US3759847A - Cleaning compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

A CLEANING COMPOSITON CONTAINING AS AN ACITIVE INGREDIENT, AT LEAST ONE FATTY ACID AMIDE, IN A FREE OR COMPLEXED STATE OF THE FORMULA:

R-CO-N(-R1)-R2

IN WHICH R IS A STRAIGHT OR BRANCHED ALIPHATIC CHAIN HAVING AT LEAST 8 CARBON ATOMS, R1 AND R2 INDENTICAL OR DIFFERENT ARE CHOSEN FROM HYDROGEN, ALKYL, HYDROXYALKYL AND OXYHYDROXYALKYL RADICALS.

Description

3,759,847 CLEANING COMPOSITIONS Jean Martineau, 5 Rue des Arenes, Limoges, France, and Francois Joseph Biechler, 366 Ter rue de Vaugirard, Paris, France No Drawing. Filed Mar. 15, 1971, Ser. No. 124,523 Claims priority, application France, Mar. 17, 1970, 7009513 Int. Cl. C11d 3/26 US. Cl. 252-544 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A cleaning composition containing as an active ingredient, at least one fatty acid amide, in a free or complexed state of the formula:

in which R is a straight or branched aliphatic chain having at least 8 carbon atoms, R and R identical or different are chosen from hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl and oxyhydroxyalkyl radicals.

The present invention relates to cleaning compositions which may take the form of liquids, creams, pastes or cakes and which are especially useful for cleaning spots and stains caused by fatty substances.

Numerous compositions are known for cleaning greasy stains or marks on various supports, such as cements, stones, textiles, natural or synthetic fibres, metals, painted metals, skin, hair etc. But such compositions often have certain disadvantages, particularly when they are used for cleaning human or animal skin.

Thus, for these uses, certain compositions have too high a pH; they are based on soft soap, thus having too great an alkalinity causing dermatosis and chilblains.

Other compositions are based on sodium or potassium soaps, but in order to increase their activity with regard to grease and dirty oil, there has been incorporated in them sawdust, mineral fillers, which only worsens the intolerance of these products since, not only is there the caustic effect due to a high pH, but also an erosion of the skin which only accentuates the dermatosis and the chilblains.

Finally, there exists a certain number of other compositions of sodium arylal-kylphenyl sulphonate, sodium lauryl-ether-sulphate type which have only slight activity for removing oil which is deeply ingrained in folds in the skin.

In certain formulae of known compositions, for industrial hygiene of the type above-mentioned, solvents are incorporated e.g. aromatic, terpenic, cyclic hydrocarbons, halogenated aliphatic or heterocyclic hydrocarbons which are good grease solvents.

Known compositions of this type, based on solvents, give generally deceptive results since they spread the grease and cause it to penetrate the folds of skin. In addition they dry the skin.

With cleaning compositions according to the invention the various disadvantages mentioned above are obviated or mitigated and thus, although these compositions may be used to clean any type of surface they are particularly recommended for cleaning human and animal skin.

According to the present invention, there is provided a cleaning composition containing in a free or complexed form, at least one fatty acid with the formula:

United States Patent Office Patented Sept. 18, 1973 amides of the formula:

(onyx-0H R-G 0--N and (CH2);-OH

n-o O--N cum-0H in which R has t he above significance, x and y are integers between 1 and 6.

The fatty amides used in the soaps according to the invention may be used in free or complex form, and preferably, they are used in the form of complex mixtures with alkanolamines.

For the preparation of cleaning compositions according to the present invention, there may be added to the said free or complex fatty amides, as above-mentioned the various ingredients which are normally used for the preparation of cleaning compositions, so as to obtain the new compositions in the desired form. Thus, there can be added to the basic ingredient of the compositions other known soaps, softening agents, healing agents, germicides, perfumes or pH modifying agents.

The following non-limiting examples further illustrate the invention.

(A) METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF AC- TIVE-INGREDIENTS FOR COMPOSITIONS AC- CORDING TO THE PRESENT INVENTION Example 1 210 g. of diethanolamine (M.W.=) and 207 g. of copra acid (coconut acid) (M.W.-=207). The reaction occurs according to the following scheme.

