US3806735A - Tap changing transfer switch having series breaks - Google Patents

Tap changing transfer switch having series breaks Download PDF

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Publication number
US3806735A
US3806735A US00365643A US36564373A US3806735A US 3806735 A US3806735 A US 3806735A US 00365643 A US00365643 A US 00365643A US 36564373 A US36564373 A US 36564373A US 3806735 A US3806735 A US 3806735A
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United States
Prior art keywords
current path
tap
load current
auxiliary
pair
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00365643A
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English (en)
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W Breuer
A Bleibtreu
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current

Definitions

  • This invention refers to tap-changing transfer switches and more particularly tap-changing transfer switches of the Jansen type which include ohmic tapchanging resistors which are inserted into the load circuit during tap-changing operations, but are not inserted into the load circuit when the load current is continuously derived from one and the same tap of a tapped transformer winding.
  • Tap changing transfer switches of the aforementioned kind are well known in the art and are described in considerable detail in US. Pat. No. 3,176,089 to A. Bleibtreu et al., Mar. 30, 1965 for LOAD TAP CHANGERS FOR TRANSFORMERS and reference may be had to this patent for details of Jansen type transfer switches in general which details have no immediate bearing on the present invention.
  • a tap changing regulating transformer includes the three following units: (a) a tapped transformer winding; (b) a transfer switch proper for switching load currents including overload currents; and (c) a selector switch interposed between the tapped transformer winding for selecting the pair of taps between which a tap-changing operation is to be performed.
  • This invention can be fully understood without reference to the selector switch circuitry, and a consideration of its presence has, therefore, been deleted below. It may be mentioned, however, that transfer switches and the way in which such switches are associated with a transformer winding and with a transfer switch proper is disclosed in the above referred to patent to A. Bleibtreu et al.
  • J ansen-type transfer switches As the voltage of tapped regulating transformers and the power thereof increased, it became necessary, or desirable, to substitute in J ansen-type transfer switches for each switching means having a pair of separable contacts serially arranged switching means capable of forming series breaks when their contacts are separated, or in the open positions thereof.
  • Another reason for adopting series-break-forming switching means in J ansen-type transfer switches resides in the fact that the voltage between contiguous taps of a tapped transformer winding tends to increase whenever it is desired to cover a relatively large voltage range with a minimum of taps.
  • Transfer switches embodying this invention include means establishing a first load current branch extending from a first transformer winding tap to a load, and means establishing a second load current branch extending from a second transformer winding tap to said load.
  • Each said first load current branch and said second load current branch includes a main current path and an auxiliary current path parallel to said main current path.
  • Said main current path and said auxiliary current path of each said first and second load current branch are provided with at least two serially arranged switch means having relatively movable contacts forming series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • the auxiliary current path of said first and said second load current branch each include a switch-over resistor conductively interconnecting said serially arranged switch means therein.
  • the transfer switches further include a pair of potential control resistors for controlling the potential distribution in said main current path of said first and said second load current branch.
  • Each of said pair of potential control resistors conductively interconnects one point situated between two of said serially arranged switch means in said main current path with one resistor tap situated between the ends of said switch-over resistor.
  • Transfer switches embodying this invention include further an additional potential control resistor for controlling the potential distribution in said auxiliary current path of said first and second load current branch.
  • Said additional control resistor and one of said switch means in said auxiliary current path of said first and said second load current branch form a direct conductive connection between the tap end of said first load current branch and the tap end of said second load current branch.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a tapchanging transfer switch embodying the present invention, FIG. 1 showing the switch in one of its two limit positions;
  • FIG. 2 shows the same switch as FIG. 1 and in the same fashion as FIG. 1 and shows the constituent parts thereof in a first intermediate position between its two limit positions;
  • FIG. 3 shows the same switch as FIG. 1 in the same fashion as FIG. 1 and shows the constituent parts thereof in a second intermediate position between its two limit positions;
  • FIG. 4 shows the same switch as FIG. 1 in the same fashion as FIG. 1 and shows the constituent parts thereof in a third intermediate position between its two limit positions;
  • FIG. 5 shows the same switch as FIG. 1 in the same fashion as FIG. 1 and shows the constituent parts thereof in the other of its two limit position;
  • FIG. 6 shows a modification of the switch shown in FIGS. l-S, inclusive, in the same fashion as FIGS. 1-5 in a position other than any of its normal operating positions, i.e., with all its constituent contact means being open and forming breaks therebetween.
  • FIGS. 1-5 DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • reference characters U, and U have been applied to indicate two contiguous taps of a tapped transformer winding.
  • the load current derived from tap U flows from that tap by way of load current branch L, to a load not shown.
  • the load current is derived from tap U, and flows from that tap by way of load current branch L, to a load not shown.
  • Load current branch L includes the main current path I and the auxiliary current path III arranged parallel to the main current path I.
  • load current branch L includes the main current path II and the auxiliary current path IV arranged parallel to the main current path II.
