US3794106A - Plant for producing a metal band from a melt - Google Patents

Plant for producing a metal band from a melt Download PDF

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Publication number
US3794106A
US3794106A US00195191A US3794106DA US3794106A US 3794106 A US3794106 A US 3794106A US 00195191 A US00195191 A US 00195191A US 3794106D A US3794106D A US 3794106DA US 3794106 A US3794106 A US 3794106A
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Prior art keywords
rolls
band
crystallizing
metal
zone
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US00195191A
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V Barsukov
P Kalashnikov
M Krasnov
S Burakov
V Grebennikov
D Yassky
G Tsarev
G Yarovinsky
E Nikolaenko
A Stepanov
A Kuperman
E Mikotin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/064—Accessories therefor for supplying molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels

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  • ABSTRACT A metal band producing plant in which there is provided rotating rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with said rolls having a crystallizing zone which is limited by annular projections whose height is less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which zone is located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the crystallizing zone.
  • the present invention is used most effectively for producing metal band up to 3-4 mm thick from ironnickel-and copper-base alloys.
  • the produced band can be cut for use in the form of separate sheets.
  • the invention can be utilized for producing metal band up to mm thick from alloys based on aluminium and iron.
  • PRIOR ART Widely known in the art is the metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting on rotating rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with surplus metal being freely discharged at the roll ends.
  • the molten metal is poured into the interroll space formed by the closed rotating rolls cooled with water from the inside.
  • the butt ends of the rolls are provided with built-in flanges. Rising to a certain level in the interroll space, the molten metal forms a wedge. Coming in contact with the roll surface, the molten metal in the wedge cools down and crystallizes. The crusts of solid metal formed on the surface of the rolls are welded to each other and leave the rolls in the form of a band.
  • edge portions of the band is seriously influenced by the solid flanges built into the roll ends. Said flanges impair the cooling of the rolls at the end and interfere with their expansion in this zone when they are heated by the crystallizing metal. As a result, the rolls bulge out in the middle to a larger extent than at the ends.
  • Irregular deformation of the roll increases the clearance between the working surfaces of the rolls at the end zones which reduces the contact between said rolls and the crystallizing metal. This impairs the stability of band formation and increases variations in the band thickness which affects adversely the quality of the produced band.
  • An object of the invention resides in eliminating the aforesaid disadvantages.
  • the main object of the invention is to provide a metal band producing plant which ensures stable forming and a uniform thickness of the band.
  • This object is accomplished by providing a metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting on rotating rolls for crystallization of molten metal into a band with surplus metal freely discharged at the roll ends wherein, according to the invention, the rolls have a crystallizing zone which is limited by annular projections whose height is less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which zone is located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the crystallizing zone.
  • the crystallizing zone be located -250 mm from the roll ends.
  • FIG. 1 is a general view in longitudinal section and partly cut away of the plant according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing relative positions of the rotating rolls and metal band according to the in vention.
  • the metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting, according to the invention com- .prises a frame 1 (FIG. 1) accommodating rolls 3 mounted in bearings 2 for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with said rolls being pressed against each other and rotating in opposite directions as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the rotating rolls 3 have a zone 5 (FIG. 2) on their outer surfaces 4, with said zone being provided for the crystallization of molten metal and forming of a band 6 (FIG. 3).
  • the crystallizing zone 5 is limited by annular projections 7 (FIG. 2) located on the outer surface 4 of the rolls 3 and is set at such a distance from butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the zone of their contact with the molten metal, i.e., in the crystallizing zone 5.
  • the most rational distance between the crystallizing zone 5 and the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 which ensures a minimum relative deformation of rolls 3 in said zone is 150-250 mm.
  • this distance ensures stable deformation of the crystallizing band 6 which in turn, ensures minimum variations of the band thickness.
  • the height of the annular projections 7 is set to be less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band 6. On these projections 7 are crystallized edges 9 of the band 6, with said edges being thinner than the main part of the band 6.
  • edges 9 of the band 6 are thinner and, correspondingly, have a lower temperature of crystallization, their strength within this temperature range is higher than that of the main band which rules out the destruction of the band edges as the band leaves the rolls.
  • the rolls 3 are pressed together by a hydraulic piston cylinder 10 (FIG. I) through housings ll of the bearings 2 which can slide over the guides located on the frame 1.
  • the rolls 3 are rotated by a drive 13 via a cardan shaft 14 (FIG. 2) connected with journals 15 secured on the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3.
  • the surplus metal 16 (FIG. 3) is freely discharged through means 23 located in the butt ends of the rolls 3; then, it is accumulated and removed by conduits 17 (FIG. 1) installed under the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 on trolleys 18 which have a travelling motion drive (not shown in the drawings).
  • Any droplets of metal stuck to the outer surfaces 4 of the rolls 3 can be cleaned off by wire brushes l9 mounted on the frame 1 and provided with an individual rotation drive 20 (FIG. 2).
  • the rolls 3 are cooled with water flowing into and out of the rolls 3 through holes 21 (FIG. 1) which are located in the journals of the rolls 3.
  • the metal band producing plant covered by the present invention operates as follows:
  • the drive 13 for rotation of the crystallizing rolls 3 is turned on after which the rolls 3 are pressed together by the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 10.
  • the molten metal is poured from a ladle or furnace (not shown in the drawings) into the receiving-and-distributing device (not shown in the drawings) from which it is fed onto the rolls 3, forming a wedge-shaped bath of liquid metal in the gap between the outer surfaces 4 of the rolls 3.
  • the molten metal cools down and starts crystallizing in the layers immediately adjoining the roll surfaces 4.
  • the rotating rolls carry the crystallizing layers of metal into the roll closing zone where these layers acted upon by the pressing force are welded into a continuous band 6 which leaves the rolls 3 and enters a band stripper 22.
  • the amount of molten metal fed onto the rolls 3 is somewhat larger than required in order to carry away any scabs, nonmetallic inclusions, etc. accumulating on the surface of the metal bath.
  • the surplus metal 1 is discharged at the butt ends of the rolls through drainage grooves and accumulated in the conduits 17.
  • the molten metal crystallizes in that zone of the rolls whose deformation is relatively uniform throughout its length. This provides for a constant contact between the crystallizing metal and the roll surfaces and stabilizes the process of band formation.
  • the formed band 6 with narrow thin strips at the edges 9 formed on the projections 7 moves undamaged into the band stripper 22 and thence it is carried for winding into a coil.
  • the band thus formed can be used later for making metal sheets.
  • Formation of metal band in the plant according to the invention ensures stable production of cast metal bands and, if necessary, sheets with a satisfactory surface and uniform thickness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