R-C ON There are introduced into a glass flask 207 g. copra acid which is brought to C. with vigorous stirring, then 210 g. diethanolamine is introduced and maintained at 160 with stirring for two and a half hours.

A clear yellow liquid is obtained which corresponds to to a complex of the diethanolamide of copra acid and a molecule of diethanolamine. However, this product still contains a little diethanolamine soap. The composition of the mixture is about 85% diethanolamine-amide complex and about 13% diethanolamine soap. The duration of heating makes it possible to vary the constitution of this mixture.

The product thus obtained is soluble in water and in grease or oil of vegetable or animal origin.

The product is standardized by adding water in such a way as to obtain a 50% content of active ingredient.

This solution titrating 50% amide is used in the manufacture of industrial cleaning compositions for use on the body.

3 Example 2 Under the same conditions as described in Example 1 the diethanol-stearylamide-cliethanolamine complex can be formed by the action of a molecule of stearic acid on 2 molecules of diethanolamine.

Example 3 Working under the same conditions as those of Example 2, the diethanol-oleiomide-diethanolamine complex can be obtained.

Example 4 By the action of 2 molecules of monoethanolamine on one molecule of octanoic acid there is obtained the monoethanol-octanoulamide-monoethanolamine complex. The reaction is carried out at 150 C. for 4 hours.

The examples of the manufacture of complexes are in no way limiting as it is possible, under the same conditions, to prepare the mono or di-substituted amide with any saturated or unsaturated fatty acid.

Starting with the technical complexes of monoor dialkanolamines and monoor dialkanolamides of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids there are prepared standard aqueous solution titrating 50% in complex expressed as 100% which will serve as a primary active ingredient for the preparation of industrial cleaning compositions for bodily hygiene.

(B) PREPARATION OF VARIOUS CLEANING COMPOSITIONS Example 5 Liquid cleaninng composition: There are used for the preparation of 100 kg. of liquid cleaning composition.

Kg. Sodium lauryl sulphonate 2O Glycerine 1.5 Acetylated lanoline 2.5 Water 50 Diethanolamine 2 ethanolastearylamide (50%) complex 25 Perfume 1 Example 6 The formula for a cleaning composition in a paste includes the following products for a preparation of 50 kg. Kg.

Soap shavings 9.100 Water 23.970 Mono-alkanolamine complex 15.300 Acetylated lanoline 1.275 Perfume 0.355

Example 7 Example 8 A liquid cleaning composition with a pH of 7.2 is obtained by combining the following amounts of basic materials:

Diethanolamine-diethanolamide complex of copra acid in a 50% solution Sorbitol, in a 70% solution Sodium lauryl sulphonate u, s- 17.500

Kg. Hexachlorophene 0.350 Perfume 0.420 Glycerine 5 Glacial acetic acid 1.005 Water 60.325

which gives a preparation of kg.

Example 9 There may also be incorporated with 500 g. of melted soap shavings 100 g. of the diethanolamine-diethanololeimide complex. After having obtained a homogeneous mixture, it is left to cool and a cake of cleaning composition is obtained.

Example 10 The following products are heated with mixing to about 90 C.

Kg. Paraffin oil 200 Isopropyl palmitate Cetyl alcohol 5 Polyoxyethylenated sorbitan triolate 2O Polyoxyethylenated cetyl ether 10 Polyoxyethylenated oleic ether 22 Glyceryl monostearate 10 Stearic acid 50 Ethyl para-oxybenzoate 2 Propyl para-oxybenzoate 1 Hexachlorophene 1 When this mixture is molten and homogeneous, there is added at 70 C. 200 kg. of a 50% solution of the diethanolanin diethanolstearylamide complex. It is left to cool and an unctuous cream is obtained which may be put into tubes.

Example 11 The following ingredients are melted:

Kg. Polyoxyethylated glyceryl monostearate 75 Glyceryl mono-distearate 75 Vaseline 75 Spermaceti 75 There is added with intimate mixing:

Kg. Diethanolamine-diethanololeyamide in a 50% solulution at 70 C. 400 Water at 70 C. 300 Tribromosalicylanilide 10 Perfume 5 This is left to cool and a milk is obtained.

Example 12 The following mixture is brought to 70 C.

