US3760630A - Automated selective wash method and apparatus - Google Patents
Automated selective wash method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3760630A US3760630A US00247658A US3760630DA US3760630A US 3760630 A US3760630 A US 3760630A US 00247658 A US00247658 A US 00247658A US 3760630D A US3760630D A US 3760630DA US 3760630 A US3760630 A US 3760630A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- wash
- adhesive coating
- adhesive
- wash liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N2001/222—Other features
- G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on
- G01N2001/2833—Collecting samples on a sticky, tacky, adhesive surface
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
- G01N2001/4061—Solvent extraction
Definitions
- ABSTRACT An automated and selective wash method and apparatus for separating desired material from atmospheric particles after deposition on an adhesive coated surface.
- My invention has utility for medical and environmental atmospheric monitoring.
- a principal object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method to increase the ability of the art to determine the presence of selected airborne materials in ambient air by transferring them to a liquid and retaining the undesired particles on an adhesive coated surface.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method for continuously separating selected material which has beenmixed with undesirable aerosol material.
- a further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method that will prevent undesirable particulate material from entering a system.
- a further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method wherein various kinds and combinations of wash liquid may be used to accomplish separation to enhance identification of the material that is separated.
- a still further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method wherein the particles not removed can be used to furnish reference information by optical scan or microscopic observation and particles can be tagged or stained without removal of any material.
- the drawing is a schematic view of my apparatus.
- any microbiological aerosol particles dissociate to release microbial cells and carrier medium while the background particles remain attached to the adhesive because of their uniparticulate nature; the adhesive being any suitable adhesive coating for a given application which is not soluble in the particular wash liquid utilized. Therefore, essentially no background particles get into the wash liquid unless coincidently impacted on a deposited aerosol particle.
- an air sample is drawn into concentrator 5 and the concentrated sample passed to impactor 4 in the conventional manner to impact particles on adhesive tape 1.
- Adhesive is applied to the tape in the conventional manner by conventional adhesiveapplicator 6 and heater means 7. Desired particles are removed from the adhesive tape by a predetermined wash liquid being pumped by conventional pump'9 from reservoir 8 and circulated through wash head 11 where contact is made with the deposited particles to transfer the desired material to the wash liquid.
- the effluent from the wash head containing the desired material is transferred by conventional pump 9 to tank 10 as shown in the drawing or to a conventional sensing or detection device. Particles remaining on the tape can also be analyzed by conventional detection means as desired.
- the tape drive and impactor subcombinations of my invention are conventional; the solid surface used for impaction is conventional 16 mm plastic film leader tape; the adhesive is diluted with xylene to a 10 percent to 25 percent solution and applied to the tape from a meniscus; the air sample collector is a 1,000 liter per minute aerosol concentrator having an output which is impacted at 5 liters per minute onto the tape in a trace about 5 mm wide; the tape moves at a selected rate of from 2 to 4 inches per minute; and the liquid contact a volume of 0.1 cc, and has a flow-through time of 20 seconds.
- the pumping rate for the input volume of the wash liquid to the wash head is equal to or less than that for the effluent volume to insure no loss of sample.
- An apparatus for medical and environmental monitoring of atmospheric content by selective separation of material from the particles of interest from admixtures with ambient particles in air samples comprising a continuously moving impaction surface, a concentrator means and an impactor means wherein the improvement in combination therewith comprises an adhesive coating on said moving impaction surface for deposition of particles in combination with a means to apply the adhesive coating and a wash system consisting of a wash head thru which the impaction surface moves in combination with a wash liquid to contact-wash the impacted particles and transfer desired material to the wash liquid.
- the apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means to apply the adhesive coating comprises of an applicator for the diluted adhesive, a healer for evaporating the diluting solvent to insure adherence of particles.
- adhering particles are microbiological cells to be dissociated.
Abstract
An automated and selective wash method and apparatus for separating desired material from atmospheric particles after deposition on an adhesive coated surface.
