US3737389A - Azeotropic composition - Google Patents
Azeotropic composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3737389A US3737389A US00032482A US3737389DA US3737389A US 3737389 A US3737389 A US 3737389A US 00032482 A US00032482 A US 00032482A US 3737389D A US3737389D A US 3737389DA US 3737389 A US3737389 A US 3737389A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- azeotropic
- azeotropic composition
- cleaning
- board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/50—Solvents
- C11D7/5036—Azeotropic mixtures containing halogenated solvents
- C11D7/5068—Mixtures of halogenated and non-halogenated solvents
- C11D7/5077—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents
- C11D7/5081—Mixtures of only oxygen-containing solvents the oxygen-containing solvents being alcohols only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
- C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
- C23G5/032—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing oxygen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/102—Alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/108—Aldehydes or ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/32—The mixture being azeotropic
Definitions
- This invention relates to ,an azeotropic composition and particularly to the azeotropic mixture of tetrachlorodifiuoroethane and either one of the compounds ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl n-propyl ketone.
- chlorofluoroethanes have attained widespread use as specialty solvents in recent years, particularly tetrachlorodifiuoroethane.
- This is a relatively high melting compound (CCl FCCl F,245'C.) which is'non toxic and nonflammable, and which has satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes and the like under certain conditions. It has therefore found widespread use in cleaning electric motors, compressors, oxygen storage tanks, photographic film, lithographic plates, typewriters, instruments, gauges, sound tape, and as non-corrosive brines.
- Printed circuits are well known in the electronics art; and consist of a circuit formed from a soft metal on a solid, non-conducting surface such as a reinforced phenolic resin. During manufacture, the solid surface is coated with the metal, the desired portion of metal is coated with an impervious coating, and the excess metal is removed by etching with a suitable acid. After the excess metal has been removed, it is necessary to remove the impervious coating because solder joints must be made to the printed circuit and these will not form if the coating is present. After the imprevious coating is removed, the circuits are coated with a rosin flux to permit the joints to be soldered, after which the rosin flux must then be removed.
- the chlorofiuoroethane solvent does not have sufficient solventpower to clean printed circuits; that is, to effectively remove the rosin flux.
- mixtures of solvents may be used for this purpose they have the disadvantage that they boil over a range of temperatures and consequently undergo fractionation in vapor degreasing or ultrasonic applications which are open to the atmosphere.
- the solvent When employing either of these methods the solvent must also be substantially nontoxic and nonflammable for safety reasons.
- Tetrachlorodifluoroethane is a relatively high boiling fluorocarbon and for this reason especially advantageous in vapor degreasing applications since at these temperatures the hot vapor has more of a tendency to dissolve high melting greases, or fluxes as well as oil residues and the like.
- the solvent vapors tend to condense on the article until the articles are heated by the vapors from room temperature up to the temperature of the vapor.
- the condensation thus formed on the articles tends to drip back into the solvent reservoir taking with it some of the soil on the article. For this reason the ability of a cleaning solvent to condense on the surface is especially advantageous.
- Tetrachlorodifluoroethane also is a better solvent than materials such as trichlrotrifiuoromethane however, it suffers the disadvantage that it is solidus at room temperature whereas the latter is liquldus. Accordingly tetrachlorodifiuoroethane is more difficult to handle than liquid type cleaning solvents.
- the above object of this invention may be accomplished by a novel azeotropic composition of tetrachlorodifiuoroethane (e.g. l,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane) and either one of the compounds ethanol, iso-- propanol, n-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl-npropyl ketone.
- tetrachlorodifiuoroethane e.g. l,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane
- 1,l,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane is a preferred tetrachlorodifiuoroethane
- the isomer 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane may be substituted therefore in whole or in part and especially in minor amounts or trace amounts. All of these mixtures forming electric motors, compressor, photographic films,
- the azeotropic mixtures are obtained at approximately 760 mm. Hg a variation in pressure and consequently a change in the compositions and boiling points are also intended to be within the broad scope of the invention.
- the azeotropes may contain many different proportions of all of the aforementioned components provided a constant boiling mixture is obtained at the various pressures at which the compositions are used. Stated otherwise any pressure may be employed to obtain the azeotropes of this invention as long as a two component constant boiling mixture is obtained, and accordingly the ratio of components of the azeotropes of the invention will also vary.
- the present invention relates to the aforementioned azeotropes that boil at atmospheric pressure about 25, espectially 1 about 15 mm. Hg.
- the board consists originally of a phenolic resin impregnated base to which is bonded a sheet of copper, 2 to 4 mils thick, covering one surface of the board.
- the desired circuit is drawn on the copper with an asphalt based ink using the silk screen method.