  • the main current path I is provided with at least two serially connected main switch means I, and I, having relatively movable contacts and forming series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • the main current path II of load current branch L is provided with at least two serially connected main switch means II, and II, having relatively movable contacts and forming series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • the auxiliary current path III is provided with at least two serially connected auxiliary switch means III, and III, having relatively movable contacts and forming series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • auxiliary current path IV is provided with at least two serially connected auxiliary switch means IV, and IV, having relatively movable contacts and forming series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • Reference characters R, and R have been applied to indicate a pair of switch-over resistors, or tap-changing resistors, which are inserted into the load circuit when performing a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U,, or from tap U, to tap U,.
  • Resistor R is subdivided into two serially connected resistor portions R,, and R,, and a tap is formed between the two resistor portions R,, and R,,.
  • switchover or tap-changing resistor R is subdivided into two resistor portions R and R,, and a tap is formed between resistor portions R,, and R,,.
  • the tap formed between resistor portions R,, and R, is conductively connected by means of potential control resistor R to a point of main current path I situated between switch means I, and 1,.
  • the tap formed between resistor portions R and R is conductively connected by means of potential control resistor R, to a point of main current path II situated between switch means II, and II,.
  • Reference character R has been applied to indicate an additional potential control resistor. This resistor R, is provided for controlling the potential distribution in auxiliary current paths III and IV.
  • Resistor R, and switch means III, and IV when closed, form a direct conductive connection between taps U, and U, or, in other words, resistor R and switch means III, and IV,, when closed, form a direct conductive connection between the tap-end of load current branch L, and the tap-end of load current branch L,.
  • Resistor R has a high ohmic value so that the current flowing directly from tap U, to tap U, or vice versa through circuit elements III,,R and IV, is quite small.
  • Switch means I, and I are supposed to open and to close simultaneously, and to this end they may be tied together mechanically as indicated in the drawings by a dotted line.
  • the first step in performing a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U consists in simultaneously closing auxiliary switch means III, and III, in auxiliary current path III, and shortly thereafter simultaneously opening main switch means I, and I, in main current path I.
  • This position of parts is shown in FIG. 2.
  • Closing of switch means III, and III results in a voltage drop across resistor R,. That voltage drop is used along with the voltage drop along potential resistor R, for controlling or equalizing the potential across main switch means I, and I,.
  • the latter switch means open an arc may be formed across each of the resulting breaks, but such arcs extinguish at the first current zero.
  • the entire load current is carried by auxiliary current path III and auxiliary switches III, and III, and the current is then limited by the insertion of resistor R, into the aforementioned current path.
  • the next step in performing a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U consists in closing the two auxiliary switch means IV, and IV, in auxiliary current path IV, resulting in the position of parts shown in FIG. 3.
  • a flow of a circulat ing current from tap U, through resistor R, and switch means III, and III, and resistor R, and switch means IV, and IV, to tap U The magnitude of that circulating current is limited by the sum of resistors R, and R,.
  • another circulating current whose path extends from tap U, through switch means III,, resistor R, and switch means IV, to tap U,. This circulating current is minimal on account of the magnitude of resistor R,.
  • the next step in performing a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U consists in interrupting the auxiliary current path III by simultaneously opening switch means III, and III,. This results in the position of parts shown in FIG. 4. Forming of breaks at III, and III, may result in the formation of arcs at these breaks, but these arcs are short-lived and extinguish at the first current zero. When the switch means III, and III, open, a recovery voltage appears across the separated contacts thereof.
  • the recovery voltage across the separated contacts of switch means III corresponds to the voltage drop across switch-over resistor R
  • the magnitude of switch-over resistor R may be determined in such a way that the voltage drop along switch-over resistor R is equal to the voltage normally prevailing between contiguous taps U, and U
  • the recovery voltage appearing across the separated contacts of switch means III is equal to the difference in potential taps U, and U since the portion of the transformer winding between taps U, and U closed switch means IV, and resistor R is connected across the break formed by the separated contacts of switch means III Hence the recovery voltage is evenly distributed across the two series breaks formed by auxiliary switch means III, and III,.
  • the next step in performing a tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U consists in simultaneously closing the main contact means II, and II,. This establishes a direct current path from tap U, to the load (not shown). Thereafter auxiliary switch means IV, and IV, are opened simultaneously. No arcing occurs when these switch means are opened since the current path II forms a very low resistance shunt across the current path IV. Opening of contact means IV, and [V terminates the tap-changing operation from tap U, to tap U.
  • the second limit position of the transfer switch which is established when the entire load current is derived only from tap U, is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the transfer switch does not require any additional switch means for the control of the recovery voltage across its four pairs of switch means I, and 1,; II, and II,, III, and III, and IV, and W i.e., it does not require any additional switch means for switching either of the potential control resistors R ,R., and R
  • the circuitry of FIG. 6 is intended for applications where tap-changing operations must be performed during protracted periods of overload.
  • FIG. 6 the same reference characters as in FIGS. 1 to 5, inclusive, have been applied to indicate like parts.
  • FIG. 6 calls for a description of such features only which differ from those shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • resistor R is sub-divided into three sections R ,,,R,,, and R,
  • resistor R is sub-divided into three sections R ,,R and R
  • systems embodying the present invention include a tapped transformer winding having a first tap U, and a contiguous second tap U