A metal band producing plant in which there is provided rotating rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with said rolls having a crystallizing zone which is limited by annular projections whose height is less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which zone is located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the crystallizing zone.

Description

Sttes Barsultov et a1.
atent r191 PLANT FOR PRODUCING A METAL BAND FROM A MELT [76] Inventors: Vladimir Vasilievich Barsukov, ulitsa Bogatogo, 39/41, kv. 24; Savely Leonidovich Burakov, Treugolny pereulok, 13, kv. 23; Vladimir Vissarionovich Grebennikov, ulitsa R.Ljuxemburg, 4, kv. 12; Petr Georgievich Kalashnikov, ulitsa 25 Chapaevskoi divizii, 10, korpus 2, kv. 23; Miron Vasilievich Krasnov, doroga Kotovskogo, 191, kv. 5; Alexandr Yankelevich Kuperman, ulitsa Tomasa, 4, kv. 9; Evgeny Emelyanovich Miltotin, ulitsa Gaidara, 37, kv. l2; Evgeny Grigorievich Nikolaenko, ulitsa Lastochkina, 9, kv. 6; Alexandr Nlkolaevich Stepanov, ulitsa Sverdlova, 97, kv. 68; Georgy Grigorievieh Tsarev, ulitsa Bogatogo, 39, kv. 9; Grigory Abramovich Yarovinsky, Treugolny pereulok, 13, kv. 14; Dolya losifovich Yassky, ulitsa Zaslavskogo, 5, kv.. 6, all of Odessa, USSR.
[22] Filed: Nov. 3, 1971 [2]] Appl. No.: 195,191
[30] 7 Foreign Application Priority Data May 19, 1971 U.S.S.R 1652352 [52] US. Cl. 164/277, 164/283 M [51] int. Cl 322d 11/06 [58] Field of Search 164/87, 277
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 49,053 7/1865 Bessemer 164/87 1,756,196 4/1930 Hopkins et al.... 164/87 1,903,897 4/1933 Harris 164/277 2,962,777 12/1960 Harrison.... 164/87 X 3,120,037 2/1964 Scribner 164/87 X 3,650,314 3/1972 Tarmann et al. 164/282 X FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 581,952 10/1924 France 164/87 Primary Examiner-R. Spencer Annear Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Holman & Stern 5 7] ABSTRACT A metal band producing plant in which there is provided rotating rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with said rolls having a crystallizing zone which is limited by annular projections whose height is less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which zone is located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the crystallizing zone.
2 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures SHEET 1 [1F 2 PLANT FOR PRODUCING A METAL BAND FROM A MELT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to foundry equipment and more specifically to metal band producing plants.
The present invention is used most effectively for producing metal band up to 3-4 mm thick from ironnickel-and copper-base alloys. The produced band can be cut for use in the form of separate sheets.
Besides, the invention can be utilized for producing metal band up to mm thick from alloys based on aluminium and iron.
PRIOR ART Widely known in the art is the metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting on rotating rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with surplus metal being freely discharged at the roll ends.
In the known plant, the molten metal is poured into the interroll space formed by the closed rotating rolls cooled with water from the inside. The butt ends of the rolls are provided with built-in flanges. Rising to a certain level in the interroll space, the molten metal forms a wedge. Coming in contact with the roll surface, the molten metal in the wedge cools down and crystallizes. The crusts of solid metal formed on the surface of the rolls are welded to each other and leave the rolls in the form of a band.
The disadvantages of the known plants are as follows. Crystallization of metal proceeds on the working zone of the rolls which is equal, or nearly equal, to the total length of the rolls.
Accordingly, formation of the edge portions of the band is seriously influenced by the solid flanges built into the roll ends. Said flanges impair the cooling of the rolls at the end and interfere with their expansion in this zone when they are heated by the crystallizing metal. As a result, the rolls bulge out in the middle to a larger extent than at the ends.
Experiments have shown that rolls 500 mm in diameter and 500 mm long with walls 10-15 mm thick bulge out in the middle up to 1.5 mm. At the same time, no bulging has been registered near the flanges.
Irregular deformation of the roll increases the clearance between the working surfaces of the rolls at the end zones which reduces the contact between said rolls and the crystallizing metal. This impairs the stability of band formation and increases variations in the band thickness which affects adversely the quality of the produced band.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention resides in eliminating the aforesaid disadvantages.
The main object of the invention is to provide a metal band producing plant which ensures stable forming and a uniform thickness of the band.
This object is accomplished by providing a metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting on rotating rolls for crystallization of molten metal into a band with surplus metal freely discharged at the roll ends wherein, according to the invention, the rolls have a crystallizing zone which is limited by annular projections whose height is less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which zone is located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the crystallizing zone.
It is practicable that the crystallizing zone be located -250 mm from the roll ends.