Description
United States Patent 191 Brumbaugh AUTOMATED SELECTIVE WASH METHOD AND APPARATUS [75] Inventor: Allen D. Brumbaugh, Frederick Md.
[73] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC.
[22] Filed: Apr. 26, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 247,658
521 115.0. 73/28 511 int. Cl. G0ln31/00 [58] Field of Search 73/28, 61 R, 53,
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,076,554 Drinken, 73/28 [451 Sept. 25, 1973 2,312,295 2/1943 Dahlman 73/28 2,947,382 8/1960 Orr 73/28 3,523,733 73/432 PS 8/1970 Kling Primary Examiner-S. Clement Swisher Attorney-Harry M. Saragovitz et a1.
[ ABSTRACT An automated and selective wash method and apparatus for separating desired material from atmospheric particles after deposition on an adhesive coated surface.
7 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure AUTOMATED SELECTIVE WASH METHOD AND APPARATUS DEDICATORY CLAUSE known, such as disclosed in US; Pat. No. 3475965, all
of the prior art means presented one or more problems which include permitting undesired particles entering the detection means, no means provided for selective detection of predetermined particles, no provision to utilize a variety of wash liquids, no provision to utilize a small volume of wash liquid to result in a highly concentrated detection sample, and loss of signal due to background noise craated by the presence of undesirable particles in the detection means. My invention was conceived and reduced to practice to solve the aforementioned problems and to satisfy the long felt need for an automated and selective wash method and apparatus for separating desired material from the atmosphere.
My invention has utility for medical and environmental atmospheric monitoring.
A principal object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method to increase the ability of the art to determine the presence of selected airborne materials in ambient air by transferring them to a liquid and retaining the undesired particles on an adhesive coated surface.
Another object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method for continuously separating selected material which has beenmixed with undesirable aerosol material.
A further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method that will prevent undesirable particulate material from entering a system. I
A further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method wherein various kinds and combinations of wash liquid may be used to accomplish separation to enhance identification of the material that is separated.
A still further object of my invention is to provide an apparatus and method wherein the particles not removed can be used to furnish reference information by optical scan or microscopic observation and particles can be tagged or stained without removal of any material. 1
Other objects of my invention will be obvious or will appear from the specification hereinafter set forth.
The drawing is a schematic view of my apparatus.
My invention, as shown in the drawing, will now be described in detail as follows.
The point of novelty of my selective wash method and apparatus can be understood by describing its pres,- ent application which is the separation of microbiological material and accompanying carrier medium of man-made aerosol particles from the ambient background particles in air samples. The mixture of particles from the sample is deposited by means of an impactor onto adhesive coated tape 1, driven in the conventional manner between feed reel 2 and take up reel surface in the wash head is 6 mm wide, 19 mm long, has
3, any microbiological aerosol particles dissociate to release microbial cells and carrier medium while the background particles remain attached to the adhesive because of their uniparticulate nature; the adhesive being any suitable adhesive coating for a given application which is not soluble in the particular wash liquid utilized. Therefore, essentially no background particles get into the wash liquid unless coincidently impacted on a deposited aerosol particle.
To operate my apparatus, as shown in the drawi'ng, an air sample is drawn into concentrator 5 and the concentrated sample passed to impactor 4 in the conventional manner to impact particles on adhesive tape 1. Adhesive is applied to the tape in the conventional manner by conventional adhesiveapplicator 6 and heater means 7. Desired particles are removed from the adhesive tape by a predetermined wash liquid being pumped by conventional pump'9 from reservoir 8 and circulated through wash head 11 where contact is made with the deposited particles to transfer the desired material to the wash liquid.
The effluent from the wash head containing the desired material is transferred by conventional pump 9 to tank 10 as shown in the drawing or to a conventional sensing or detection device. Particles remaining on the tape can also be analyzed by conventional detection means as desired.