- the excess copper is then removed by etching with a ferric chloride-hydrochloric acid bath, sometimes containing ammonium chloride, leaving on the board the copper that is covered by the ink.
- the asphalt ink is removed by cleaning with the azeotropic composition of this invention in an ultrasonic bath (some mechanical scrubbing is often used).
- the entire surface of the board is coated with a rosin flux and dried.
- the electronic components are then added at the proper places for soldering to the circuit.
- the board is then passed over a molten solder bath, contacting the desired joints with the molten metal, whereby the soldering is effected. After cooling, the excess rosin flux remaining on the board must be removed since, if present in the final assembly, it will lead to corrosion, poor electrical resistance and other deleterious properties.
- the board is cleaned by placing it in an ultrasonic bath of any of the aforementioned azeotropes and operating at about 32 kilocycles per second at about 38 C., where it remains for about one minute.
- the components of the mixtures may vary as follows:
- azeotrope contains 75.6 parts by weight of '1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2 difluoroeth'aneiabout 10% as noted above, it is intended that this component may vary from about 68.1 to about 83.1 parts by weight and so forth for the rest of the ranges of all the other above components and their equivalents.
- Printed circuit boards are usually prepared by impregnating glass cloth, nylon, or paper laminates with a phenolformaldehyde resin or an epoxy resin.
- Printed circuits are prepared by a variety of methods. In a typical pro- When the board is cleaned with the azeotropic mixtures of this invention substantially all of the rosin flux is removed without any detrimental effect on the board which constitutes the backing of the printed circuit.
- An azeotropic mixture consisting essentially of about 93 parts of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difiuoroethane and about 7 parts of methyl-n-propyl ketone on a weight basis, having a boiling point of 9i1.50 centigrade at approximately 760 mm. Hg.
- a method for cleaning a solid surface comprising contacting said surface with the composition of claim 1.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Abstract
THIS INVENTION RELATES TO AZEOTROPIC MIXTURES OF TETRACHLORODIFLUOROETHANE AND METHYLPROPYLEKETONE.
Description
United States Patent 3,737,389 AZEOTROPIC COMPOSITION Jared W. Clark, Charleston, and Charles E. Rectenwald, South Charleston, W. Va., assignors to Union Carbide Corporation, New York, N.Y.
No Drawing. Application Oct. 30, 1968, Ser. No. 772,0fl6,
now Patent No.3,527,708, which is a continuation-1npart of application Ser. No. 677,738, Oct. 24, 1967, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 590,227, Oct. 28, 1966, both now abandoned. Divided and this application Apr. 13, 1970, Ser. No. 32 482 Int. Cl. C09d 9/00; Clld 7/52; C23g /02 US. Cl. 252171 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to azeotropic mixtures of tetrachlorodifluoroethane and methylpropylketone.
This is a division of application Ser. No. 772,046 filed Oct. 30, 1968 which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 677,738 filed Oct. 24, 1967 which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 590,227 filed Oct. 28, 1966, both of which are abandoned.
This invention relates to ,an azeotropic composition and particularly to the azeotropic mixture of tetrachlorodifiuoroethane and either one of the compounds ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl n-propyl ketone.
Several of the chlorofluoroethanes have attained widespread use as specialty solvents in recent years, particularly tetrachlorodifiuoroethane. This is a relatively high melting compound (CCl FCCl F,245'C.) which is'non toxic and nonflammable, and which has satisfactory solvent power for greases, oils, waxes and the like under certain conditions. It has therefore found widespread use in cleaning electric motors, compressors, oxygen storage tanks, photographic film, lithographic plates, typewriters, instruments, gauges, sound tape, and as non-corrosive brines.
For certain solvent purposes however, the chlorofiuoroethanes alone have insuflicient solvent power. This is particularly true in the electronic industry during the manufacture of printed circuits. Printed circuits are well known in the electronics art; and consist of a circuit formed from a soft metal on a solid, non-conducting surface such as a reinforced phenolic resin. During manufacture, the solid surface is coated with the metal, the desired portion of metal is coated with an impervious coating, and the excess metal is removed by etching with a suitable acid. After the excess metal has been removed, it is necessary to remove the impervious coating because solder joints must be made to the printed circuit and these will not form if the coating is present. After the imprevious coating is removed, the circuits are coated with a rosin flux to permit the joints to be soldered, after which the rosin flux must then be removed.
The chlorofiuoroethane solvent does not have sufficient solventpower to clean printed circuits; that is, to effectively remove the rosin flux. Although mixtures of solvents may be used for this purpose they have the disadvantage that they boil over a range of temperatures and consequently undergo fractionation in vapor degreasing or ultrasonic applications which are open to the atmosphere. When employing either of these methods the solvent must also be substantially nontoxic and nonflammable for safety reasons.