Kg. Glyceryl monostearate 15 Spermaceti 3 Stearyl alcohol 1 Hexachlorophene 0.500 Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate 0.100 Glycerine 2 Water 71.300

This homogeneous mixture at 70 C. is added with vlgorous stirring to the following solution which is also at 70 C.

50% monoethanolamine-monoethanolstearylamide complex 15 Methyl para-hydroxybenzoate 0.100 Perfume 0.400

After cool ng, at fluid cream is obtained.

Example 13 There are mixed at 70 C. the following basic materials:

Kg. Glyceryl mono-distearate 5 Polyoxyethlenated glyceryl mono-oleate 3 Stearin 6 Isopropyl myristate 5 Glycerine 3 This mixture at 70 C. is added to the following mixture which is at the same temperature:

Solution of the diethanolamine-diethanolstearylamide complex 27.800 Water 50 Sorbic acid 0.200 Perfume 0.500

There is obtained, after cooling to the ambient temperature, a good fluid cream.

Example 14 To 40 kg. of a 50% solution of the complex of diethanolamine and diethanolamide of copra acid, there are added 59 kg. water and 1 kg. perfume. A clear solution is obtained.

The various types of cleaning compositions described above are particularly useful for cleaning the skin of oil or greasy substances.

By carrying out the Examples 5, 6, 7 and 8, there is obtained a liquid cleaning composition, a cleaning composition in the form of a paste, a cream and a second type of liquid cleaning composition. In order to obtain the best results, one of these four compositions is applied to hands, which have been dirtied with grease, without wetting them. The hands are rubbed together for 30 seconds, then rinsed with water. The grease is completely removed.

In Example 9, a cleaning composition in the .form of a cake is obtained. It is thus necessary, in this particular case, to wet the hands using the cake.

Examples 10, 11, 12 and 13 give compositions which should be used without water. They produce compositions to be applied to dry hands which should be rubbed for 30 seconds and the grease-soap mixture removed with a towel, rag or absorbent tissue, without rinsing with water. These formulae have an advantage for example for the motorist.

Example 14 gives the formula of an alcohol solution of the mono or diethanolamine or mono or diethanolamide complex of a fatty acid. This alcohol solution may be used to impregnate an absorbent tissue, for example, which may be placed in an air-tight wrapper of poly- 6 ethylene, aluminium sheet etc., and it will then be ready for use, at the desired time.

The cleaning compositions based on these complexes have the feature, whilst being in the aqueous phase, of dissolving grease or oil, of animal, vegetable or mineral origin. They are completely dissolved and it is for this reason that there is a total removal of dirt provided that the surface to be cleaned is not wetted with water.

By Way of contrast, once they are dissolved, water forms an emulsion with it easily, and by simple rinsing, the skin remains smooth and does not have the unpleasant feeling of dry rough skin.

It should be also noted that the pH of these cleaning compositions may be brought to the value of 7 to 7 .2 and according to the formulation, there will be no trace of free caustic alkalinity.

The change of the pH often brings about a change in the viscosity of the solutions which makes it possible to obtain gels without the addition of thickening agents.

Although the cleaning compositions according to the invention may be used for the removal of grease from any surfaces, they are particularly recommended for cleaning skin, since medical tests have proved that they cause neither enythena, nor allergic reactions, nor irritation, nor caustic effects.

What is claimed is:

1. A cleaning composition consisting essentially of as the active ingredient from about 7-40% by weight of a fatty acid amide-alkanolamine complex and a watersoluble soap or synthetic anionic detergent wherein the complexed fatty amide is obtained by reacting one equivalent of a fatty acid of the formula:

RCOOH with two equivalents of a dialkanol amine containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms wherein R is an aliphatic straight or branched chain radical containing from about 6 to 18 carbon atoms.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,318,817 5/1967 Smith 252544 1,993,469 3/1935 Wille 252- 2,251,328 8/1941 Ehref 25290 3,175,978 3/1965 Smithson 252*544 3,213,028 10/1965 Wood 252-544 3,231,508 1/1966 Yecu 252-544 WILLIAM E. SCHULZ, Primary Examiner U.S. C1. X.R. 252-90, Digest #5