Now the invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a general view in longitudinal section and partly cut away of the plant according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing relative positions of the rotating rolls and metal band according to the in vention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The metal band producing plant utilizing the method of continuous casting, according to the invention, com- .prises a frame 1 (FIG. 1) accommodating rolls 3 mounted in bearings 2 for crystallizing molten metal into a band, with said rolls being pressed against each other and rotating in opposite directions as shown in FIG. 1.
According to the invention, the rotating rolls 3 have a zone 5 (FIG. 2) on their outer surfaces 4, with said zone being provided for the crystallization of molten metal and forming of a band 6 (FIG. 3). The crystallizing zone 5 is limited by annular projections 7 (FIG. 2) located on the outer surface 4 of the rolls 3 and is set at such a distance from butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of the rolls in the zone of their contact with the molten metal, i.e., in the crystallizing zone 5.
The most rational distance between the crystallizing zone 5 and the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 which ensures a minimum relative deformation of rolls 3 in said zone is 150-250 mm.
In addition, this distance ensures stable deformation of the crystallizing band 6 which in turn, ensures minimum variations of the band thickness. The height of the annular projections 7 is set to be less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band 6. On these projections 7 are crystallized edges 9 of the band 6, with said edges being thinner than the main part of the band 6.
Due to the fact that the edges 9 of the band 6 are thinner and, correspondingly, have a lower temperature of crystallization, their strength within this temperature range is higher than that of the main band which rules out the destruction of the band edges as the band leaves the rolls.
The rolls 3 are pressed together by a hydraulic piston cylinder 10 (FIG. I) through housings ll of the bearings 2 which can slide over the guides located on the frame 1.
The rolls 3 are rotated by a drive 13 via a cardan shaft 14 (FIG. 2) connected with journals 15 secured on the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3.
The surplus metal 16 (FIG. 3) is freely discharged through means 23 located in the butt ends of the rolls 3; then, it is accumulated and removed by conduits 17 (FIG. 1) installed under the butt ends 8 of the rolls 3 on trolleys 18 which have a travelling motion drive (not shown in the drawings).
Any droplets of metal stuck to the outer surfaces 4 of the rolls 3 can be cleaned off by wire brushes l9 mounted on the frame 1 and provided with an individual rotation drive 20 (FIG. 2).
In order to remove the heat at the process of crystallization of metal into the band 6, the rolls 3 are cooled with water flowing into and out of the rolls 3 through holes 21 (FIG. 1) which are located in the journals of the rolls 3.
The metal band producing plant covered by the present invention operates as follows:
The drive 13 for rotation of the crystallizing rolls 3 is turned on after which the rolls 3 are pressed together by the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 10. The molten metal is poured from a ladle or furnace (not shown in the drawings) into the receiving-and-distributing device (not shown in the drawings) from which it is fed onto the rolls 3, forming a wedge-shaped bath of liquid metal in the gap between the outer surfaces 4 of the rolls 3.
Coming in contact with the rolls 3, the molten metal cools down and starts crystallizing in the layers immediately adjoining the roll surfaces 4. The rotating rolls carry the crystallizing layers of metal into the roll closing zone where these layers acted upon by the pressing force are welded into a continuous band 6 which leaves the rolls 3 and enters a band stripper 22.
The amount of molten metal fed onto the rolls 3 is somewhat larger than required in order to carry away any scabs, nonmetallic inclusions, etc. accumulating on the surface of the metal bath. The surplus metal 1 is discharged at the butt ends of the rolls through drainage grooves and accumulated in the conduits 17.
When the band 6 is formed on the surfaces 4 of the rolls 3, the molten metal crystallizes in that zone of the rolls whose deformation is relatively uniform throughout its length. This provides for a constant contact between the crystallizing metal and the roll surfaces and stabilizes the process of band formation.
The formed band 6 with narrow thin strips at the edges 9 formed on the projections 7 moves undamaged into the band stripper 22 and thence it is carried for winding into a coil. The band thus formed can be used later for making metal sheets.
Formation of metal band in the plant according to the invention ensures stable production of cast metal bands and, if necessary, sheets with a satisfactory surface and uniform thickness.
What is claimed is:
l. A plant for producing a metal band utilizing the continuous casting method and comprising: internally cooled rotatable rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band; means for feeding molten metal between the rolls; a drive for rotating said rolls; said rolls being provided with axially spaced annular projections, the height of the projections being less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which projections limit the crystallizing zone, said zone being located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of said rolls in the crystallizing zone; and the surplus metal being freely discharged at the ends of the rolls.
2. The plant as of claim 1 wherein the crystallizing zone is located l00250 mm from the roll ends.