Tetrachlorodifluoroethane is a relatively high boiling fluorocarbon and for this reason especially advantageous in vapor degreasing applications since at these temperatures the hot vapor has more of a tendency to dissolve high melting greases, or fluxes as well as oil residues and the like. When articles such as circuit boards are passed through a vapor degreaser, the solvent vapors tend to condense on the article until the articles are heated by the vapors from room temperature up to the temperature of the vapor. The condensation thus formed on the articles tends to drip back into the solvent reservoir taking with it some of the soil on the article. For this reason the ability of a cleaning solvent to condense on the surface is especially advantageous. Higher boiling solvents prolong this condensation effect in a continuous degreaser since it takes a greater amount of time to bring the articlepassing through the degreaser up to the vapor temperature of the solvent. Consequently higher boiling solvents generally have better cleaning power per unit of time in a continuous ,vapor degreaser than the lower boiling solvents.
Tetrachlorodifluoroethane also is a better solvent than materials such as trichlrotrifiuoromethane however, it suffers the disadvantage that it is solidus at room temperature whereas the latter is liquldus. Accordingly tetrachlorodifiuoroethane is more difficult to handle than liquid type cleaning solvents.
It is an object of this invention to provide a constant boiling or azeotropic solvent that is a liquid at room temperature, will not fractionate and also has the foregoing advantages. Another object is to provide an azeotropic composition which is valuable as a solvent and particularly for cleaning printed circuits. A further object is to provide an azeotropic composition which is both relatively nontoxic and nonflammable both in the liquid phase and in the vapor phase and which at the same time is an excellent solvent for' cleaning printed circuits especially by means of a continuous vapor degreasing machine.
The above object of this invention may be accomplished by a novel azeotropic composition of tetrachlorodifiuoroethane (e.g. l,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane) and either one of the compounds ethanol, iso-- propanol, n-propanol, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl-npropyl ketone. Although 1,l,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane is a preferred tetrachlorodifiuoroethane, the isomer 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane may be substituted therefore in whole or in part and especially in minor amounts or trace amounts. All of these mixtures forming electric motors, compressor, photographic films,
lithographic plates, typewriters, precision instruments, gauges, sound tapes, and the like and are particularly useful for cleaning printed circuits.
Although the azeotropic mixtures are obtained at approximately 760 mm. Hg a variation in pressure and consequently a change in the compositions and boiling points are also intended to be within the broad scope of the invention. Thus the azeotropes may contain many different proportions of all of the aforementioned components provided a constant boiling mixture is obtained at the various pressures at which the compositions are used. Stated otherwise any pressure may be employed to obtain the azeotropes of this invention as long as a two component constant boiling mixture is obtained, and accordingly the ratio of components of the azeotropes of the invention will also vary. The variation of components is thus within the skill of the art and is easily determined once it is known that the halogenated hydrocarbons of this invention will form the aforementioned azeotropes. In a preferred embodiment the present invention relates to the aforementioned azeotropes that boil at atmospheric pressure about 25, espectially 1 about 15 mm. Hg.
EXAMPLE I Boiling point,
Composition, percent by weight Ex. Component 1 1,1 2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane Ethanol EXAMPLES II-V The method of Example I is repeated using different mixtures of alcohols and ketones, the results of which are as follows:
cedure, the board consists originally of a phenolic resin impregnated base to which is bonded a sheet of copper, 2 to 4 mils thick, covering one surface of the board. The desired circuit is drawn on the copper with an asphalt based ink using the silk screen method. The excess copper is then removed by etching with a ferric chloride-hydrochloric acid bath, sometimes containing ammonium chloride, leaving on the board the copper that is covered by the ink. After washing off the etch solution, the asphalt ink is removed by cleaning with the azeotropic composition of this invention in an ultrasonic bath (some mechanical scrubbing is often used). The entire surface of the board is coated with a rosin flux and dried. The electronic components (resistors, capacitors, etc.) are then added at the proper places for soldering to the circuit. The board is then passed over a molten solder bath, contacting the desired joints with the molten metal, whereby the soldering is effected. After cooling, the excess rosin flux remaining on the board must be removed since, if present in the final assembly, it will lead to corrosion, poor electrical resistance and other deleterious properties.
The board is cleaned by placing it in an ultrasonic bath of any of the aforementioned azeotropes and operating at about 32 kilocycles per second at about 38 C., where it remains for about one minute.
Components, percent by weight Boiling 1, 1, 2, 2 point,
tetrachloro- Methyl Methyl C. at
1, 2-difluoroethyl n-propyl approximately Example N0. ethane n-Propenol i-Propanol ketone ketone 760 mm. Hg
Because the aforementioned azeotropes exist at pressures other than ambient pressures, as mentioned previously, the components of the mixtures may vary as follows:
Components, parts by weight 75.6;babout 10% especiallyiabout 5%.
