert was again welded to the plug as at 26. It can be seen that this design required considerable time both in application and in the event that removal was necessary.
Now referring to FIG. 3 the new design includes an annular groove 27 provided in the outer surface of the plug 28. A ring type sealing element herein shown as an O-ring 29 is inserted in the annular groove 27. It should be understood that this annular groove could be provided in the interior surface of the bore rather than the plug. The plug 28 is then inserted in the bore and a threaded opening 31 is drilled and tapped. This opening is received partially in the wall of the hub 6 and the side wall of the plug 28. A set screw 32 is then turned into the threaded bore 31 adequately holding the plug and hub against both rotational and axial relative movement. To insure the set screw stays in the 1. A hydraulic turbine adapted for operation in a liquid medium having walls defining a hollow runner hub, blades having trunnions mounted for oscillation in said hub, operating means supported within said hub for imparting oscillating movement to said blades, mechanical linkage means connecting said operating means to said blades including a pivot pin supported in a bore extending through said hollow hub wall, and means for sealing said bore from the exterior of said hub comprising; a plug located in said bore between the terminal end of said pivot pin and the outer surface of said hub wall; a sealing ring engaging said plug and said bore wall to provide a liquid tight seal therebetween; walls defining a longitudinally extending opening existing partially in said hub wall and partially in said plug, the
outer end of said opening being open to the exterior of said hub and the inner end presenting blind end walls terminating short of said seal ring; engaging means contained in said opening and engaging both said hub and said plug to prohibit relative rotation therebetween and engaging said end walls to prohibit relative longitudinal movement therebetween; and a tack weld between said engaging means and said hub to hold said engaging means and said plug in place.
2. The hydraulic turbine sealing means set forth in claim 1 wherein said opening is a threaded bore and said engaging means is a set screw which prevents both relative rotational and longitudinal movement between said plug and said hub. v

Claims (2)

1. A hydraulic turbine adapted for operation in a liquid medium having walls defining a hollow runner hub, blades having trunnions mounted for oscillation in said hub, operating means supporTed within said hub for imparting oscillating movement to said blades, mechanical linkage means connecting said operating means to said blades including a pivot pin supported in a bore extending through said hollow hub wall, and means for sealing said bore from the exterior of said hub comprising; a plug located in said bore between the terminal end of said pivot pin and the outer surface of said hub wall; a sealing ring engaging said plug and said bore wall to provide a liquid tight seal therebetween; walls defining a longitudinally extending opening existing partially in said hub wall and partially in said plug, the outer end of said opening being open to the exterior of said hub and the inner end presenting blind end walls terminating short of said seal ring; engaging means contained in said opening and engaging both said hub and said plug to prohibit relative rotation therebetween and engaging said end walls to prohibit relative longitudinal movement therebetween; and a tack weld between said engaging means and said hub to hold said engaging means and said plug in place.
2. The hydraulic turbine sealing means set forth in claim 1 wherein said opening is a threaded bore and said engaging means is a set screw which prevents both relative rotational and longitudinal movement between said plug and said hub.
US00304497A 1972-11-07 1972-11-07 Plug and seal design for adjustable blade propeller turbine Expired - Lifetime US3822104A (en)

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US00304497A US3822104A (en) 1972-11-07 1972-11-07 Plug and seal design for adjustable blade propeller turbine
CA172,315A CA976843A (en) 1972-11-07 1973-05-23 Plug and seal design for adjustable blade propeller turbine
JP1973128932U JPS5248270Y2 (en) 1972-11-07 1973-11-07

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5947679A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-09-07 Voith Hydro, Inc. Adjustable blade turbines
US5954474A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-09-21 Voith Hydro, Inc. Hydro-turbine runner
US6042337A (en) * 1996-04-29 2000-03-28 Kvaerner Turbin Aktiebolag Sealing system for a hydraulic machine
US20160025062A1 (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Andritz Hydro Gmbh Water turbine
US10835879B2 (en) * 2016-03-01 2020-11-17 Sulzer Management Ag Vane for an impeller of an agitator, impeller and agitator
DE102021109432B3 (en) 2021-04-15 2022-06-23 Voith Patent Gmbh Process for the manufacture of a sliding bearing arrangement

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190521934A (en) * 1905-10-27 1906-03-29 John I Thorncroft & Co Ltd Improvements in Propellers.
AT150529B (en) * 1934-07-17 1937-09-10 Voith J M Fa Impeller with moving blades for centrifugal machines.
US3253661A (en) * 1965-01-21 1966-05-31 Feroy Arne Impeller blade connection
US3380536A (en) * 1967-07-10 1968-04-30 Karlstads Mek Ab Propeller sealing device
US3389920A (en) * 1966-07-25 1968-06-25 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Floating seal for adjustable blade

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190521934A (en) * 1905-10-27 1906-03-29 John I Thorncroft & Co Ltd Improvements in Propellers.
AT150529B (en) * 1934-07-17 1937-09-10 Voith J M Fa Impeller with moving blades for centrifugal machines.
US3253661A (en) * 1965-01-21 1966-05-31 Feroy Arne Impeller blade connection
US3389920A (en) * 1966-07-25 1968-06-25 Dominion Eng Works Ltd Floating seal for adjustable blade
US3380536A (en) * 1967-07-10 1968-04-30 Karlstads Mek Ab Propeller sealing device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5947679A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-09-07 Voith Hydro, Inc. Adjustable blade turbines
US5954474A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-09-21 Voith Hydro, Inc. Hydro-turbine runner
US6164907A (en) * 1996-03-28 2000-12-26 Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation Inc. Adjustable blade turbines
US6254339B1 (en) 1996-03-28 2001-07-03 Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation, Inc. Hydro-turbine runner
US6402477B1 (en) * 1996-03-28 2002-06-11 Voith Siemens Hydro Power Generation, Inc. Adjustable blade turbines
US6533536B1 (en) 1996-03-28 2003-03-18 Voith Hydro, Inc. Hydro-turbine runner
US6042337A (en) * 1996-04-29 2000-03-28 Kvaerner Turbin Aktiebolag Sealing system for a hydraulic machine
US20160025062A1 (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-01-28 Andritz Hydro Gmbh Water turbine
US10835879B2 (en) * 2016-03-01 2020-11-17 Sulzer Management Ag Vane for an impeller of an agitator, impeller and agitator
DE102021109432B3 (en) 2021-04-15 2022-06-23 Voith Patent Gmbh Process for the manufacture of a sliding bearing arrangement
WO2022218622A1 (en) 2021-04-15 2022-10-20 Voith Patent Gmbh Method for producing a sliding bearing arrangement

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Publication number Publication date
CA976843A (en) 1975-10-28
JPS4988173U (en) 1974-07-31
JPS5248270Y2 (en) 1977-11-02

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