Claims (2)

1. A plant for producing a metal band utilizing the continuous casting method and comprising: internally cooled rotatable rolls for crystallizing molten metal into a band; means for feeding molten metal between the rolls; a drive for rotating said rolls; said rolls being provided with axially spaced annular projections, the height of the projections being less than half the thickness of the crystallizing band and which projections limit the crystallizing zone, said zone being located at such a distance from the roll ends as to ensure a minimum relative deformation of said rolls in the crystallizing zone; and the surplus metal being freely discharged at the ends of the rolls.
2. The plant as of claim 1 wherein the crystallizing zone is located 100-250 mm from the roll ends.
US00195191A 1971-05-19 1971-11-03 Plant for producing a metal band from a melt Expired - Lifetime US3794106A (en)

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SU7101652352A SU386541A1 (en) 1971-05-19 1971-05-19 Device for manufacturing metal bands

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JP (1) JPS4923723A (en)
DE (2) DE2154675C3 (en)
FR (2) FR2137424B1 (en)
IT (1) IT944853B (en)
SE (1) SE365961B (en)
SU (1) SU386541A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881541A (en) * 1973-10-25 1975-05-06 Allied Chem Continuous casting of narrow filament between rotary chill surfaces
EP0070971A3 (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-05-25 Allied Corporation Conditioning brushes for cleaning rapid solidification casting surfaces
US4784209A (en) * 1987-08-06 1988-11-15 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Continuous casting apparatus
US5477911A (en) * 1994-03-24 1995-12-26 Danieli United, Inc. Twin roller caster