The tape drive and impactor subcombinations of my invention are conventional; the solid surface used for impaction is conventional 16 mm plastic film leader tape; the adhesive is diluted with xylene to a 10 percent to 25 percent solution and applied to the tape from a meniscus; the air sample collector is a 1,000 liter per minute aerosol concentrator having an output which is impacted at 5 liters per minute onto the tape in a trace about 5 mm wide; the tape moves at a selected rate of from 2 to 4 inches per minute; and the liquid contact a volume of 0.1 cc, and has a flow-through time of 20 seconds. The pumping rate for the input volume of the wash liquid to the wash head is equal to or less than that for the effluent volume to insure no loss of sample.
It is obvious that other modifications can be made of my invention, and I desire to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
I claim:
1. An apparatus for medical and environmental monitoring of atmospheric content by selective separation of material from the particles of interest from admixtures with ambient particles in air samples, the apparatus comprising a continuously moving impaction surface, a concentrator means and an impactor means wherein the improvement in combination therewith comprises an adhesive coating on said moving impaction surface for deposition of particles in combination with a means to apply the adhesive coating and a wash system consisting of a wash head thru which the impaction surface moves in combination with a wash liquid to contact-wash the impacted particles and transfer desired material to the wash liquid.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the adhesive coating consists of 10 percent to'25 percent solution to adhesive in xylene.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means to apply the adhesive coating comprises of an applicator for the diluted adhesive, a healer for evaporating the diluting solvent to insure adherence of particles.
to an impactor, impacting the air sample onto a surface with an adhesive coating thereon, adhering particles within the air sample to the adhesive coating, transferring desired material from the adhering particles to a wash liquid, and monitoring the transferred desired material by a detection means. 1
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the adhering particles are microbiological cells to be dissociated.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for medical and environmental monitoring of atmospheric content by selective separation of material from the particles of interest from admixtures with ambient particles in air samples, the apparatus comprising a continuously moving impaction surface, a concentrator means and an impactor means wherein the improvement in combination therewith comprises an adhesive coating on said moving impaction surface for deposition of particles in combination with a means to apply the adhesive coating and a wash system consisting of a wash head thru which the impaction surface moves in combination with a wash liquid to contact-wash the impacted particles and transfer desired material to the wash liquid.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the adhesive coating consists of 10 percent to 25 percent solution to adhesive in xylene.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the means to apply the adhesive coating comprises of an applicator for the diluted adhesive, a healer for evaporating the diluting solvent to insure adherence of particles.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the adhesive coating is insoluble in the wash liquid.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the pumptng rate for the input volume of wash liquid to the wash head is equal to or less than that for the effluent volume to insure no loss of sample.
6. A method for medical and environmental monitoring of atmospheric content by selective separation of desired material comprising the steps of concentrating an air sample, circulating the concentrated air sample to an impactor, impacting the air sample onto a surface with an adhesive coating thereon, adhering particles within the air sample to the adhesive coating, transferring desired material from the adhering particles to a wash liquid, and monitoring the transfErred desired material by a detection means.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the adhering particles are microbiological cells to be dissociated.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US24765872A | 1972-04-26 | 1972-04-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3760630A true US3760630A (en) | 1973-09-25 |
Family
ID=22935794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00247658A Expired - Lifetime US3760630A (en) | 1972-04-26 | 1972-04-26 | Automated selective wash method and apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3760630A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA991562A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2222662A1 (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1974-10-18 | Barringer Research Ltd | |
| US5992245A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1999-11-30 | Freund Industrial Co., Ltd. | Particle measuring device for granule processing apparatus and particle measuring method |
| US6363800B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2002-04-02 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Coating to enhance the efficiency of a particle impact collector |
| US20040016680A1 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2004-01-29 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Method for removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US20040232052A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2004-11-25 | Call Charles John | Methods and devices for continuous sampling of airborne particles using a regenerative surface |