  • Such systems further include a first load current branch L, for conductively connecting said first tap U, to a load, and a second load current branch L, for conductively connecting said second tap U, to a load.
  • Each said first load current branch L, and said second load current branch L include a main current path I and II, and an auxiliary path III and IV parallel to said main current path.
  • Systems embodying this invention further include two pairs of jointly movable main switch means I,,I and II,,II having relatively movable contacts.
  • One pair I,,I of said two pairs of main switch means I,,I,;II,,II is arranged in series in said main current path I of said first load current branch L, and form series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • the other pair II,,II, of said main switch means is arranged in series in the main current path II of said second load current branch L, and forms series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • Systems embodying this invention further include two pairs of jointly movable auxiliary switch means III,,III and IV,,IV having relatively movable contacts.
  • One pair III,,III of said two pairs of auxiliary switch means III,,III ;IV,,IV is arranged in series in said auxiliary current path III of said first load current branch L, and forms series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • the other pair IV,,IV, of said two pairs of auxiliary switch means III,,III and IV,,IV is arranged in series in the auxiliary current path IV of said second load current branch L, and forms series breaks in the open positions thereof.
  • Systems embodying this invention further include a pair of switch-over resistors R,,R,.
  • One of said pair of switch-over resistors R,,R is interposed between said one pair III,,III, of said two pairs III,,III and IV,,IV, of auxiliary switch means and the other of said two pairs of switch-over resistors R,,R is interposed between said other pair IV,,IV of said two pairs III,,III, and IV,,IV of auxiliary switch means.
  • Systems embodying this invention further include a pair of potential control resistors R ,R for controlling the potential distribution in said main current path I of said first'load current branch L, and in said main current path II of said second load current branch L,.
  • One of said potential control resistors R.,,R conductively interconnects one point of said one of said pair of switch-over resistors R,,R, situated between the ends thereof with one point situated between said one pair I,,I of said pairs of main switch means I,,I and II,,II
  • the other of said pair of potential control resistors R,,R conductively interconnects one point of said other of said pair of switch-over resistors R,,R situated between the ends thereof with one point situated between said other pair II,,II of said two pairs I,,I, and II,,II of main switch means.
  • Systems embodying this invention further include an additional potential control resistor R for controlling the potential distribution of said auxiliary current path III of said first load current branch L and in said auxiliary current path IV of said second load current branch L
  • Said additional potential control resistor R forms part of an additional current path extending from said first tap U, to said second tap U
  • the aforementioned additional current path includes one of said auxiliary switch means H1 in said auxiliary current path III of said first load current branch L said additional control resistor R and one of said auxiliary switch means [V in said auxiliary current path IV of said second load current branch L
  • a. means establishing a first load current branch from a first transformer winding tap to a load; b. means establishing a second load current branch from a second transformer winding tap to said load;
  • each said first load current branch and said second load current branch including a main current path and an auxiliary current path parallel to said main current path, each said main current path and said auxiliary current path being provided with at least two serially arranged switch means having relatively movable contacts forming series breaks in the open positions thereof, and said auxiliary current path of said first and second load current branch each including a switch-over resistor conductively interconnecting two of said serially arranged switch means therein;
  • a pair of potential control resistors for controlling the potential distribution in said main current path of said first and of said second load current branch, each of said pair of potential control resistors conductively interconnecting one point situated between two of said serially arranged switch means in said main current path with one resistor tap situated between the ends of said switch-over resistor;
  • an additional potential control resistor for controlling the potential distribution in said auxiliary current path of said first and second load current branch, said additional potential control resistor and one of said switch means in said auxiliary current path of said first and said second load current branch forming a direct conductive connection between the tap end of said first load current branch and the tap end of said second load current branch.
  • each said first load current branch and said second load current branch including a main current path and an auxiliary current path parallel to said main current path;
  • a pair of potential control resistors for controlling the potential distribution in said main current path of said first load current branch and in said main current path of said second load current branch, one of said pair of potential control resistors conductively interconnecting one point of said one of said pair of switch-over resistors situated between the ends thereof with one point situated between said one pair of said two pairs of main switch means, and the other of said pair of potential control resistors conductively interconnecting one point of said other of said pair of switch-over resistors situated between the ends thereof with one point situated between said other pair of said two pairs of main switch means; and
  • an additional potential control resistor for controlling the potential distribution in said auxiliary current path of said first load current branch and in said auxiliary current path of said second load current branch, said additional potential control resistor forming part of an additional current path extending from said first tap to said second tap and including one of said auxiliary switch means in said auxiliary current path of said first load current branch, said additional potential control resistor and one of said auxiliary switch means in said auxiliary current path of said second load current branch.
  • said additional current path includes a portion of each said pair of switch-over resistors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US00365643A 1972-06-20 1973-05-31 Tap changing transfer switch having series breaks Expired - Lifetime US3806735A (en)