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH657291A5 (en) * 1982-08-12 1986-08-29 Alusuisse METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRIVING AND SYNCHRONIZING ROLLERS.
CH671716A5 (en) * 1986-09-30 1989-09-29 Concast Standard Ag
JPH02503170A (en) * 1988-02-16 1990-10-04 レイノルズ・メタルズ・カンパニー Direct casting method and device for metal strip
FR2647698A1 (en) * 1989-05-31 1990-12-07 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech LIQUID METAL SUPPLY DEVICE FOR A CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANT FOR THIN PRODUCTS AND METHOD FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
FR2650966A1 (en) * 1989-08-18 1991-02-22 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DIRECT CONTINUOUS CASTING THIN METAL PRODUCTS
CH680717A5 (en) * 1990-01-15 1992-10-30 Sulzer Ag Metal foil prodn. device for width variation - comprises tubular container contg. sections opt. with slits for discontinuous axial slit, and cooled moving surface
SE9102022L (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-01-02 Stiftelsen Metallurg Forsk SET AND CASTING MACHINE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF METAL BELTS
DE4438118C2 (en) * 1994-10-26 2003-02-13 Siemens Ag Two-roll casting machine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US49053A (en) * 1865-07-25 Improvement in the manufacture of iron and steel
FR581952A (en) * 1923-10-16 1924-12-09 Arbed Process for changing materials from the molten state to the solid state with simultaneous use of the heat thus released
US1756196A (en) * 1928-02-23 1930-04-29 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Method of making metal sheets
US1903897A (en) * 1929-08-27 1933-04-18 Harris Henry Apparatus for casting metals
US2962777A (en) * 1955-07-28 1960-12-06 Harrison George Method of and means for making castings
US3120037A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-02-04 Albert W Scribner Continuous casting
US3650314A (en) * 1969-11-19 1972-03-21 Bohler & Co Ag Fa Geb Apparatus for manufacturing stretch-formed products of high-melting metals

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR835886A (en) * 1937-04-10 1939-01-05 Improvements to processes and apparatus for treating easily oxidizable molten metals, with the aim of obtaining, from these metals, a full continuous strip

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US49053A (en) * 1865-07-25 Improvement in the manufacture of iron and steel
FR581952A (en) * 1923-10-16 1924-12-09 Arbed Process for changing materials from the molten state to the solid state with simultaneous use of the heat thus released
US1756196A (en) * 1928-02-23 1930-04-29 Cleveland Graphite Bronze Co Method of making metal sheets
US1903897A (en) * 1929-08-27 1933-04-18 Harris Henry Apparatus for casting metals
US2962777A (en) * 1955-07-28 1960-12-06 Harrison George Method of and means for making castings
US3120037A (en) * 1961-11-01 1964-02-04 Albert W Scribner Continuous casting
US3650314A (en) * 1969-11-19 1972-03-21 Bohler & Co Ag Fa Geb Apparatus for manufacturing stretch-formed products of high-melting metals

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3881541A (en) * 1973-10-25 1975-05-06 Allied Chem Continuous casting of narrow filament between rotary chill surfaces
EP0070971A3 (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-05-25 Allied Corporation Conditioning brushes for cleaning rapid solidification casting surfaces
US4784209A (en) * 1987-08-06 1988-11-15 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Continuous casting apparatus
US5477911A (en) * 1994-03-24 1995-12-26 Danieli United, Inc. Twin roller caster

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FR2137471B1 (en) 1974-12-13
DE2154675A1 (en) 1972-11-30
FR2137471A1 (en) 1972-12-29
SE365961B (en) 1974-04-08
FR2137424B1 (en) 1974-10-11
JPS4923723A (en) 1974-03-02
DE2213111B2 (en) 1974-12-12
SU386541A1 (en) 1977-12-05
DE2154675B2 (en) 1974-01-31
IT944853B (en) 1973-04-20
DE2213111A1 (en) 1972-11-30
DE2154675C3 (en) 1974-11-28
FR2137424A1 (en) 1972-12-29
DE2213111C3 (en) 1975-07-24

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