1,1 2,2-tetraehloro-1,2-
Thus Where the azeotrope contains 75.6 parts by weight of '1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2 difluoroeth'aneiabout 10% as noted above, it is intended that this component may vary from about 68.1 to about 83.1 parts by weight and so forth for the rest of the ranges of all the other above components and their equivalents.
Printed circuit boards are usually prepared by impregnating glass cloth, nylon, or paper laminates with a phenolformaldehyde resin or an epoxy resin. Printed circuits are prepared by a variety of methods. In a typical pro- When the board is cleaned with the azeotropic mixtures of this invention substantially all of the rosin flux is removed without any detrimental effect on the board which constitutes the backing of the printed circuit.
Although the invention has been described by reference to some preferred embodiments it is not intended that the broad scope of the novel azeotropic compositions be limited thereby but that certain modifications are intended to be included within the spirit and broad scope of the following claims.
What is claimed is:
1. An azeotropic mixture consisting essentially of about 93 parts of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1,2-difiuoroethane and about 7 parts of methyl-n-propyl ketone on a weight basis, having a boiling point of 9i1.50 centigrade at approximately 760 mm. Hg.
2. A method for cleaning a solid surface comprising contacting said surface with the composition of claim 1.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,999,815 9/1961 Eisemau 252-Dig, 9 3,085,116 4/1963 Kvalnes 252-Dig. 9 3,499,047 3/ 1970 Cormany et al. 252-Dig. 9
WILLIAM E. SCHULZ, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.
252-66, Dig. 9; 260652.5
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US77204668A | 1968-10-30 | 1968-10-30 | |
US3248370A | 1970-04-13 | 1970-04-13 | |
US3248270A | 1970-04-13 | 1970-04-13 | |
US3248170A | 1970-04-13 | 1970-04-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3737389A true US3737389A (en) | 1973-06-05 |
Family
ID=27488005
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US772046A Expired - Lifetime US3527708A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1968-10-30 | Azeotropic composition |
US00032481A Expired - Lifetime US3737388A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1970-04-13 | Azeotropic composition |
US00032482A Expired - Lifetime US3737389A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1970-04-13 | Azeotropic composition |
US00032483A Expired - Lifetime US3737390A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1970-04-13 | Azeotropic composition |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US772046A Expired - Lifetime US3527708A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1968-10-30 | Azeotropic composition |
US00032481A Expired - Lifetime US3737388A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1970-04-13 | Azeotropic composition |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00032483A Expired - Lifetime US3737390A (en) | 1968-10-30 | 1970-04-13 | Azeotropic composition |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US3527708A (en) |
BE (1) | BE751083A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4517108A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1985-05-14 | Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Cleaning composition |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3718598A (en) * | 1970-08-05 | 1973-02-27 | Olin Mathieson | Preparation of chloride-free hypochlorous acid solutions |
GB1442393A (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1976-07-14 | Ici Ltd | Solvent compositions for cleaning |
US3881949A (en) * | 1973-02-27 | 1975-05-06 | Du Pont | Vapor degreaser process employing trichlorotrifluoroethane and ethanol |
US4035258A (en) * | 1973-08-27 | 1977-07-12 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Azeotropic compositions |
US4052327A (en) * | 1974-01-07 | 1977-10-04 | Addressograph Multigraph Corporation | Compositions for eradicating electrophotographic images from translucent paper |
US4378303A (en) * | 1980-04-14 | 1983-03-29 | Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Azeotropic solvent composition |
DE3702399A1 (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-11 | Kali Chemie Ag | NEW MIXTURES WITH DIFLUORTETRACHLORAETHANE |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3431211A (en) * | 1965-03-05 | 1969-03-04 | Du Pont | Azeotropic compositions |
-
1968
- 1968-10-30 US US772046A patent/US3527708A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-04-13 US US00032481A patent/US3737388A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-04-13 US US00032482A patent/US3737389A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-04-13 US US00032483A patent/US3737390A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-05-28 BE BE751083D patent/BE751083A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4517108A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1985-05-14 | Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Cleaning composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US3737388A (en) | 1973-06-05 |
BE751083A (en) | 1970-11-30 |
US3737390A (en) | 1973-06-05 |
US3527708A (en) | 1970-09-08 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK, AND MOR Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNORS:UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A CORP.,;STP CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.,;UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS CO., INC., A CORP. OF PA.,;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:004547/0001 Effective date: 19860106 |
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AS | Assignment |
Owner name: UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:MORGAN BANK (DELAWARE) AS COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:004665/0131 Effective date: 19860925 |