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DE2230008A DE2230008C2 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1972-06-20 1972-06-20

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US (1) US3806735A (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
JP (1) JPS5242449B2 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
AT (1) AT325159B (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
BG (1) BG20632A3 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
CH (1) CH549270A (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
DE (1) DE2230008C2 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
FR (1) FR2189842B1 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
GB (1) GB1399681A (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
NL (1) NL152696B (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
SE (1) SE378323B (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)
SU (1) SU697061A3 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4185177A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-01-22 Mcgraw-Edison Company Latch operated tap changing switch for transformer regulating system
US4520246A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-05-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha On-load tap changer of the type of vacuum switches

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2547215C2 (de) * 1975-10-22 1983-09-22 Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Lastumschalter für Stufenschalter von Regeltransformatoren
RU2460163C1 (ru) * 2008-08-27 2012-08-27 Машиненфабрик Райнхаузен Гмбх Способ безобрывного переключения между отводами обмотки трансформатора со ступенчатым регулированием напряжения

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174097A (en) * 1962-02-08 1965-03-16 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tap changers for regulating transformers

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174097A (en) * 1962-02-08 1965-03-16 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Transfer switch for tap changers for regulating transformers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4185177A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-01-22 Mcgraw-Edison Company Latch operated tap changing switch for transformer regulating system
US4520246A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-05-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha On-load tap changer of the type of vacuum switches

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BG20632A3 (bg) 1975-12-05
FR2189842A1 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1974-01-25
GB1399681A (en) 1975-07-02
FR2189842B1 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1978-04-14
SU697061A3 (ru) 1979-11-05
JPS4957322A (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1974-06-04
JPS5242449B2 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1977-10-25
AT325159B (de) 1975-10-10
DE2230008B1 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1973-05-10
CH549270A (de) 1974-05-15
DE2230008C2 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1974-05-02
DE2230008A1 (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1973-05-10
NL152696B (nl) 1977-03-15
SE378323B (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1975-08-25
NL7308429A (US20100170793A1-20100708-C00006.png) 1973-12-27

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