| US20050190058A1 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2005-09-01 | Call Charles J. | Networks with sensors for air safety and security |
| US20060257287A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2006-11-16 | Call Charles J | Robust system for screening enclosed spaces for biological agents |
| US20070048186A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2007-03-01 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US7591980B2 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2009-09-22 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Biological alarm |
| US7799567B1 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 2010-09-21 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Air sampler based on virtual impaction and actual impaction |
| US8047053B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2011-11-01 | Icx Technologies, Inc. | Mail parcel screening using multiple detection technologies |
| US8173431B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2012-05-08 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Mail screening to detect mail contaminated with biological harmful substances |
| US8243274B2 (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2012-08-14 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Portable diesel particulate monitor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7998731B2 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2011-08-16 | General Dynamics Advanced Information Systems, Inc. | Portable sampling device for airborne biological particles |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2076554A (en) * | 1932-01-21 | 1937-04-13 | Drinker Philip | Apparatus for measuring, recording, and controlling dilute dust concentrations |
| US2312295A (en) * | 1943-02-23 | Dust recorder | ||
| US2947382A (en) * | 1957-02-15 | 1960-08-02 | Georgia Tech Res Inst | Continuous thermal precipitator |
| US3523733A (en) * | 1966-01-05 | 1970-08-11 | Technicon Corp | Method and apparatus for particle counting |
-
1972
- 1972-04-26 US US00247658A patent/US3760630A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-03-21 CA CA166,645A patent/CA991562A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2312295A (en) * | 1943-02-23 | Dust recorder | ||
| US2076554A (en) * | 1932-01-21 | 1937-04-13 | Drinker Philip | Apparatus for measuring, recording, and controlling dilute dust concentrations |
| US2947382A (en) * | 1957-02-15 | 1960-08-02 | Georgia Tech Res Inst | Continuous thermal precipitator |
| US3523733A (en) * | 1966-01-05 | 1970-08-11 | Technicon Corp | Method and apparatus for particle counting |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2222662A1 (en) * | 1973-03-19 | 1974-10-18 | Barringer Research Ltd | |
| US5992245A (en) * | 1995-10-25 | 1999-11-30 | Freund Industrial Co., Ltd. | Particle measuring device for granule processing apparatus and particle measuring method |
| US20070048186A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2007-03-01 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US7759123B2 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2010-07-20 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US20040232052A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2004-11-25 | Call Charles John | Methods and devices for continuous sampling of airborne particles using a regenerative surface |
| US8173431B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2012-05-08 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Mail screening to detect mail contaminated with biological harmful substances |
| US20060257287A1 (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2006-11-16 | Call Charles J | Robust system for screening enclosed spaces for biological agents |
| US7578973B2 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2009-08-25 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Devices for continuous sampling of airborne particles using a regenerative surface |
| US20100242632A1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2010-09-30 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Air sampler based on virtual impaction and actual impaction |
| US6363800B1 (en) * | 1999-03-10 | 2002-04-02 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Coating to enhance the efficiency of a particle impact collector |
| US7799567B1 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 2010-09-21 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Air sampler based on virtual impaction and actual impaction |
| US6938777B2 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2005-09-06 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Method for removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US20040016680A1 (en) * | 2001-09-17 | 2004-01-29 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Method for removing surface deposits of concentrated collected particles |
| US7591980B2 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2009-09-22 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Biological alarm |
| US7265669B2 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2007-09-04 | Mesosystems Technology, Inc. | Networks with sensors for air safety and security |
| US20050190058A1 (en) * | 2004-03-01 | 2005-09-01 | Call Charles J. | Networks with sensors for air safety and security |
| US8047053B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2011-11-01 | Icx Technologies, Inc. | Mail parcel screening using multiple detection technologies |
| US8243274B2 (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2012-08-14 | Flir Systems, Inc. | Portable diesel particulate monitor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA991562A (en) | 1976-06-22 |
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